Embryology Pharyngeal Arches Ukcd

Front 1

From which embryonic structures does the head and neck develop?

Back 1

The pharyngeal (branchial) arches

Front 2

From what do these structure arise?

Back 2

Mesenchyme

Front 3

What specific cells migrate to these arches to form the skeletal components of the face?

Back 3

Neural crest cells

Front 4

List the cranial nerve associate with each pharyngeal arch.

Back 4

Pharyngeal arch I (CN V); Pharyngeal arch II (CN VII); Pharyngeal arch III (CN IX); Pharyngeal arch IV-VI (CN X – IV = superior laryngeal n., VI = recurrent laryngeal n.)

Front 5

Which pharyngeal arch fails to develop into a head and neck structure?

Back 5

Pharyngeal arch V

Front 6

Pharyngeal arches are covered externally by _________, separated by grooves called____________, and the mesenchyme of each arch is supported by ___________.

Back 6

Ectoderm, pharyngeal clefts/grooves, cartilage

Front 7

List the primary derivatives of each pharyngeal arch cartilage.

Back 7

1 – malleus, incus, sphenomandibular ligament
2 – stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, upper half of hyoid bone
3 – lower half and greater horns (cornu) of hyoid bone
4 – thyroid and epiglottic cartilages
6 – cricoid, arytenoid and corniculate cartilages of larynx

Front 8

What muscles are associate with each pharyngeal arch?

Back 8

1 – mm. of mastication, anterior belly of digastrics, mylohyoid, tensor palate, tensor tympani
2 – mm. of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid
3 - stylopharyngeus, part id superior pharyngeal constrictor
4-6 – mm. of larynx and remaining mm. of pharynx and soft palate.