Embryology Md1 Block 2 Placenta 2 Part 2

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The prenatal manifestations are known as hydrops fetalis; in severe forms this can include what S/S =

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petechiae and purpura.

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►Blood tests done on the mother
for RH Heme =

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D antigen of the Rhesus blood group system typing

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Rho (D) immune globulin (RhoGAM, MICRhoGAM) is a human immunoglobulin (IgG) preparation that contains antibodies against Rh factor and prevents a maternal antibody response to Rh-positive cells that may enter the maternal bloodstream of a Rh-negative mother.

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This drug is administered to Rh negative mothers within 72 hours after the birth of an Rh-positive baby
to prevent erythroblastosis fetalis during subsequent pregnancies.

Hint 3

Rhogam prevents B-cell activation and memory cells formation.

Front 4

The margins of the placenta are continuous with the

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amniotic and chorionic sacs.

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The characteristic cobblestone appearance of the maternal surface is produced by slightly bulging villous areas – .

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cotyledons

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The umbilical cord usually attaches to the

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fetal surface of the placenta.

Front 7

The umbilical vessels branch on the fetal surface to form chorionic vessels, which enter the chorionic villi and form the

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arteriocapillary-venous system.

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The attachment of the umbilical cord to the placenta is usually near the

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center of the fetal surface of placenta but it may attach at any point.

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If insertion of cord at the placental margin--

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battledore placenta

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a placenta in which the umbilical blood vessels abnormally travel through the amniochorionic membrane before reaching the placenta proper.

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Velamentous placenta :

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If these blood vessels cross the internal os, a serious condition called

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vasa previa

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result from deep implantation of the placenta into the decidua.

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►Circumvallate placenta is

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occurs when the placenta attaches in the lower part of the uterus, covering the internal os.

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Placenta previa

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►The placenta normally implants in the

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posterior superior wall of the uterus.

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Complications: ?

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.

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Placental abruption

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occurs when a normally implanted placenta prematurely separates from the uterus before delivery of the fetus.

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an abnormally deep
attachment of the
placenta, through the
endometrium and into
the myometrium.

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Placental accreta

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three forms of placenta accreta,

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75-78% of all cases
invasion of the myometrium which does not penetrate the entire thickness of the muscle.

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Placenta accreta occurs when there is abnormal adherence of the chorionic villi to the uterine wall with partial or complete absence of the decidua basalis.

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occurs when the placenta further extends into the myometrium and happens in around 17% of all cases.

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.

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villementous
abruption
previa
know for test

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.

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is a placenta consisting of small accessory lobes completely separate from the main placenta.

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Succenturiate placenta

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►►Care must be taken to assure that the accessory lobes are eliminated afterbirth.

Info

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