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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What percent of sperm make it to the oocyte
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1%
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Where is the site of fertilization
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The Ampulla region
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What are the 3 periods of pregnancy, how long do they last and what is formed in these periods
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1. Germinal Period- first 2 weeks of development and forms the germ layers
2. Embryonic Period- weeks 2-8 and the organ systems develop 3. Fetal Period- last 30 weeks, organ system grow and mature |
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What are the 3 layers of the oocyte
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1. Corona Radiata- granulosis celks
2. Zona Pellucida- clear glycoprotein membrane 3. Plasma membrane |
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What reaction is caused by the sperm binding to the ZP3?
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The acrosomal reaction where digestive enzymes are released
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What does the sperm bind to in order to cause a depolarization?
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Integrin alpha 6 beta 1
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After the depolarization of the oocyte what occurs so that only one sperm can enter the nucleus
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Fast Block to Polyspermy- charged elector potential shocks away any other sperm from attaching
Slow Block to Polyspermy- calcium ions are released which causes an exocytosis of calcium and water. The loss of water causes the oocyte to shrink , which causes the zone pellucida to denature as we'll as the ZP# |
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How many mitotic divisions does the oocyte undergo before it is the female pronucleus?
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2
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When the two pronucleus join what is the new diploid cell called?
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Zygote
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What pushes the zygote down the uterine tubes toward the uterus?
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Cilia
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How long does the fire division of the zygote take to occur
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18-36 hours
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What are the 2 types of cells in the zygote/ morulla and what can they become
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Totipotent- can become any type of cell
Pleuripotent- can become a smaller number of different types of cells |
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When has the morulla been formed?
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After the zygote is more than 12 cells
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What is the fluid cavity called inside the blastocyst?
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The blastocele
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What does the inner cell mass eventually become?
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The embryo proper
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What is the thin layer of cells that surround the blastocele called?
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Trophoblast cells
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What cells are formed after implantation?
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Cytotrophoblast cells and syncytiotrophoblast cells
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What is the difference between dizygotic twins and monozygotic twins?
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Dizygotic twins are formed when two oocytes are released
Monozygotic twins are formed when one cell is released and after it is fertilized it splits into two cells |
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If the zygote splits after 8 days what is likely to be formed?
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conjoined twins
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