Embryology- Developmental Of Urogenital System

Front 1

Cranial part of the urogenital system is derived from ________.

Back 1

Intermediate mesoderm

Front 2

Middle part of the urogenital system is derived from ________.

Back 2

endoderm

Front 3

Caudal most part of the urogenital system is derived from ________.

Back 3

ectoderm

Front 4

The intermediate mesoderm grows & form a longitudinal mass running in cranio-caudal direction call the __________.

Back 4

nephrogenic ridge

Front 5

From the nephrogenic ridge, the three systems of the kidney, the ______, _______ & ________ develop in sequence from cranial to caudal.

Back 5

pronephros
mesonephros
metanephros

Front 6

Seven to eight pairs of ___________ form at the cranial end (neck region) of the nephrogenic ridge.

Back 6

pronephric tubules

Front 7

The one end of each pronephric tubule turn caudally to meet its neighbor to form _________.

Back 7

pronephric duct

Front 8

_______ tubules are not functional in mammals but function in fish.

Back 8

pronephric

Front 9

Pronephric tubules are not functional in mammals & regress but their _______ persists & later continues as mesonephric duct.

Back 9

pronephric duct

Front 10

The _________ develops in the thoracic & lumbar regions of the nephrogenic ridge.

Back 10

mesonephros

Front 11

The size of the _______ is correlated with type of placenta.

Back 11

mesonephros

Front 12

The mesonephros is smallest in what species?

Back 12

carnivores (endotheliochorial)

Front 13

The mesonephros is largest in what species?

Back 13

pigs (epitheliochorial)

Front 14

The mesonephros is intermediate in what species?

Back 14

sheep

Front 15

The ________ tubules are functional in embryonic life.

Back 15

mesonephric

Front 16

The one end of the mesonephric tubule enlarges & forms a double walled cup called the _________.

Back 16

bowman's capsule

Front 17

A tuft of capillaries called the _________ derived from a series of branches of the dorsal aorta, invaginated in the Bowman's capsule.

Back 17

glomerulus

Front 18

The other end of the mesonephric tubules joins the ___________ duct (continuation of the pronephric duct), provides an outlet for the excretory product.

Back 18

mesonephric

Front 19

Most of the mesonephric ______ regress whereas the mesonephric _______ persists.

Back 19

tubules, duct

Front 20

_______ is permanent & functional in mammals & develops from caudal most part of the nephrogenic ridge.

Back 20

metanephros

Front 21

________ has a dual origin.

Back 21

metanephros

Front 22

__________ tubules are better developed than _________ tubules having bowman’s capsule & glomerulus (functional in embryonic/fetal life)

Back 22

Mesonephric
pronephric

Front 23

___________ also known as (metanephric diverticulum) arises from the caudal part of the mesonephric duct, develops into the collecting system.

Back 23

ureteric bud

Front 24

The ureteric bud grows into the metanephric tissues & induces metanephric tissues to form the _________ which develops into excretory system (nephron)

Back 24

metanephric cap

Front 25

The outer part of the metanephric mass forms the _______ & interstitial tissue of the kidney.

Back 25

capsule

Front 26

__________ system is derived from metanephric tissue cap

Back 26

excretory

Front 27

Excretory system includes what portions of the adult kidney?

Back 27

bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubules, loop of henle, & DCT

Front 28

Collecting system includes what portions of the adult kidney?

Back 28

collecting tubules, major & minor calyces, renal pelvis & ureter

Front 29

_______ system is derived from ureteric bud.

Back 29

collecting

Front 30

What 3 parts are the urogenital sinus divided into?

Back 30

vesicular, pelvic & phallic part

Front 31

The proximal part of the allantois, together with the vesicular part of the urogenital sinus, enlarge to form the ________.

Back 31

bladder

Front 32

The remainder of the allantois slowly degenerates & is called _______.

Back 32

urachus

Front 33

_______ forms the medium ligament of the bladder.

Back 33

urachus

Front 34

_________ & ________ are seperated during the development of the bladder.

Back 34

Mesonephric duct(deferent duct) and metanephric (ureter) duct

Front 35

________ duct (ureter) opens into the bladder.

Back 35

Metanephric

Front 36

_________ duct becomes opens caudally into urogenital sinus (pelvic part)

Back 36

Mesonephric

Front 37

_______ is the absence of one or both kidneys.

Back 37

renal agenesis

Front 38

______ is when two kidneys fuse.

Back 38

horse shoe kidney

Front 39

_________ is the failure of union between the developing nephron & collecting tubules.

Back 39

cystic kidney

Front 40

__________ is when the ureter opens into the urethra & is common in female dogs.

Back 40

ectopic ureter

Front 41

The genetic sex of the embryo is established at the time of fertilization,
but difficult to determine morphologically, this stage is referred to as ___________.

Back 41

indifferent stage

Front 42

The primordial germ cells originate from the ________.

Back 42

yolk sac

Front 43

Y chromosome contain the _________ genes. In the absence of this factor, female development is established

Back 43

testis determining factor (TDF)

Front 44

____________ produced by the sertoli cells, causes the regression of the mullerian duct.

Back 44

Mullerian inhibitory substance (MIS)

Front 45

What type of cells produce testosterone?

Back 45

leydig cells

Front 46

Testosterone produced by leydig cells stimulates the development of the _________ duct and causes the regression of the mullerian duct (review free-martin).

Back 46

Wolffian

Front 47

Testosterone produced by leydig cells stimulates the development of the Wolffian duct and causes the regression of the _________ duct.

Back 47

mullerian

Front 48

The testis (gonadal) cords develops into the ________ (peripheral part) & __________ (central part).

Back 48

seminiferous tubules & rete testis

Front 49

The primordial germ cells differentiate into _________, which after birth give rise to _________.

Back 49

gonocytes
spermatogonia

Front 50

The sertoli and leydig cells are derived from ___________.

Back 50

mesenchyme

Front 51

____________ develops by a distinct mesenchymal sheet .

Back 51

Tunica albugenia

Front 52

In females, the gonadal cords break up into many small clusters called _______, which contain primordial germ cells to develop into oogonia.

Back 52

follicles

Front 53

_________ is poorly developed in the ovary.

Back 53

tunica albugneia

Front 54

The follicular cells are of _________ origin.

Back 54

mesenchymal

Front 55

What does the Mesonephric duct develop into in the male?

Back 55

ductus epididymis
ductus deference
vesicular gland

Front 56

What does the Mesonephric duct develop into in the female?

Back 56

vestigeal structures

Front 57

What does the Mesonephric tubules develop into in the male?

Back 57

efferent ductules

Front 58

hat does the Mesonephric tubules develop into in the female?

Back 58

vestigeal structures

Front 59

What 3 indifferent stage derivatives originate from intermediate mesoderm?

Back 59

Mesonephric tubules
Mesonephric duct
Paramesonephric duct

Front 60

What indifferent stage derivative originate from endoderm?

Back 60

urogenital sinus

Front 61

What does the Paramesonephric duct develop into in the male?

Back 61

vestigeal structures
uterus masculinus

Front 62

What indifferent stage derivatives originate from ectoderm?

Back 62

urachus
gebernaculum
urogenital fold
genital swelling
genital tubercle

Front 63

What does the Paramesonephric duct develop into in the female?

Back 63

uterine tube
uterus & partly the vagina

Front 64

What does the urogenital sinus (vesicle part) develop into in the male/female?

Back 64

urinary bladder

Front 65

What does the urogenital sinus (pelvic part) develop into in the male?

Back 65

pelvic urethra
prostate

Front 66

What does the urogenital sinus (pelvic part) develop into in the female?

Back 66

urethra
vagina (caudal)

Front 67

What does the urogenital sinus (phallic part) develop into in the female?

Back 67

vestibule

Front 68

What does the urogenital sinus (phallic part) develop into in the male?

Back 68

penile urethra

Front 69

What does the padent urachus develop into in the male?

Back 69

bulbourethral gland

Front 70

What does the padent urachus develop into in the female?

Back 70

vestibular gland

Front 71

What does the gebernaculum develop into in the female?

Back 71

round ligament of the uterus

Front 72

What does the urachus develop into in the male/female?

Back 72

medial ligament of the bladder

Front 73

What does the gebernaculum develop into in the male?

Back 73

Ligament of the testis & epididymis

Front 74

What does the gebernaculum develop into in the female?

Back 74

Round ligament of the uterus

Front 75

What does the urogenital fold develop into in the female?

Back 75

labia minora

Front 76

What does the urogenital fold develop into in the male?

Back 76

urethral fold of the penile urethra

Front 77

What does the genital swelling develop into in the male?

Back 77

scrotum

Front 78

What does the genital swelling develop into in the female?

Back 78

labia

Front 79

What does the genital tubercle develop into in the female?

Back 79

clitoris

Front 80

What does the genital tubercle develop into in the male?

Back 80

penis

Front 81

_______ is a mesenchymal condensation that extends from the gonad to the scrotal swelling

Back 81

gebernaculum testis

Front 82

swelling of the gebernaculm testis & intra-abdominal pressure are responsible for what?

Back 82

testis descending

Front 83

_______ is the accumulation of fluid within 2 layers of tunica vaginalis

Back 83

hydrocoele