Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What structure acts as the "lung" in fetal circulation?
|
Placenta
|
|
|
What structures close in transition from fetal to neonatal circulation?
|
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosis Ductus venosus |
|
|
What is the most common cause of congenital heart defect?
|
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)
|
|
|
Which faulty occurrences in embryonic development lead to congenital heart disease?
|
Arrest in growth
Misplaced structure |
|
|
The endocardial heart tubes fuse at what week?
|
Week 3
|
|
|
Blood starts to flow at what week?
|
Week 4
|
|
|
Which parts of the embryonic heart grows faster than the others?
|
Bulbus cordis
Ventricle |
|
|
The looping that occurs with the bulboventricular loop goes in which direction?
|
Ventrally, caudally and to the right
|
|
|
The endocardial cushions separate which cavities?
|
Atrial and ventricles
|
|
|
Does the ostium secundum form before or after the ostium primum closes?
|
Before
|
|
|
The foramen ovale forms due to the covering of the ostium secundum by what structure?
|
Septum secundum
|
|
|
The valve of the foramen ovale is formed by what structure?
|
LOWER part of primum septum
|
|
|
The endocardial cushions form what three structures?
|
Septum intermedium--AV septum
AV valves Atrial and ventricular septa |
|
|
Where are most ventricular septal defects located?
|
Membranous septum
|
|
|
Closure of the interventricular foramen and formation of the membranous septum occurs by fusion of what three structures?
|
Right and left bulbar ridges
Endocardial cushion Interventricular septum |
|
|
The aorticopulmonary septum is formed by what structures?
|
Fusion of right and left bulbar and truncal ridges
Neural crest cells |
|
|
The heart valves form from which type of tissue?
|
Subendocardial tissue
|
|
|
The fetal circuit ensures that which parts of the body receive the most flow?
|
Head
Heart Upper limbs |
|
|
The foramen ovale closes by the fusion of what structures?
|
Septum primum and septup secundum
|
|
|
Post natally the ductus arteriosus becomes what structure?
|
Ligamentum arteriosum
|
|
|
The ductus arteriosus allows for shunting of blood from where to where?
|
Right ventricule to aorta and not the pulmonary artery
|
|
|
The ductus venosus allows shunting of blood from where to where?
|
Umbilical vein to inferior vena cava rather than through hepatic flow
|
|
|
The foramen ovale allows shunting of blood from where to where?
|
Right to left atrium
|
|
|
What changes after birth induces the closure of the ductus arteriosus?
|
Decreased pulmonary vascular resistance
Increased arterial oxygen Declining prostaglandin |
|
|
What factors contribute to failure of closure of ductus arteriosus?
|
Hypoxia
Prematurity Maternal rubella |
|
|
Ductus arteriosus can be left open by treatment with ____ and closed by treatment with ____.
|
Open--prostaglandin E
Closed--indomethacin |
|
|
What is the abnormality in transposition of the great vessels?
|
Aorta arises from RV and pulmonary artery arises from LV
|
