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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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week 1
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implantation of blastocyst
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week 2
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formation of bilaminar disk
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week 3
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formation of primitive streak
formation of notochord formation of neural tube gastrulation |
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week 4
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formation of limb buds
heart begins to beat |
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week 10
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genitals are differentiated
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30-40 hrs post fertilization
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zygote
in tube |
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72 hrs post fertilization
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morula
in tube |
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days 4-5
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blastocyst
in uterus |
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days 5-6
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implantation
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From surface ectoderm
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epidermis
lining of epithelium lens of eye adenohypophysis |
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from neuroectoderm
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cns neurons
neruohypophysis oligodendrocytes astrocytes pineal gland |
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from neural crest
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ans
dorsal root ganglia melanocytes chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla enterochromaffin cells pia mater celiac ganglion schwann cells parafollicular cells of thyroid laryngeal cartilage |
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from endoderm
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-begin as squamous cells, but finally change into culumnar cells-
entire gi tract except part of mouth, pharynx, and terminal rectum (formed by ectodermal involution trachea, bronchi, alveoli lining of follicles of the thyroid, thymus, and parathyroid glands |
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from mesoderm
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adrenal cortex
spleen dura of connective tissues muscle tissues bone heart lymphatic system urinary system (including kidneys) serous linings of peritoneal body cavities blood |
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forms ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
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truncus arteriosus
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forms smooth parts of left and right ventricle
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bulbus cordis
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forms trabeculated parts of the left and right ventricle
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primative ventricle
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forms trabeculated left and right atrium
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primitive atria
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forms the coronary sinus
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left horn of sinus venosus
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forms the smooth part of right atrium
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right horn of sinus venosus
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forms svc
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right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein
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teratogen effects of androgenic hormones
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clitoral enlargement
labiosacral fusion when given before 13 weeks gestation |
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teratogen effects of warfarin and other coumadin-derived antigcoagulants
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developmental delay
hydrocephalus agenesis of corpus collosum meningoencephalocele midfacial hypoplasia |
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teratogen effects of antithyroid meds
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may produce transient fetal hypothyroidism and goiter
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teratogen effects of diphenylhydantoin
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abnormal facies
microcephaly growth deficiency mental retardation hypoplastic nails hypoplastic phalanges |
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teratogen effects of valproate and carbamazepine
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neural tube defects
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teratogen effects of lithium
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ebstein's anomaly (including atrialization of the right ventricle)
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teratogen effects of diethylstilbestrol
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structural defects of the femal genital tract
vaginal adenosis |
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teratogen effects of isotrenitoin
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microphthalmia
hydrocephalus microtia cleft palate blindness deafness heart disease thymic agenesis |
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teratogen effects of tobacco
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spontaneous abortion
increased risk of placental abruption or previa preterm delivery premature rupture of membranes |
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teratogen effects of cocaine
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placental abruption
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teratogen effects of thalidomide
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limb defects
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teratogen effects of ACE inhibitors
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renal damage
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fetal erythropoiesis at 3-8 weeks
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yolk sac
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fetal erythropoiesis at 6-30 weeks
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liver and spleen
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fetal erythropoiesis at 28+ weeks
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bone marrow
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branchial arch 1 derivatives
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supplies by cn V2 and V3
mandible, malleus, incus, sphenomandibular ligament masseter, pterygoids, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini |
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branchial arch 2 derivatives
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supplied by CN VII
stapes, styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, styloihyoid ligament stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric |
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branchial arch 3 derivatives
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supplied by cn IX
greater horn of hyoid, stylopharyngeus |
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branchial arch 4 and 6 derivatives
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supplied by cn X
thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids, corniculate, cuneiform most of the pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini 6 - intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid |
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1st branchial cleft derivatives
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external auditory meatus
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2-4th cleft derivatives
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formation of temporary cervical sinuses when the 2nd arch mesenchyme is obliterated
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derivatives of 1st branchial pouch
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middle ear cavity
eustachian tube mastoid air cells |
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derivatives of 2nd branchial pouch
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epithelial lining of the palatine tonsil
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derivatives of 3rd pouch
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thymus
inferior parathyroids |
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derivatives of 4th pouch
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superior parathyroids
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tympanic membrane derived from
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1st pharyngeal membrane
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eustachian tube derived from
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1st pharyngeal membrane
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external auditory meatus derived from
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1st cleft
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incus derived from
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1st arch
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malleus derived from
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1st arch
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stapes derived from
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2nd arch
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tensor tympani from
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1st arch
cn V3 |
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stapedius from
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2nd arch
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anterior 2/3 of tongue formed by
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1st branchial arch
CN V3 - sensation CN 7 - taste |
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posterior 1/3 or tongue derived from
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3rd and 4th branchial arch
CN 9 |
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ventral pancreatic bud becomes
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pancreatic head, uncinate process, and main pancreatic duct
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dorsal pancreatic bud becomes
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body of pancrease, tain of pancreas, isthmus, accessory pancreatic duct
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Mesonephric (Wolffian) duct develops into
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epididymis, ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicles, ductus deferens
secrete mullerian-inhibiting substance in order to suppress the development of paramesonephric ducts |
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Paramesonephric duct (Mullerian) develops into
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fallopian tubes, uterus, and upper part of vagina
lack of secretion of mullerian-inhibiting substance causes growth of paramesonephric ducts |
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male fetus becomes distinct at
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8-12 weeks
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sonic hedgehog gene
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produced at base of limbs, involved in patterning along anterior-posterior axis
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Wnt-7 gene
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produced at apical ectodermal ridge at distal end of developing limb, necessary for proper organization along dorsal-ventral axis
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FGF gene
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produced at apical ectodermal ridge, stimulates mitosis of underlying mesoder, providing for lenthening of limbs
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Homeobox gene
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involved in segmental organization of embryo in a craniocaudal direction
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alar plate (dorsal)
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sensory
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basal plate (ventral)
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motor
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aortic arch 1
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mart of maxillary artery (branch of external carotid)
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aortic arch 2
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stapedial artery and hyoid artery
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aortic arch 3
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common carotid artery
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aortic arch 4
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on left - aortic arch
on right - proximal part of right subclavian artery |
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aortic arch 6
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proximal part of pulmonary arteries, ductus arteriosis on left only
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branchial clefts derived from
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ectoderm
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branchial arches derived from
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mesoderm and neural crests
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branchial pouches derived from
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endoderm
CAP: -Clefts - ectoderm -Arches - mesoderm -Pouches - endoderm |
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Abnormalities of 1st branchial arch
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Treacher Collins syndrome - mandibular hypoplasia, facial abnormalities
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Abnormalities of 3rd branchial arch
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Congenital pharyngo-cutaneous fistula - persistence of cleft and pouch leads to fistula between tonsillar area, cleft in lateral neck
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