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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Treatment for burns |
IV FLUIDS Remove clothes Irrigation ABC's Low threshold for intubation 100% oxygen to overcome carboxyhemoglobin |
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Headache, nausea, mental changes + burns |
Carbon monoxide poisoning |
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Burn with muscle necrosis, myoglobinuria, acidosis and renal failure |
Electrical burns |
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Immediately life-threatening risk with electricity exposure? |
Cardiac arrhythmias |
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Epidermis + dermis + no blanching + no pain + leathery |
Full-thickness burn |
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Painful, warm, moist + blisters + superficial papillary dermis + epidermis |
Superficial Partial-thickness |
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mottled, waxy, white + ruptured blisters + no pain but does have pressure |
Deep Partial-thickness burn |
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epidermis burn + localized pain |
Superficial burn |
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How to grade burns |
Rule of 9's Head and neck = 9 Each arm (9) = 18 Each leg (18) = 36 Anterior trunk = 18 Posterior trunk = 18 Palm of hands (1) = 2 Perenium = 1 |
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Refer to burn center |
<10, >50; full thickness >10% BSA partial/full >20% full thickness >5% Partial/full of face, hands, feet, genatalia, perineum, major joints Electrical burns Chemical or Inhalation injury |
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Organisms that infect burned skin |
Staph aureus Pseudomonas = green/ fruity smell |
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What should all burn patients get for ppx? |
empiric abx Tetanus >5 yrs |
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Hypothermia |
Body temp <95 degrees Mental status changes Neurologic deficits |
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EKG finding for hypothermia |
Osborn J wave |
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When should active core warming be used for hypothermia? |
<28C - involves warm IVF's - irrigation of body cavities with warm fluids - pulmonary bypass |
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How to treat frostnip/frostbite? |
warming with blankets/water surgical debridement - necrotic areas remaining after warming |
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When to give up reviving someone with hypothermia? |
only when warmed above 35 C |
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Core body temp >40C + perspiration |
Heat exhaustion |
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>40.5C + anhydrosis + CNS dysfunction |
Heat stroke
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Other causes of hyperthermia |
Infection Malignant hyperthermia Neuroleptic malignant syndrome Drug fever Thyroid storm |
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Succinylcholine + halothane exposure + hyperthermia |
Malignant hyperthermia TX Dantrolene |
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HIGH CPK + antipsychotics + CNS changes |
NMS - remove drug - IV fluids (prevent rhabdo) - consider dantrolene |
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Classic causes of drug fever? |
anticholinergics "hot as a hare" |
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Types of toxidromes |
Cholinergic crisis Anticholinergic crisis Sympathomimetic Opiate |
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Salivation + Lacrimation + Urination + Defecation + GI activity + pinpoint pupils + bradycardia |
SLUG => Cholinergic crisis |
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Blind as a bat + mad as a hatter + hot as a hare + dry as a bone + red as a beet + dilated pupils + tachycardia |
Anticholinergic crisis |
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HTN + tachycardia + anxiety + dilated pupils + sweating + AMS |
Sympathomimetic |
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pinpoint pupils + coma + respiratory depression + bradycardia + hypotension |
Opiate |
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How to deal with a poisoning: |
1) ABC's and IV access 2) Oral ingestion = charcoal (within a few hours) - do not use with no airway! |
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hypervolemia + electrolyte disturbances + hemolysis are caused by what type of drowning? |
Fresh water
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What temp water do people do better in hot? cold? |
Cold - slows metabolic rate |
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What to do in tooth avulsion? |
Pull back into place, rinse with saline, stabilize |
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<1yr drown in? |
bathtubs |
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2-6 years drown in? |
pools |
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adolescents drown from? |
alcohol use |
