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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three most common causes of Otitis Media?
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1. Strep pneumo (#1)
2. H. influenza (non-typable) 3. Moraxela catarrhalis |
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What are complications of otitis media?
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Mastoiditis, Labrynthitis, Cranial Nerve deficits (facial palsy), and Intracranial infections
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Peripheral Vertigo
1. Onset/ Severity 2. Pattern/ Worst with movement? 3. Nystagmus/ fatigues? 4. Hearing loss/ tinnitus? 5. CNS symptoms? |
1. Sudden/ Intense spinning
2. Intermittent/ Yes 3. Horizontal/ Yes 4. Sometimes x2 (VIII nerve) 5. Absent |
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Central Vertigo
1. Onset/ Severity 2. Pattern/ Worst with movement? 3. Nystagmus/ fatigues? 4. Hearing loss/ tinnitus? 5. CNS symptoms? |
1. Slow onset/ Less intense - ill defined
2. Constant/ No 3. Vertigo/ No 4. No/ No 5. Usually present |
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What is the most common cause of recurrent peripheral vertigo?
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
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Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
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Herpes zoster oticus causes deafness, vertigo, facial palsy; grouped vesicles on an erythematous base inside the ear canal.
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Vestibular neuronitis
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(most common reason people come to ED) - N/V lasting days->weeks; worse with positional change/ positional nystagmus; symptoms limited to vestibular system (balance)
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Labrynthitis
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Infection of labryrinth (concurrent/recent URI)
Can be due to ototoxic drugs Usually viral/rarely bacterial; look for OM/mastoiditis as cause BOTH Vestibular and HEARING symptoms |
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Meniere's Disease
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Unilateral/bilateral excess production of endolymph
TINNITUS, VERTIGO, and HEARING LOSS Spells last 2-8 hours/ monthly HYPONATREMIA |
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Eight nerve lesion
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Peripheral Vertigo- (Tumor on 8th n.)
Meningiomas, acoustic schwannomas *GRADUAL onset of mild vertigo and unsteadiness* |
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Tumors of cerebellopontine angle
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Deafness, ataxia, IPSILATERAL FACIAL WEAKNESS
- Loss of corneal reflex, cerebellar signs - Neuromas, meningiomas, dermoids |
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Nasal Fractures
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Septal hematoma (I&D/ Pack)
CSF rhinorrhea (cribiform plate fracture) |
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Mononucleosis
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EBV; Posterior chain cervical adenopathy (atypical lymphocytosis)
Ampicillin -->rash |
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Ludwig's Angina
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Bilateral cellulitis of the submandibular space (connective tissue, fascia, and muscles)
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malignant otitis external: responsible bug, susceptible group
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Pseudomonas IV antibiotics
Elderly, diabetics, HIV, and immunosuppression |
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Perichondritis
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Infection of the ear skin - usually post traumatic (warm, fever, swelling)
#1: pseudomonas, proteus, staph |
