Elsener Wwii Cold War

Front 1

The name given to the alliance of countries in opposition to the Axis Powers (United States, Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand, India, the Soviet Union, Canada, and Greece)

Back 1

Allied Powers

Front 2

Discrimination and persecution of Jewish people.

Back 2

Anti-Semitism

Front 3

In mid-1942 an all-out program to develop the _________ was initiated by the United States.

Back 3

Atomic bomb

Front 4

The coalition headed by Germany, Italy, and Japan that opposed the Allied Powers in World War II.

Back 4

Axis Powers

Front 5

(April 1942) The ruthless forced march of American and Filipino POWs to Japanese prison camps after the fall of Bataan.

Back 5

Bataan Death March

Front 6

(July-September 1940), Series of intense raids directed against Great Britain by the German air force after the fall of France during World War II

Back 6

Battle of Britain

Front 7

Naval battle of World War II (June 1942); American planes based on land and on carriers decisively defeated a Japanese fleet on its way to invade US Islands in the pacific.

Back 7

Battle of Midway

Front 8

The __________________________ is considered by many historians to have been the turning point in World War Two in Europe. It bled the German army dry in Russia and after this defeat, the Germany Army was in full retreat.

Back 8

Battle of Stalingrad

Front 9

On a wintery mid-December day in 1944, three powerful German armies plunged into the semi-mountainous, heavily forested Ardennes region of eastern Belgium and northern Luxembourg causing 81,000 American casualties, including 23,554 captured and 19,000 killed.

Back 9

Battle of the Bulge

Front 10

German for 'lightning war'. A military strategy used by the Germans at the beginning of World War II to achieve victory through a series of quick offensives, especially in Belgium, Holland and France.

Back 10

Blitzkrieg

Front 11

Immediately upon their assumption of power on January 30, 1933, the Nazis established ___________________ for the imprisonment of all "enemies" of their regime: actual and potential political opponents (e.g. communists, socialists, monarchists), Jehovah's Witnesses, gypsies, homosexuals, and other "asocials." Beginning in 1938, Jews were targeted for internment solely because they were Jews.

Back 11

Concentration/death camps

Front 12

The Allied landings on the beaches of Normandy in France on June 6, 1944.

Back 12

D-Day

Front 13

The ________________ is the B-29 Superfortress bomber that dropped "Little Boy", the first atomic bomb ever used in warfare,

Back 13

Enola Gay

Front 14

The deliberate and systematic destruction of an entire people who belong to one racial, political, cultural or religious group.

Back 14

Genocide

Front 15

Where the only two atomic bombs used in war were dropped?

Back 15

Hiroshima/Nagasaki

Front 16

The word, _________, derives from Greek words, meaning complete destruction, usually by fire.

Back 16

Holocaust

Front 17

____________ is the informal term commonly used to describe the civilian populace of the nation at war as an active support system.

Back 17

Home front

Front 18

The ______________ took place between the United States and Japan in February and March 1945 during the Pacific Campaign of World War II. The U.S. invasion, known as Operation Detachment, was charged with the mission of capturing airfields.

Back 18

Battle of Iwo Jima

Front 19

Under __________________ guidance, the laboratories at Los Alamos were constructed. There, he brought the best minds in physics to work on the problem of creating an atomic bomb.

Back 19

J. Robert Oppenheimer

Front 20

____________________________ was the forced removal and internment of approximately 120,000 Japanese and Japanese Americans (62% of whom were United States citizens) from the West Coast of the United States during World War II.

Back 20

Japanese American internment

Front 21

'The night of broken glass': a state organized pogrom where Jews were beaten and deported that took place throughout Nazi Germany on 9-10 November 1938.

Back 21

Kristallnacht

Front 22

In October of 1944 the world watched as he dramatically waded ashore at Leyte, and in the following months liberated the rest of the Philippines. On September 2, 1945, he presided over the Japanese surrender on board the "U.S.S. Missouri," bringing an end to World War II.

Back 22

Douglas MacArthur

Front 23

In 1939, the Nazis were rumored to be developing an atomic bomb. The United States initiated its own program under the Army Corps of Engineers in June 1942.

Back 23

Manhattan Project

Front 24

The plan that helped rebuild Europe after WWII.

Back 24

Marshall Plan

Front 25

NATO

Back 25

North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)

Front 26

This group of Native Americans help the US develop an unbreakable code.

Back 26

Navajo code talkers

Front 27

People, or a person, of Japanese ancestry and the first generation to be born abroad.

Back 27

Nisei

Front 28

Codenamed Operation Overlord, was the long awaited Allied invasion of France and the opening of the Second Front during World War II. The initial invasion, which began on June 6, 1944 was commonly known as D-Day.

Back 28

Normandy invasion

Front 29

Most of the defendants admitted to the war crimes of which they were accused, although most claimed that they were simply following the orders of a higher authority.

Back 29

Nuremberg Trials

Front 30

The 7 December 1941 Japanese raid on __________ was one of the great defining moments in history.

Back 30

Pearl Harbor

Front 31

A type of message aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of people. Often, instead of impartially providing information, it can be deliberately misleading, or using logical fallacies, which, while sometimes convincing, are not necessarily valid. ..

Back 31

Propaganda

Front 32

Massacre inflicted in Chinese city by invading Japanese troops.

Back 32

Rape of Nanking

Front 33

During World War II numerous challenges confronted the American people. The government found it necessary to _______ food, gas, and even clothing during that time.

Back 33

Ration

Front 34

The only 4 term president that served during WWII

Back 34

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Front 35

The _____________________ were dedicated, determined young men who enlisted to become America's first black military airmen, at a time when there were many people who thought that black men lacked intelligence, skill, courage and patriotism.

Back 35

Tuskegee Airmen

Front 36

Many experts agree that defeat of the ________________ and control of the shipping lanes linking the Allied nations of Great Britain, United States and Canada was a key factor if the Allied nations were to invade occupied Europe and the heartland of Germany itself.

Back 36

German U-Boats

Front 37

The unconditional surrender of Germany was signed at Rheims on May 7, 1945 and ratified at Berlin on May 8, 1945.

Back 37

V-E Day

Front 38

The government turned to its citizens and encouraged them to plant ________________. They wanted individuals to provide their own fruits and vegetables.

Back 38

Victory gardens

Front 39

On August 15, 1945 Americans celebrated the defeat of Japan.

Back 39

V-J Day

Front 40

Issued by the U.S. Government, they were first called Defense Bonds.

Back 40

War Bonds

Front 41

1985 agreement between the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), Hungary, Poland, and Romania signed in Warsaw and extend 1955 Treaty on Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance

Back 41

Warsaw Pact

Front 42

An international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues.

Back 42

United Nations

Front 43

In an effort to stop the spread of communism Truman in March 12, 1947 announced the _______________ which signaled America's post war embrace of global leadership and ended its longstanding policy of isolationism.

Back 43

Truman Doctrine

Front 44

American Communists who received international attention when they were executed having been found guilty of conspiracy to commit espionage in relation to passing information on the American nuclear bomb to the Soviet Union.

Back 44

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

Front 45

A political term that refers to a country which is formally independent, but under heavy influence or control by another country.

Back 45

Satellite nations

Front 46

A cultural icon of the United States, representing the six million women who worked in the manufacturing plants that produced munitions and materiel during World War II.

Back 46

Rosie the Riveter

Front 47

The term has been retroactively applied to two distinct periods of strong anti-Communism in United States history: first from 1917 to 1920, and second from the late 1940s through the late 1950s.

Back 47

Red scare

Front 48

A military alliance established 4 April 1949 with headquarters in Brussels some of which members are US, France, Great Britain.

Back 48

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Front 49

A term describing the intense anti-communist suspicion in the United States in a period that lasted roughly from the late 1940s to the late 1950s. Originally coined to criticize the actions of U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy.

Back 49

McCarthyism

Front 50

Was an escalation of a civil war between two rival Korean regimes. Communist North Korean Army moved south on June 25, 1950 to attempt to reunite the Korean peninsula, which had been formally divided since 1948

Back 50

Korean War

Front 51

The was the symbolic, ideological, and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II until the end of the Cold War, roughly 1945 to 1991.

Back 51

"Iron Curtain"

Front 52

A committee (1938–75) of the U.S. House of Representatives, created to investigate disloyalty and subversive organizations. Its first chairman, Martin Dies, set the pattern for its anti-Communist investigations.

Back 52

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

Front 53

Conscription is a general term for involuntary military service.

Back 53

Draft

Front 54

A term used to refer to a strategy in any field of potential conflict of being prepared to inflict unacceptable damage on an aggressor, and making sure the potential aggressor is aware of the risk so that he refrains from aggression.

Back 54

Deterrence

Front 55

Refers to the German Nazis' plan to engage in systematic genocide against the European Jewish population during World War II.

Back 55

Final Solution

Front 56

Was a military confrontation between the United States of America, the Soviet Union, and Cuba during the Cold War. The Russians call it the "Caribbean Crisis," while the Cubans call it the "October Crisis."

Back 56

Cuban Missile Crisis

Front 57

Refers to the foreign policy strategy of the United States in the early years of the Cold War. Its policy was to stop what it called the domino effect of nations moving politically towards Soviet Union-based communism, rather than European-American-based capitalism.

Back 57

Containment

Front 58

Was the period of conflict, tension and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies from the mid-1940s until the early 1990s.

Back 58

Cold War

Front 59

This is the name given to freedoms that protect the individual from government. They set limits for government so that it cannot abuse its power and interfere with the lives of its citizens.

Back 59

Civil liberties

Front 60

The ________________ was a competition for supremacy in nuclear weapons between the United States, the Soviet Union and their respective allies during the Cold War.

Back 60

Arms race

Front 61

The 1961 _______________ Invasion was an unsuccessful attempted invasion by armed Cuban exiles in southwest Cuba, planned and funded by the United States, in an attempt to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro.

Back 61

Bay of Pigs

Front 62

A barrier separating West Berlin from East Berlin and the rest of East Germany during the cold war.

Back 62

Berlin Wall