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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Role of monarch |
Made important decisions w advice of privy council |
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Role of lords liuetenant |
Members of nobility In charge of raising and training local militia Oversaw enforcement of police |
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JPs |
Large landowners Kept law and order Unpaid Reported to privy council Job position of status Made sure policies carried out |
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Role of court |
To entertain and advise the monarch |
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Privy council role |
19 members, chosen by monarch Met 3x week Debated current issues + advised Elizabeth Oversaw law and order Monitored JPs and pariliament |
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Role of parliament |
Two houses Called by monarch Passed laws Few could vote |
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Problems initially facing elizabeth |
Wasn’t married Female Financial weaknesses French threat in Scotland French threat in Calais |
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Elizabeth’s strengrhs |
Intelligent and educated Charismatic and confident Well liked generally Held control well |
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Elizabeth’s weaknesses |
Gender Despised by puritans Stubborn and insecure Couldn’t lead army into battle |
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Catholic beliefs (4) |
Church important intermediary betweengod and people Pope head Church can forgive sins Mass important |
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Catholic practises (4) |
Services in Latin Priest important Priests can’t marry Bread wine symbolise Jesus’ flesh and blood |
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Catholic support - where? (4) |
North west England Spain France Scotland |
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Protestant beliefs (3) |
No pope Monarch head of church Sins only forgiven by god |
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Protestants practices (4) |
Services in English Priests can marry Individual worship more important Bread wine symbolises last supper |
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Protestant support - where? (4) |
London South east England Netherlands German states |
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Puritan beliefs |
Wanted to purify Christian religion Removed everything that wasn’t in bible Extreme Protestants |
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Puritan practices |
Basic No altar Individual worship v important |
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Puritan where support? |
London |
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When was English reformation |
1532 |
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What was the reformerion |
Henry VIII Catholicism - Protestantism Monarch in charge of religion |
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Catholic areas? |
North west, and diocese More remote = more catholic |
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Protestant areas? |
London east anglia and south east Links with Netherlands = more Protestant |
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When was religious settlement |
1559 |
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3 features of religious settlement |
Act of supremacy Act of uniformity Royal injunctions |
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Act of supremacy? |
Made Elizabeth supreme governor High commission established w job of maintaining discipline |
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Act of uniformity? |
Established appearance of churches and form of services held Wording of book of prayer deliberately unclear Priests had to wear special clothes Those who didn’t attend church were punished |
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Royal injunctions? |
Queens instructions to clergy - had to teach everyone about royal supremacy - each parish to have copy of bible in English - clergy to wear special vestments |
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Protestant benefits to settlement (2) |
Royal injunctions stared all parishes to have English bible (catholics wanted services in Latin) Royal injunctions stared pilgrimages to ‘fake’ miracles banned (catholic’s thought this was important) |
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Catholic benefits to settlement (2) |
Royal injunctions stated all priests had to wear special robes (Protestants thought shld be plain) Royal injunctions allowed images in churches (Protestants thoufjt statues were bad as idols) |
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Compromised benefits to settlement (3) |
Elizabeth head of church (catholic’s wanted pope, Protestants wanted local leadership) Act of uniformity ordered everyone to attend church Book of prayer ambiguous (dif beliefs ab the bread and wine) |
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Challenge to settlement in 1550s? |
Dislike in Netherlands about Spanish interference Netherlands belonged to Spain. Philip wanted to make the Netherlands catholic so brought in an army |
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Challnge yo settlement in 1560? |
Crucifix controversy Elizabeth wanted crucifixes. When Puritan bishops threatened to resign, Elizabeth backed down. However insisted on keeping one in the royal chapel |
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Challenge to settlement in 1562? |
Religious war in France Had potential to threaten her realm by encouraging conflict in England. She helped french Protestants. Her policy failed, Protestants later made peace with the catholic’s |
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Challenge to settlement in 1563? |
Phillip of Spain banned English cloth import to Netherlands Elizabeth worried spainand France might form an alliance against her |
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Challenge to settlement in 1564? |
Treaty of Troyes Meant Calais belonged to France; England lost it. Embarrassing |
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Challenge to settlement in 1565-6 |
Vestment controversy Not all clergy following this rule. Exhibition held, of the 110 invited 37 refused and lost their posts |
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Challenge to settlement in 1567? |
Dutch Protestant revolt put down by spain and duke of alba Elisabeth concerned as did not want to be seen as Europe’s leading Protestant monarch Army within easy striking distance of England Privy council wanted her to go to war |
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Other Challenge to settlement 1567 |
Sea beggers Pirates - elisabeth allowed them to shelter in English harbours Angered Phillip because he was sending supplies to his troops, which were being taken away |
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Challenge to settlement in 1568 |
Genoese loan Spanish ships had gold from Italian bankers from genoa These ships took refuge from sea beggers, Elizabeth took money for herself Angered Phillip |
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Challenge to settlement in 1569 |
Northern rebellion Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland led a revolt which stormed Durham cathedral Defeated by royal army -Elizabeth sent troops, showing her power |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1559 |
Rebellion Scottish Protestant Lorda’ rebellion begins agains Mary guise |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1560 Elizabeth helps |
Helped the lords defeat Mary of guise (Lorda didn’t like the french catholic influence) Elisabeth sent money to help the rebels, eventually sent troops too |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1560 treaty of Edinburgh |
Treaty said Mary queen of Scots wld give up her claim to the throne Mary never apporved, wanted to be named as heir - Elizabeth had no intention |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1560 Mary displays England’s coat kf arms |
To show claim to the throne |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1561 Elizabeth refuses |
To name Mary as her heir |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1561 Mary returns |
To Scotland after death of her husband, France II of France |
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Mary Elizabeth relationship 1565 |
Mary married lord darney (claim to throne) |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1566 |
Mary gives birth to boy |
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Mary Elizabeth relationship 1567 murder of darney |
Mary married earl of bothwell Scottish Protestant Lorda rebelled against her |
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Elizabeth Mary relationship 1568 Scottish rebellion |
Mary escapes, raised army against the lords but defeated Flees to England |
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Mary Elizabeth relationship 1569 plot |
Mary implicated in plot against Elizabeth, places under house arrest in England |
