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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Three states of sound
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1. Physical
2. As human perception 3. As an idea (art) |
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Five Physical Dimensions of Sound
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Frequency, Amplitude, Timbre, Space, Time
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Timbre
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Overall quality of sound
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What are the three component parts of timbre?
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Dynamic Envelope, Spectrum, Spectral Envelope
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How is dynamic envelope different from the spectrum?
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Dyanamic Enevelope: countour of changes in overall dyanamic level
Spectrum: Composite of all of the frequency components of the sound |
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Fundamental Frequency
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the most prominent frequency
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How are harmonics and overtones related to the fundamental frequency?
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Harmonics/ Subharmonics: whole number multiples of the frequency
Overtones/ Subtones: not proportionately related |
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Partials
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individual frequency components
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Six elements of a dynamic envelope
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Attack (time)
Initial decay (time) Initial sustain level Secondary decay (time) Primary sustain level Final decay (release time |
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Two parts of the spectral envelope
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Prefix or onset: the initial attack
Body: the remainder of the sound |
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Frequency
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the number of similar, cyclical displacements in the medium (air) per time unit
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Amplitude
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the amount of displacement of the medium at any moment, within each cycle of the waveform
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Decibels
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the magnitude of displacement in relation to a reference level
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Peak amplitude
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either maximum positive or negative signal level
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Peak-to-peak
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total of maximum positive and negative signal level
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Root mean square [rms]
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average level of the waveform that more closely approximates the level perceived by our ears
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Direct Sound
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sound that travels directly to the listener
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Reflected Sound
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sound that will bounce off reflective surfaces before arriving at the listener
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Reverberant Sound
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the composite of many reflections of the sound arriving at the receptor in close succession
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Reverberation Time [RT60]
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]: the length of time required for the reflections to reach amplitude of 60 dB lower than that of the original sound source
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Early Reflection
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reflections that arrive at the receptor about 50 ms of direct sound (early sound field)
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