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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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VEGETABLES high in Potassium-Rich Foods
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-Avocado - Raw carrot
-Baked potato -Raw tomato -Spinach |
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MEATS AND FISH high in Potassium-Rich Foods
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-Beef - Cod
-Pork -Veal |
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FRUITS high in Potassium-Rich Foods
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-Dried fruits (e.g., raisins and dates)
-Banana -Apricot -Cantaloupe -Orange |
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BEVERAGES high in Potassium-Rich Foods
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-Milk
-Orange juice -Apricot nectar |
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Electrolytes are important for:
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■ Maintaining fluid balance
■ Contributing to acid–base regulation ■ Facilitating enzyme reactions ■ Transmitting neuromuscular reactions |
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Sodium is found in many foods,and found in high levels in foods such as
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-bacon
-ham -processed cheese -table salt |
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which electroyltes must be ingested daily because the body can’t conserve it
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sodiumchloride and potassium,
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Normal serum sodium levelsare
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135 to 145 mEq/L.
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ICF levels of potassium are usually ______ while normal serum potassium levels are
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125 to 140 mEq/L,
3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. |
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The ratio of intracellular to extracellularpotassium must be maintained for
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neuromuscular response to stimuli.
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Potassium is a vital electrolyte for . |
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle activity |
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Which electrolyte IS involved in maintaining acid–base balance, and it contributes to intracellular enzyme reactions
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Potassium
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Which electrolyte function as ■ Regulating ECF volume and distribution■ Maintaining blood volume ■ Transmitting nerve impulses and contracting muscles |
Sodium (Na)
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What is the regulation of na |
■ Renal reabsorption or excretion ■ Aldosterone increases Na reabsorption in collecting duct of nephrons |
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What is the regulation of Potassium (K)
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■ Renal excretion
■ Aldosterone increases K excretion ■ Movement into and out of cells ■ Insulin helps move K into cells; tissue damageand acidosis shift K out of cells into ECF |
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What is the Function of Potassium (K) |
■ Maintaining ICF osmolality ■ Transmitting nerve and electrical impulses ■ Skeletal and smooth muscle function ■ Regulating acid–base balance ■ Regulating cardiac impulse transmission and muscle contraction |
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Which electrolytes function as a ■ Regulating acid–base balance■ Buffer in oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange in RBCs |
Chloride (Cl)
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Which electrolyte is, the Major body buffer involved in acid–base regulation |
Bicarbonate (HCO3) |
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Phosphate (PO4) function as |
■ Forming bones and teeth ■ Metabolizing carbohydrate, protein, and fat ■ Cellular metabolism; producing ATP and DNA■ Muscle, nerve, and RBC function ■ Regulating acid–base balance ■ Regulating calcium levels |
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Which electrolyte ■ Transmitting nerve impulses ■ Regulating muscle contractions ■ Maintaining cardiac pacemaker (automaticity)■ Blood clotting |
Calcium (Ca2)
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Which electro ■ Intracellular metabolism ■ Operating sodium-potassium pump ■ Relaxing muscle contractions ■ Transmitting nerve impulses ■ Regulating cardiac function |
Magnesium (Mg2) |
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Foods rich in ca |
Milk and milk products arethe richest sources of calcium, with other foods such as darkgreen leafy vegetables and canned salmon containing smalleramounts
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What are the normal voulme of Magnesium (Mg2) |
normal serum levelof 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L.
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Foods rich in mg |
Cereal grains, -nuts, dried fruit, -legumes, green leafy vegetables are good sources in the diet, as are dairy products, meat, and fish. |
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What are the normal voulme cl
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normal serumlevels are 95 to 108 mEq/L
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What are the normal voulme phosate |
Normal serum levels in adults range from 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL. |
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Phosphate is absorbed from the intestine and is found in many foods such as |
meat, fish, poultry, milk products, and legumes all but veggies n fruit |
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Chvostek’s sign isa
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contraction of the facial muscles in response to tapping the facial nerve in front of the ear
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-Trousseau’s sign is a
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carpal spasm in response to inflating a blood pressure cuff on the upper arm to 20 mmHg greater than the systolic pressure for 2 to 5 minutes
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When are u likely to see chvosteck and trousseaus |
Hypocalcemia |
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Potassium may be given intravenously for severehypokalemia. It must always be diluted appropriately andnever be given IV push. Potassium that is to be given IVshould be mixed in the pharmacy and double-checked prior toadministration by two nurses. The usual concentration of IVpotassium is 20 to 40 mEq/L.
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just fyi |
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What electolyrws good for heart |
Mg2 , ca, k |
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Ranges of electrolytes |
135-145 na 125-140/ 3.5-5.0 k 95-108 cl 4.5-5.5 ca 2.5-4.5 po 1.5-2.5 mg
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