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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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proton
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positively charged particle
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neutron
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an uncharged particle
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electron
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negatively charged particle
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electric field
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the area that surrounds an electron
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static electricity
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the total electric charge on an object
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insulator
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a material that does not allow electrons to flow through it easily
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conductor
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material that allows electrons to flow through it easily
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electroscope
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a device that can detect the presence of electric charges
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circuit
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closed path or loop through which electrons can flow
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current
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the flow through the wire or conductor in the circuit until the circuit is broken,
measured in volts |
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resistance
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the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons, measured in Ohms
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superconductors
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conductors that provide no resistance to electric flow, exist at very low temperatures
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voltage
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measures the difference in energy between the negative and positive terminals of a battery
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magnetism
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the property of matter where there is an attractive force between two unlike poles and a repulsive force between two like poles
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fuse
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A device with a small piece of metal. When the current gets too hot, the metal will break and the current will no longer flow
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magnetic domain
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the group of atoms whose magnetic poles are all aligned in the same direction
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electromagnet
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An iron core with a wire wrapped around it. When a current runs through the wire, it creates a strong temporary magnet.
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electric motor
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A device that changes electrical energy into mechanical energy
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electromagnetic induction
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the process of moving a wire through a magnetic field to produce an electric field
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generator
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a device that produces an electric current by rotating a loop of wire in a magnetic field
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alternating current (AC)
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current that changes direction on a regular basis
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circuit breaker
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A device with a small piece of metal. When current gets too hot, the metal will bend and the current will no longer flow.
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magnetic poles
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the ends of a magnet
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transformer
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A device that increases or decreases the voltage of an alternating current
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direct current (DC)
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current that does not change direction
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magnetic field
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the are around the magnet where the magnetic force has an influence
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Ohm's Law
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V=IR
relates voltage, current, and resistance |
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Parallel circuit
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a circuit which splits up to move through separate branches
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strongest point of the magnetic field
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north and south poles
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Before current in power lines can enter your home, it must pass through what?
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a step-down transformer
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Why may the presence of nearby iron or steel materials make the reading of a compass incorrect?
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The iron or steel will attract the compass, making the north end point to the iron or steel instead of the true north.
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Why do iron filings align themselves with a magnetic field?
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because of their magnetic domains
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What happens when you bring two magnetic poles together?
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like poles - repel
unlike poles - attract |
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Why is it impossible for magnetic field lines to intersect?
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The compass would have to pint in two directions, which is impossible, there cannot be two norths
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Relationship between electrons and magnetism
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Electrons, when they flow in a current, create electricity and can create an electromagnet. Magnetism, through electromagnetic induction, creates an electric current, or flow of electrons.
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What are two ways to make an electromagnet stronger?
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-add more coils
-increase the current strength |
