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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electric Circuit
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A path (made up of a voltage source and a resistor), in which electrons from a voltage or a current source flow.
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Charged
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Having an electric charge.
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Electric Charge
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A physical property of matter which causes a force to be experienced when near other electrically charged matter.
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Electric Current
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A flow of an electric charge (by moving electrons in a conductor), through a medium.
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Static Electricity
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A stationary charge of electricity, when there is an imbalance in electrons. Usually caused by friction.
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Unbalanced Charges
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When the charges of two objects are opposite each other, causing the two to attract.
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Laws of Charges
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Objects have the tendency to repel or attract to one another. Like charges repel one another and unlike charges attract one another.
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Insulators
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Allow very little electron movement and have tightly bound valence electrons.
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Conductors
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Allow free electron movement. Metals tend to be very good conductors.
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Semiconductors
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Have pretty much no resistance to electron flow. Has a level of conductivity between the level of an insulator and a conductor.
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Superconductors
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Offer little, if any, resistance to electron flow. Capable of becoming superconducting at very low temperatures.
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Electrostatic Discharge
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The release of static electricity when two objects make contact. It happens when there is an imbalance of electrons between the two objects.
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Grounding
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A safety precaution used to prevent accidental contact with an electrical hazard.
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Battery
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A source of power. It is a container containing 1+ cells, carrying an electrical charge.
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Battery
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A source of power. It is a container containing 1+ cells, carrying an electrical charge.
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Switch
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A device used in an electrical circuit to either turn on or turn off the connections.
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Resistor
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Allows electron flow but provides some resistance as well. Between an insulator and a conductor. Designed to provide resistance to the flow of an electrical current.
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Loads
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Affects the performance of circuits that output voltages or currents. The more loads their are, the less current and more resistance there is.
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Voltage
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The total energy required to move a small electric charge along a path, between two ends of that path.
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Amperes
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The unit used to measure electrical current.
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Galvonometer
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A device used to detect and measure small/weak electrical currents. Measures in milliamps
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Ammeter
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A device used to measure electrical current. Measures in amps (amperes).
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Potential Difference
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The difference in electrical charge between two points in an electrical circuit. Measured in volts.
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Resistance
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An object's rejection to electrical current. Measured in Ohms
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Ohm
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The unit used to measure resistance in an electrical current.
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Ohm's Law
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Voltage=Current x Resistance.
Current=Voltage/Resistance Resistance=Voltage/Current Electrical current is directly proportional to voltage and is inversely proportional to resistance. |
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Series Circuit
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A circuit with two or more Resistance units wired so that the Current must pass through one unit before reaching the other.
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Parallel Circuit
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A closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit.
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Electric Energy
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The potential energy of an electric charge in an electric field, or of an electric current in a magnetic field
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Heat
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A form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature
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Thermocouple
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A kind of thermometer consisting of two wires of different metals that are joined at both ends; one junction is at the temperature to be measured and the other is held at a fixed lower temperature
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Thermo-electric Generator
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A device that converts heat directly into electrical energy.
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Thermopile
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A junction of thermocouples in series used for measuring the radicancy of heat.
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Piezoelectric Effect
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Electricity produced by mechanical pressure on certain crystals.
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Photovoltaic Cell
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A solid state device that uses the photovoltaic effect to generate electrical energy using the potential difference that arises between materials when the surface of the cell is exposed to electromagnetic radiation.
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Electrodes
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A conductor through which electricity enters or leaves an object.
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Electrolyte
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A substance that conducts electricity when in solution.
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Fuel Cell
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A cell producing an electric current directly from a chemical reaction
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Electric Generator
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A device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy
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Magnetism
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A non-contact force, a category of behavior of materials that respond at an atomic or subatomic level to an applied magnetic field
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Electromagnet
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A soft metal core made into a magnet by the passage of electric current through a coil surrounding it
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Domains
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The basic mechanism by which certain materials form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets.
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Alternating Current
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An electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies
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Alternators
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Generators that produces an alternating current
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Direct Current
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An electric current flowing in one direction only
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Dynamo
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A machine for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy; a generator
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Power
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Energy that is produced by mechanical, electrical, or other means and used to operate a device
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Watt
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A unit used to measure power.
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Hydro-electric Plants
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A plant in which the turbine generators are driven by falling water.
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Non-renewable resources
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Natural resources that can be used up completely or else used up to such a degree that it is economically impractical to obtain any more of them
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Fission Products
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Are the atomic fragments left after a large atomic nucleus fissions
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Nuclear Fission
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A nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy
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Thermonuclear
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Relating to or using nuclear reactions that occur only at very high temperatures
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Flare Gas
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Unwanted natural gas that is disposed of by burning as it is released from an oil field or at gas processing plants.
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Rotor
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The rotating armature of a motor or generator
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Stator
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The stationary portion of an electric generator or motor
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Transformers
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An apparatus for reducing or increasing the voltage of an alternating current
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Circuit Breakers
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A device that trips like a switch and opens the circuit when overloaded.
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Fuse
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A safety device consisting of a thin strip of metal that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level.
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Neutral Wire
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Carries electricity from an outlet back to the service panel
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Hot Wire
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The wire that carries electrical energy to a receptacle or other device
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Ground Wire
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An electrical conductor leading directly or indirectly to the earth.
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Short Circuit
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Accidental contact between two points in an electric circuit that have a potential difference
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Open pit mining
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A method of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow
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Scrubbers
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An air pollution control device that uses a high energy liquid spray to remove aerosol and gaseous pollutants from an air stream.
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Greenhouse gases
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Gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range
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Thermal Pollution
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A reduction in water quality caused by increasing its temperature, often due to disposal of waste heat from industrial or power generation processes.
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Cogeneration
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The use of a heat engine or a power station to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat.
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Geothermal Energy
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Energy produced by the internal heat of the earth
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