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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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FRICTION |
when 2 objects are rubbed together |
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How can objects be charged? |
1) Friction 2) conduction 3) induction |
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CONDUCTION |
a charged object touching an uncharged object |
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INDUCTION |
rearranging charges within an object without touching it. |
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STATIC ELECTRICITY |
build up of electric charges on an object |
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ELECTRIC DISCHARGE |
when a build up of charge leaves an object (lightning) |
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CONDUCTORS |
material through which charges can move freely (metals) |
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INSULATORS |
material through which charges cannot move easily ( plastic, rubber, glass, dry air) |
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SEMICONDUCTORS |
in-between a conductor and insulator (silicon, germanium) |
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TRANSISTORS |
semiconductors devices that are used to amplify signals or turn the electricity on or off |
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DIODES |
semiconductor devices that act like a one-way valve to control the flow of electricity |
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ELECTRIC CURRENT |
The rate of flow of electric charges |
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VOLTAGE |
the amount of energy behind a moving charge |
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RESISTANCE |
the opposition to the flow of moving charges |
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FACTORS that affect RESISTANCE |
1) composition 2) thickness 3) temperature |
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COMPOSITION |
wires made from different materials have a different resistance ( copper vs. iron) |
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THICKNESS |
Thicker and shorter wires have less resistance. Thinner and longer wires have more resistance. |
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TEMPERATURE |
A hotter wire has higher resistance than a cooler wire. |
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ELECTRIC CIRCUIT |
A complete closed path through which electric charges can flow. |
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SERIES CIRCUIT |
All parts are connected in a row that forms one path for the electric charges to follow. -if one bulb burns out all bulbs will be out. -All bulbs share current and become dimmer with each additional bulb.
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PARALLEL CIRCUIT |
Electric charges have more than one path that they can follow. -any bulb can burn out without opening the circuit -all bulbs shine with maximum brightness |
