Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What type of waveform was developed specifically for quadriceps muscle strengthening?
It uses a medium frequency AC with a frequency of 2500Hz delivered in 50 bursts/sec. Each burst if 10 ms long with a 10 ms interburst interval. |
Russian Protocol
pg 238 |
|
|
What are the precautions for the use of ultrasound?
|
• Acute Inflammation - ultrasound intended to produce heat should be applied with caution since heat can exacerbate acute inflammation.
• Epiphyseal Plates - this topic is controversial. At this time, it is recommended that high-dose ultrasound not be applied over growing epiphyseal plates. • Fractures - high intensity ultrasound over a fracture causes pain. It may also impair healing. Only low-dose should be applied over a fracture. • Breast Implants - heat may increase the pressure inside an implant and cause it to rupture. High-dose ultrasound should not be used over implants. pg 191 |
|
|
What are the contraindications for the use of ultrasound?
|
• Malignant Tumor - there is a possibility that ultrasound can increase tumor growth or metastasis. Consult the referring physician before applying.
• Pregnancy - due to possible development abnormalities, therapeutic ultrasound should not be used at any level in areas where it may reach a developing fetus. Avoid the abdomen, low back and pelvis. • Central Nervous System Tissue - avoid applying over or near the area of a laminectomy. • Joint Cement - this material is rapidly heated by ultrasound • Plastic Components - this material is rapidly heated by ultrasound • Pacemaker - avoid the area of a pacemaker to prevent heating it up or interfering with the circuitry. • Thrombophlebitis - ultrasound may cause it to become dislodged or may cause partial disintegration, leading to obstruction of the circulation to vital organs. • Eyes - cavitation in the ocular fluid may damage the eyes. • Reproductive Organs - it is possible for ultrasound to affect gamete development so it is recommended that it not be applied in the areas of the male or female reproductive organs. pg 189 |
|
|
What are the indications for the use of ultrasound?
|
• Soft Tissue Shortening - increasing the temperature of soft tissue temporarily increases its extensibility which increases the effectiveness of stretching.
• Pain Control - ultrasound may control pain by altering its transmission or perception or by modifying the underlying cause of the pain. • Dermal Ulcers - Ultrasound may accelerate the healing of vascular and pressure ulcers. A noncontact kilohertz device combine with saline mist is used for wound maintenance and debridement. • Surgical Skin Incisions - Noncontact kilohertz ultrasound therapy has been shown to enhance angiogenesis and collagen deposition. • Tendon and Ligament Injuries - low-dose, pulsed ultrasound is recommended to facilitate healing in both of these injuries. • Resorption of Calcium Deposits - although the mechanism underlying the resorption of calcium deposits is unknown, the decrease in pain and improvements in function may be a result of the reduced inflammation. • Bone Fractures - use low-dose to accelerate fracture healing time. • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - pulsed ultrasound has been shown to provide anti-inflammatory and tissue stimulating effects • Phonophoresis -ultrasound enhances the delivery of topical drug application. pg 181-187 |
|
|
What physical agent heats deeper than hot packs and heats a larger area than ultrasound?
|
Diathermy
pg 386 |
