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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Views of Elbow evaluation |
AP elbow in the anatomical position Lateral with the elbow at 90deg and forearm in neutral Oblique with elbow extended (Pronated forearm - internal oblique // Supinated forearm,: external oblique) |
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What do you see in each elbow projection? |
Distal Humerus, proximal ulna and radius |
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What to Assess in AP Elbow |
ABCS Carrying angle - increase/decrease may be sign of fracture of posttraumatic deformity |
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What to Assess in Lateral Elbow |
ABCs Adults-concentric circles Kids normal position of capitulum Fat pads |
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What can you see in Internal and External Oblique Elbow views? |
Internal: Done in pronation allows coronoid process of ulna to be seen External: Done in supination allows radial head to be seen |
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What soft tissue signs can be seen on a radiograph |
Fat Pad Sign: Displaced tissue due to effusion Abnormal supinatior line: blurred supinator muscle in radial head fractures |
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What can the different imaging types show for Elbow Trauma |
Radiograph: Fracture, dislocation, subluxation CT/MRI: Osteochondral fx, complex fx, subtle fx MRI/MRA/US: Soft tissue injuries |
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Postive fat pad sign |
Displaced from bony fossa due to joint effusion |
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Abnormal supinator line |
Fat plane overlying the muscle will be elevated and widened in all cases of radial head fracture |
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Classifications of elbow fractures? |
Supracondylar (children) Transcondylar Intercondylar (adults) Condylar Articular Epicondylar |
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How are elbow dislocations desccribed? |
By the direction the elbow is displaced relative to the distal humerus Most elbow dislocations involve both the radius and ulna displaced posterior or posterolateral |
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What is epicondylitis |
Overuse characterized by tendinitis folllowed by teninosis |
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Medial vs Lateral Epicondylitis |
ME: Overuse of the wrist flexors LE: Overuse of the Wrist extensors |
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What is Capitellum Osteochondritis Dissecans |
Local joint injury where a cartilage segment and subchondral bone seperate from the articular surface MRI or US to diagnose early stage |
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How is OCD seen in Radiographs |
No Abnormalities in early stages Sclerotic rim Irregular ossification Flattened capitulum Radiolucency due to hyperemia Bony Defect Seperation of osteochondral fragments |
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What is Weissman's Paradox |
Severity of degenerative changes evident on radiographs do not always reflect the severity of clinical symptoms. Excellent f unction may exist with distorted anatomy. |
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Pronated Oblique |
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Supinated Oblique
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Hemarthrosis resultsin an upward displacement of the anterior fat pad and a backward displacementthe posterior fat. i |
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Fat pad sail sign suggest occult fracture |
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Galeazzi Fx: Fx of radius with dislocation of the distal ulna |
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Monteggia Fx: Fx of the ulna with dislocation of the proximal radius
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Capitellum Osteochondritis Dissecans |
