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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The pressure or resistance against which the ventricles must pump to eject blood
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Afterload
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Occlusion of this vessel has been referred to as the "widow maker" because of its association with sudden death
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left main coronary artery
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A repetitive pumping process that includes all of the events associated with the flow of blood throught the heart
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Cardiac cycle
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Blood flows from the right atrium through the ----- valve into the right vintricle
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triscuspid
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The amount of blood pumped into the aorta each minute by the heart
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Cardiac output
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A double walled sac that encloses the heart and helps protect it from trauma and infection
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Pericardium
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A positive --- effect results in an increase in myocardial contraactility
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Inotropic
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Blood flows from the left atrium throught the ---valve into the left ventricle
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Mitral
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Specialized nerve tissue located in the internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch that detects changes in the blood pressure
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Baroreceptors
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The largest vein that drains the heart
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Coronary sinus
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Coronary artery that supplies the SA node and AV node in the most of the population
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Right coronary artery
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This results when the heart's demand for oxygen exceeds its supply from the coronary circulation
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myocardial ischemia
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a negative ---effect refers to a decrease in heart rate
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Chronotropic
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Sensors in the internal carotid arteries and aortic arch that detect changes in the concentration of hydrogen ions (PH) oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
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Chemoreceptors
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The amount of blood flowing into the right atrium each minute from the systemic circulation
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Venous return
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What is the path of blood flow?
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Body to the right heart then to the lungs the lungs to the left heart and the left heart to the body
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The heart anatomy
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four chambers of the heart the the right atrium received deoxygenated blood from the superior vena cava the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs vis the right and left pulmonary viens. the ventricles pump blood to the lungs and systemic circulation
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the right and left artium both receive ----
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Blood
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the right and left ventricles then pump the blood to
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the left ventricle to the systemic circulation and the left ventricle must contract forcefully and overcome arterial puressure and resistane
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the layers of the heart are
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endocardium mycocardium and epicardium
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epicardium
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external layer of the heart coronary arteries blood capillaries, lymph capillaries nerve fibers and fat are found in this layer
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myocardium
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middle and thickest layer of the heart responsible for contraction of the heart
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endocardium
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innermost layer of the heart lines the inside of the mycocarium covers the heart valves
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true or false the pulmonary circulation moves blood through the left side of the heart
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False
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The basics of cell firing
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cells begin with a negative charge resting membrane potential. Stimulus causes some Na+ channels to open. Na+ diffuses in making the cel more positive
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Which ion channels allow cardiac muscle to fire without a stimulus? Na, K, Ca2, CL
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Calcium
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