Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the parts of a nucleotide?
|
nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, phosphate grp
|
|
What are the 4 + 1(rna) nucleotides?
What are the 4 + 1 (rna) nucleosides? |
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine, Uracil
Adenosine, Cytidine, Guanosine, Thymidine, Uridine |
|
What is the difference between nucleosides and nucleotides?
|
Nucleosides are nucleotides without the phosphate group.
|
|
Pyrimidines
Purines |
Cytosine, Thymine
Adenine, Guanine |
|
What kind of bond links each nucleotide and where is it?
|
Phosophodiester bond between the phosphate group and the 3rd carbon of the pentose sugar. 5'-3'
|
|
How are the two strands of DNA held together?
|
Hydrogen bonds.
|
|
How many bonds are formed between complimentary base pairs?
|
A to T: 2 H bonds
C to G: 3 H bonds |
|
Which enzyme unzips DNA in preparation for replication?
|
DNA Helicase
|
|
Which enzyme creates the new complimentary DNA strand?
|
DNA polymerase
Moves 3'-5' and polymerizes 5'-3' |
|
What is the complex (DNA during replication along with the required enzymes) called?
|
Replisome
|
|
The strand which is being polymerized continuously in the 5' to 3' manner is called...
|
Leading strand
|
|
The strand which is polymerized in fragments is called...
|
Lagging strand
|
|
Which enzyme links the various fragments on the lagging strand together?
|
DNA ligase
|
|
The promoter binds here
|
Consensus sequence
|
|
What is a difference between transcription and replications?
|
There is no proofreading system for transcription. RNA has a 1/2 life of 30 minutes.
|
|
Ribosome has two subunits. The large one has which sites?
|
P site and A site.
A = amino acid site P = polypeptide site |
|
The start codon is
|
AUG or methionine
|
|
The complimentary of the start codon is ___ and it is called the ____.
|
CAU - read 5' to 3', sits in the P site
anti-codon |
|
Where does translation take place?
|
Cytosol - protein translated here is usually used here
RER - thrusted into lumen |
|
Mutation in the chromosome is called?
|
Chromosomal aberration
|
|
Name disorders caused by chromosomal aberrations.
|
Downs Syndrome - trisomy 21
|
|
Name some base pair mutations
|
insertion, deletion
|
|
Which chromosome pair designates gender in humans?
|
Chromosome pair 23, XY, XX
|
|
What are the phases of mitosis?
|
Remember PMAT:
Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase |
|
What happens during prophase?
|
Nuclear membrane disintegrates
chrom condense centriole move to opposite poles of cell spindle apparatus are formed by microtubules |