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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acculturation
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In earlier societies, education was synonymous w/ ____________.
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Education-
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a group’s formal system of teaching knowledge, values, and skills
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Universal schooling
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standardized texts would instill patriotism
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History and Present day education
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Wealthy attended private schools, poor not educated
1837- “common schools” formed- free public education supported thru taxes 1918- mandatory education laws- req’d all kids to attend school until a specified age or grade Presently- 63% of all H.S. graduates enter college 84% of Americans over 25 have graduated from H.S. (25% college) |
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Most industrialized nations
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Japan
Education reflects culture Teamwork essential, discourage competition Cultural contradiction- college admissions |
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Industrialized nations
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Russia
Socialism- education free (incl. college) Capitalism evil, communism good Presently- reinventing education Private, religious schools allowed Average teacher makes $33/month (1/3 salary of average Russian worker) |
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Least industrialized nations
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Egypt
Attendance laws not enforced Poor kids do not go to school ½ of Egyptians are illiterate (more women) China: 12% graduate H.S., 1% college |
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Functionalist perspective on education
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Teach knowledge and skills
Cultural transmission of values Schools pass society’s core values from one generation to the next Social integration Stabilize political system Mainstreaming Gatekeeping- Social placement- Tracking- The certification of learning Credential society- Replacing family functions Child care, sex ed. Serve as a matchmaking institution Establish social networks Help to stabilize employment Provides employment |
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Social integration
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help mold students into a more cohesive unit
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Mainstreaming
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incorporating students w/ disabilities into regular social activities
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Gatekeeping-
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determining which people will enter what occupations
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Social placement-
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funnels people into a society’s various positions
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Tracking
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sorting students into different educ. Programs on the basis of their perceived abilities
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Credential society-
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use of diplomas/degrees as sorting devices
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Conflict perspective on education
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Education reproduces the social class structure
The Hidden Curriculum- IQ tests and cultural biases Unequal funding Correspondence principle- Family background most important |
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The Hidden Curriculum-
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unwritten rules of behavior and attitudes that schools teach
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Correspondence principle-
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schools reflect the social structure of society
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The Rist Research
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Fast learners, average, slow learners
Labels stuck Self-fulfilling prophecy |
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Rosenthal-Jacobson experiment
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20% of students labeled “spurters”
Teacher expectations IQ raised |
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Symbolic interactionism
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The Rist Research
Rosenthal-Jacobson experiment |
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Problems in US education
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Mediocrity
Grade inflation Social promotion Functional illiteracy Test taking enhancement drugs- Adderal Violence in schools Peer group most important factor of how teens do in school |
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Mediocrity-
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teachers/schools lower passing scores
“dummying down” textbooks, SAT’s |
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Grade inflation-
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higher grades given for same work
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Social promotion-
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the practice of passing students from one grade to the next even though they haven’t mastered basic materials
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Violence in schools
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metal detectors, guards, school shootings (up or down)
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Functional illiteracy
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H.S. graduates have difficulty w/ basic reading and math
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Safety
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expel students who threaten the welfare of others
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High standards
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quality teachers, raise standards, parental involvement, SFP
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Vouchers-
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parents given _______ to be spent on their child at school of their choice (unconstitutional)
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Charter schools-
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public schools financed by taxes but administered by independent groups
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