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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are characteristics of older books?
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The books are smaller
They are "readers": meant to teach reading There is a very formal arrangment: one type of font They have easy to read words They talk about everyday things The characters are white and make up traditional families |
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What are characteristics of newer books?
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There is more print/text
Illustrations are emphasized There are different techniques for illustrations The arrangement is informal The books are glossy/pretty There is mixed media |
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What three things really affected children's literature?
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The industrial revolution
The printing press Required schooling |
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What were the 3 types of early books?
Describe them. |
Hornbook: covering made of horn, wood. Instructional purposes
Battledore: Cheaper to make, made of cardboard. Instructional purposes. Chapbooks: Cheap, made of paper, focus on entertainment. Chaps sold these books on the streets. |
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What is one way to categorize children's lit?
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Prose (narratives) vs. Verse (poetry)
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What is the second way to categorize children's lit?
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By genre
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How many genres are there?
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8
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Describe the picturebook genre
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It is the only genre based on format (how it looks inside)
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Define the folklore genre
Give examples |
Stories passed down from oral tradition (no known author)
Examples are tall tales, fables, and fairy tales |
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Define the fantasy genre
Give examples |
Stories that couldn't happen in real life
Science fiction is included |
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Define realistic fiction
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Stories that could happen in real life
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Define historical fiction
Give examples |
Stories set in the past
Examples include stories about wars, slavery, Holocaust, Gold Rush, etc. |
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Define poetry
Give examples |
Expressive language told in short verses
Examples include haiku, nursery rhymes, concrete poetry |
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Define biographies
Give examples |
An account of someone's life
Examples include autobiographies and memoirs |
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Define nonfiction
Give examples |
Facts about the real world
Examples include space, electricity, oceans, etc |
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List the 8 Genres
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Poetry
Folklore Fantasy Realistic Fiction Historical Fiction Biography Nonfiction Picture books |
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What are the 6 milestones in the history of children's lit before 1800?
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It started with oral tradition.
Then the printing press was invented in 1440 which made books cheaper and more available. Early books came out in the 1500s, usually meant for instruction. Comenius wrote the first picture book in the 1600s Pervault and Newbery collected Mother Goose Tales Newbery's Books came about in 1774 |
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What are 2 milestones in the history of children's lit from 1800-1900?
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There was the industrial revolution, which made books cheaper and more people could afford them.
Illustrators developed fast after 1850. Randolph Caldecott is a good example. He wrote The Diverting History of John Gelpin in 1878. The Caldecott Medal is the 2nd most pop award in children's lit. |
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There were 3 popular authors listed from 1800-1900.
List them and describe their contribution to children's lit. |
The Brothers Grimm: they collected books
Hans Christian Anderson: he wrote some of the first children's books Lewis Carroll: he wrote Alice in Wonderland, which was pure fantasy |
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What are 3 milestones in the history of children's lit after 1900?
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American Bookseller's Association (1900): started Children's Books Week
Horn Book Magazine (1924): critically reviewed children's books Required schooling came about in 1907, which increased the demand for books |
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There are several stories mentioned that characterize children's lit after 1900. What are they? Why important?
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The Tale of Peter Rabbit: one of 1st fantasies for kids
Little House on the Prairie Bridge to Terabithia: death theme Speak and Monster (dealt with heavier themes) Book series |
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What are the five literary elements?
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Plot
Setting Characterization Theme Style |
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What is the definition of plot?
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the sequence of events
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What is the definition of setting?
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Where the story takes place (time, era, weather)
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What is the definition of characterization?
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Who is in the story?
Strengths and weakness of characters Character's thought, appearances Characters have to change |
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What is the definition of theme?
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Central idea of the story
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What is the definition of style?
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What kind of writing?
Dense description? Use of vocabulary Point of view |
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What are the four major children's literature awards?
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Coretta Scott King Award (African American lit)
Pura Belpre (Hispanic lit) Caldecott (illustrations) Newberry (best story of the year) |
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What are the five ways to develop responsive readers?
Describe them |
Buddy reading: class and cross-age, increases fluency
Shared reading: teachers presents text and all students have copy of book; large group Guided reading: small group instructions; 5-6 students; groups according to level Read alouds: whole class; teacher reads to students Independent reading: students read what they want |
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What should you never do in buddy reading?
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Pair two lower level readers together
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Children will become engaged readers...
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When they are presented with a variety of genres
When they are presented with a variety of authors based on where they read based on who they read with When they respond in a variety of ways |
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What are three types of responses to books?
Give examples of each |
Oral: retell story, describe setting, act out
Written: graphic organizer, plot summary, work sheets, new ending, write to author Art: collage, draw favorite scene, timeline, book cover, puppet show, comic book |
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What is Louise Rosenblatt's Reader Response Theory?
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She says that reading is...
a transaction between reader and text both being equally important. The reader brings background, feelings to the text Readers vary how they read depending on purpose (aesthetic vs. efferent stance) |
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What type of books should you have in your classroom library?
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Quality examples from children's awards
Diverse books Books which relate to the curriculum Recreational reading books |
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How can you choose to organize your classroom library? By...
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Genre
Author Reading Level |
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What other things can you have in your classroom library beside the books?
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Support materials
Comfy atmosphere Posters Finger puppets CDs, cassettes Teacher's Favorite children's books tub |
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What are the four levels of books in children's lit?
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Picture books
Patterned, predictable trade books Transitional books Chapter books |
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Describe a Literature focus unit
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Whole class reads one book
Teacher instructs through mini-lessons Students explore vocab There is a culminating project or exam |
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Describe a reading workshop
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Begin class w/mini-lesson
Students are reading different books Respond via journal entries, letters, narratives Teacher conferences w/students on a weekly basis on-the-spot |
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What is the advantage of a reading workshop?
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Motivation (student reads what he wants)
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What is the disadvantage of a reading workshop?
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Teacher has to know all the books that the children are reading
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What are basal readers?
When did they begin? |
It's a student anthology with teacher's edition and workbooks
Language Arts is connected to all of the units/themes They began in the 1970s |
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What are some disadvantages of basal readers?
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Not all kids are on same level, some won't like the topic, they are scripted
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What are different ways to do assessment at the end of a lit unit?
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Observations
Tests associated w/basal readers Standardized testing Writing assignments Products that students generate |
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What are the four visual elements that illustrators use?
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Line
Shape Color Texture |
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Describe the following with regard to organizing the visual elements...
Most formal Formal Informal Most informal |
text placed opposite illustrations on adjacent pages
text positioned above or beneath illustrations text shaped w/irregular boundaries to fit inside, between, around, and beside illustrations absence of text |
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What are the different types of artistic media used in children's books?
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Watercolor
Pen/pencil Oil Photography Painting Cut paper/collage Mixed media |
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What are the 5 characteristics of patterned/predictable books?
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Natural sounding language
Simple stories Repeated phrases Cumulative pattern of events Content that appeals to children |
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What are the types of picture books for very young children?
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Storybooks
Board books Participation books |
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What are the types of books for children?
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Alphabet
Counting Concept books |
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What are the types of books for emergent readers?
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Wordless
Patterned/predictable |
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What are the types of books for beginners to read?
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Easy-to-read (lots of CVC or CVCe words)
Controlled vocab (sight words) Leveled readers |
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What are the poetry preferences for children?
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Easy to understand
narrative poems rhyming poems poems read w/enthusiasm |
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Poetry...
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encourages creativity, can be fun, stirs emotions, makes us smile, can add movement to it, creates images, promotes school learning
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What is a narrative poem?
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It has the 5 literary elements
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What is a free verse poem?
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Doesn't have to rhyme, no style
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What is a concrete poem?
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Poetry in the shape of items
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What is a haiku?
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5
7 5 Often about nature Started in Japan |
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What is a cinquain?
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1 Noun
2 Adjectives 3 Verbs 4 Adverbs 5 (One synonym for first line) |
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What are some ways to build a poetry collection?
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Have personal favorites
Keep up to date on awards Have anthologies |
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What are the three types of poetry anthologies?
Describe them |
Specialized: multiple poets about one topic
Generalized: multiple poets about many topics Individual: one poet about any topic |
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What are the four criteria included on the poetry checklist?
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Language is innovative/surprising
Sounds that almost sing Rhyme, rhythm, repetition are used Subject matter is engaging to children |
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What are the benefits of folklore?
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Engaging to students
Build upon oral skills through storytelling and drama Encourages own writing from students Allows the study of culture |
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When did folklore originate?
What are the two theories of how it originated? |
1500s and 1600s
People started writing these stories down around the same time The stories all started in Germany and ppl went there, took back stories w/them, and adapted them to their own culture |
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What things do all folklore have in common?
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Conventions: common literary patterns (once upon a time, beginnings, endings, numbers like 3,7,12)
Motifs: common objects; magic spells, characters like tricksters and animals Themes: good vs. evil |
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What are the five sub-genres in folklore?
Describe them |
Folktales: full story; 5 literary elements; collected by Grimm Brothers and Charles Perrault, originated in Germany
Fables: moral to the story; short 5-6 lines; collected by Aesop Fairy tales: magic involved;prince, princesses, castle, dragon, happily ever after. Collected by Hans Christian Anderson Myths: creation stories. Made up stories to explain the world Tall Tales: unique to America. Exs: John Henry, Pecos Bill, Johnny Appleseed. Based on real people, but exaggerated |
