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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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racism
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=prejudice displayed in blatant or subtle ways due to recognized or percieved differences in the physical and psychological backgrounds of people
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major parts of counselling in a multicultural and pluralistic society
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=overcoming traditions, prejudices, fears, anxieties, learning new skills and sensitivity
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investment syndrome
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=counsellors feel their time and energy are better spent working with younger ppl who will contribute to society
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3 areas counsellors are sensitive to culture
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(PEDERSON)
a. knowledge b. awareness c. skills |
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domestic elder abuse
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=any form of maltreatment by someone who has a special relationship with the elder, including neglect
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predominant beliefs of Western Americans
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a. individualism
b. action-oriented approach c. work ethic d. scientific method e. emphasis on rigid time schedule |
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acculturation
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=process by which a group of people give up old ways and adopt new ones
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existential counselling
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=holisitic and applicable across all cultures
=theoretical approach dealing with human relationships and ultimate issues of life and death |
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ethnographic variables
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ex. ethnicity, race
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counselling considerations with specific cultural groups
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=more within-group differences than between-group differences in counselling people from specific cultural traditions
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minority groups and counselling
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=most have negative experiences
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development
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=any kind of systematic change that is lifelong and cumulative
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aged
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=persons over 65 years
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spirituality
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=unique, personally meaningful experience of a transcendent dimension that is associated with wholeness and wellness
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levels of development
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a. cognitively
b. emotionally c. physically |
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adressing model acronym
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a-age
d-disability r-religion e-ethnicity s-social status s-sexual orientation i-indigenous heriage n-national origin g-gender |
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ADRESSING model
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=transcultural-specific model which places a high value on culture-specific emphasis on minority groups
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what older ppl have to cope with
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a. death of close ppl
b. reduced physical vigor c. retirement and reduction of income d. more leisure time e. new social roles f. grown children g. changing living accomad. |
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mythopoetic movement
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=use of myths and poetry with men in groups
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young-old
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= 55-75 yrs. who are still active physically, mentally, and socially
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irrational fear of aging
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=psychological distancing from older persons that this fear generates
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culture
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=any group of people that identify with one another on the basis of some common purpose, need, or similarity
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demographic variables
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ex. age, gender
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status variables
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ex. social, education
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criticisms of etic approach
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=for not taking important cultural differences into account
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groups for ppl 65+
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a. reality-oriented (help w/ surroundings)
b. remotivation c. reminiscing d. psychotherapy e. topic-specific f. member-specific |
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etic perspective
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=stating universal qualities exist in counselling that are culturally generalizable
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emic perspective
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=assumes counselling approaches must be designed to be culturally specific
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multicultural counselling
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= counselling in which the client and the counsellor differ
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overculturalizing
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=mistaking people's reactions to poverty and discrimination for their cultural pattern
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culturally encapsulated counsellor
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=one who disregards cultural differences under the mistaken assumption that theories are equally applicable to all people
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feminist theories
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=focus on the devpt of females as persons with common and unique qualities
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the age mystique
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=individuals who are growing older often deny and dread the process
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old-old
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=75+ yrs. whose physical activity is far more limited
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cultural intentionality
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=awareness of individual differences within each culture
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criticisms of emic approach
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=for placing too much emphasis on specific techniques as the vehicle for client change
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cultural expertise
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=effectiveness in more than one culture
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sexism
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=belief that females should be treated on the basis of their sex without regard to other criteria
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ruminative coping
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=women are more prone to focus inwardly and passively on their emotions
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7 areas counsellors should increase their knowledge of females
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a. history of stereotyping
b. psychophysiology c. sex-role devpt d. life-span devpt e. special popns f. career devpt g. psychotherapy |
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ageism
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=negative attitudes and stereotypes
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2 main emphasis in feminist position
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a. on equality
b. on valuing social, political, and emotional action |
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3 types of men who benefit from group work
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a. male sex offenders
b. gay c. homeless |
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spirituality dimensions
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a. divine or greater force
b. sense of meaning c. relationship with divine d. openness to mystery e. sense of playfullness f. engage in spiritual activities g. spriritual force integral part of life |
