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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hormone |
chemical produced in one tissue that has an effect on other (usually distant) tissues (generally by circulating in the bloodstream) |
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gland |
tissue specialized to secrete substances |
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endocrine gland |
glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream |
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feedback loop |
system by which a process or substance in the body is in the body is initiated, stopped, or produced based on the detected level of another substance or process |
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Peptide |
proteins, polypeptides, amino acids -water-soluble hormones do not enter the cell -blind to cell-surface receptors and initiate cascade of chemical reactions resulting in changes in cell metabolism (something turned on or off, ex. production of enzyme) |
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action of peptide hormones |
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steroid hormones |
-lipids -water-INsoluble hormones diffuse into the cell -binds to receptor in the cytoplasm or nucleus -recepor-hormone complex binds to DNA and initiates transcription followed by translation -new protein(enzymes) are synthesized |
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action of steroid hormones |
made from cholesterol cortisol(synthetic form is cortisone) testosterone estrogen progesterone
steriods act more slowly than peptide hormones |
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organs of the endocrine system |
hypothalamus pineal gland pituitary gland parathyroid gland thyroid gland thymus liver adrenal gland kidney pancreas ovary placenta testis |
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hypothalamus and pituitary functions |
regulate most other endocrine organs and are sometimes referred to a master gland of the endocrine system |
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negative feedback |
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hormonal feedback male |
hormones LH-testoserone FSH-sperm and inhibin |
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male reproduction |
sertoli cells support spermatogenesis and secrete inhibin leydig (interstital) cell secrete testosterone |
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hormal feedback female |
LH- corpus luteum to produce progesterone FSH- stimulates follicles to produce estrogen |
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ovarian cycle |
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uterine cycle |
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