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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Learned Helplessness
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The expectation, based on previous experiences, that all ones efforts will lead to failure.
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Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
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1) Infancy (0-2)
2) Early Childhood (2-7) 3) Later Elementary to Middle School - (7-11) 4) Junior and Senior High (11-15) |
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James Marcia's 4 Alternatives to Erikson's stage 5
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1) Identity Achievement
2) Identity Foreclosure 3) Identity Diffusion 4) Moratorium |
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Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development
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Pre-Conventional
-Punishment_Obedience Orientation -Personal Reward Orientation Conventional -Good Boy_Nice Girl Orientation -Law and Order Orientation Post Conventional -Social Contract Orientation -Universal Ethical Principle Orientation |
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Maturation
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Changes that occur naturally and spontaneously and that are to a large extent genetically programmed.
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Joplin Plan
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Group students by ability instead of grade level or age.
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Diana Baurmind (1991)
4 Types of Parenting |
Authoritarian (low warmth, high control)
Authoritative (high warmth, high control) Permissive (high warmth, low control) Rejecting/Neglecting (low W, low C) |
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Surface Processing
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Focus's on memorizing the learning materials, not understanding them.
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Deep Processing
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Learn for the sake of learning, less concerned about how their performance is evaluated
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Howard Gardner
Multiple Inteligences |
1) Linguistic
-words and language 2) Logical, Mathematical -logic and numbers 3) Musical -music, sound, rhythm 4) Bodily - Kinesthetic -body movement and control 5) Spatial - Visual -images and space 6) Interpersonal -other peoples feelings 7) Intra personal -self awareness |
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Field Dependence
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Prefer group projects and need more assistance from the instructor
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Field Independence
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Students prefer situations that allow them freedom in working toward their goals and solving problems
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Erik Erikson's 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development
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1) Trust vs. Mistrust
-12 - 18 months 2) Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt -18 mos - 3 yrs 3) Initiative vs Guilt -3 - 6 yrs 4) Industry vs Inferiority -6 - 12 yrs 5) Identity vs Role Confusion -adolescence 6) Intimacy vs Isolation -young adulthood 7) Generativity vs Stagnation -middle adulthood 8) Ego Integrity vs Despair -late adulthood - |
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Modeling
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Direct instruction, supervision, rewards, and punishment and correction leads to internalization
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Vygotsky's Theory for Teachers
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-assisted learning
-scaffolding: giving info, reminders -ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development >area where kids cannot solve problems alone -collaborative learning |
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Socialization
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The way in which members of a society encourage positive development for the immature members of the group
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Internalization
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When children adopt the moral rules and principles of the authority figures
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