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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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extrinsic motivation
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created by external factors such as rewards and punishment.
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Intrinsic motivation
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associated with activities that are their own reward.
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positive reinforcement
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strengthening behavior by presenting a desired stimulus after a behavior
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negative reinforcement
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strengthening behavior by removing an aversive stimulus when the behavior occurs.
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presentation punishment
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decreasing the chances that a behavior will occur again by presenting an aversive stimulus following the behavior.
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removal punishment
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decreasing the chances that a behavior will occur again by removing a pleasent stimulus following a behavior.
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observational learning
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learning by observing and imitating others (models) behavior.
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self-efficacy
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the belief that one is capable of performing certain behaviors or reaching certain goals.
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expectancy X value theory
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motivation occurs only when people think they can reach a goal and only if the goal is meaningful to them.
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achievement motivation
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intrinsic drive to excel in a given area.
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attribution theory
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focuses on how people explain the causes of their successes and failures (ability, effort, difficulty, luck)
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hierarchy of needs
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Maslow's model of seven levels of needs, ranging from survival to self-actualization.
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self-determination
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a theory of intrinsic motivation based on needs for autonomy, competence, and affiliation
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choice theory
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Glasser's theory of five needs: survival, belonging, power, freedom, and fun.
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rules
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written statements specifying expected and forbidden behaviors.
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procedures
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classroom routines and everyday practices
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logical consequences
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consequences that are specific to the misbehavior and serve a corrective rather than a punitive function.
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withitness
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the degree to which the teacher is aware of and responsive to student behavior
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flow
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a feeling of total involvement, concentration, and enjoyment while doing a particular activity.
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