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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why do adolescents have difficulty in decision-making
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Under-developed prefrontal cortex:
-in charge of decision-making and multi-tasking =low efficiency in decision making More grey matter -thought process more chaotic Frontal lobe -responsible for logical thinking -grows the most during adolescence |
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What grades is a middle school?
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5th - 8th grades
typically: 6th - 8th |
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Middle School vs. Jr. High
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Middle School:
1. More nurturing 2. Provide a community atmosphere 3. Transition from grade school to high school 4. Meet the unique academic and psychological needs |
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Middle School Philosophy: 5 aspects
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1. Interdisciplinary teaching teams
-5 or 6 teachers share the same group of students -builds community 2. Integrated Curriculum 3. Student-centered instructional strategies 4. Block scheduling 5. Teacher advision programs -each student with an approachable adult |
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Vertical Articulation
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Curriculum's plan in relationship to what came before and what comes after the current content
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Horizontal Articulation
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Integration among other curricula across a grade level
I.E. a language arts curriculum that is closely integrated with the social studies curriculum |
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The most important fact that influences learning...
maximizes student learning... |
Effective classroom managemet
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Respond to student misbehavior:
Be... A K C |
Assertive
Kind Calm |
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Order of Responses when intervening on misbehavior
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1. Indirect Intervention
-proximity, looks, hand gestures 2. Simple Direct intervention -direct statements to the student -quickly and effective 3. Refer to rules and consequences -logical consequences for conduct 4. Contact school administrator Key: minimal intervention as possible |
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Magnet School
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school that specializes in a particular academic area
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Charter School
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school that is "an autonomous educational entity"
-public school w/ a sponsoring group |
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Fundamental School
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school that focuses on teaching basic skills
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For-profit school
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public school linked to a business/industry
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Partnership school
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school with a partnership with community industries to link school studies with the workplace
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Tech-prep high schools
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high school that coordinates their curriculum with the first 2 years of college
-leads to an applied science degree |
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International Bacalaureate School
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a very high level school
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Special Transition School
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helps recent immigrants feel self-assured
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Cultural Competence
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ability to teach students of a different cultural background than your own
-be knowledgable of the different values, traditions, and beliefs -done by researching cultures on your own time; participating in cultural activities on own time |
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Cultural Identity
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composed of...
age gender ability language religion race ethnicity class |
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Cultural Sensitivity
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first recognize own preferences and unconcious biases
-understand cultural setting you're in -affirm cultural differnces -help them realize individuals of different cultures have similarities |
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Multiculturalism
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*regardless of culture all students have the opportunity to learn
-value diversity among students -not a "one size fits all" education |
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Learning Styles
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-indicator of how a person learns
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4 Learning styles
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1. Imaginative Learner
2. Analytic Learner 3. Common sense learner 4. Dynamic Learner |
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Imaginative Learner
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perceives concretely; processes reflectively
-do well with listening and sharing w/ others -struggle w/ traditional teaching |
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Analytic Learner
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perceives abstractly; processes reflectively
-thinks sequentially -does well in traditional classroom |
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Common Sense Learner
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perceives abstractly; processes actively
-enjoyhs hands on learning -find school frustrating if don't see immediate use of lesson |
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Dynamic Learner
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perceives concretely; processes actively
-prefers hands on learning -difficulty with traditional teaching |
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Learning Modalities
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refers to the sensory portal by which a learner prefers to receive sensory reception
-the way a person learns best |
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4 Learning Modalities
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1. Visual Modality
2. Auditory Modality 3. Kinesthetic Modality 4. Tactile Modality |
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Inclusion
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put special ed students in regular classroom as much as possible regardless if they can meet the academic standards
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Mainstreaming
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put exceptional students in regular classroom for all or part of the day
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Looping
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students and teachers remain together as a group for several years
=multiyear grouping/instruction/placement, teacher student progression |
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Tracking
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voluntary or involuntary placement of students in programs or courses according to their ability and prior academic performance
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Metacognition
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the ability to plan, monitor, and evaluate one's thinking
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Withitness
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the teacher's timely ability to intervene and redirect student's inappropriate behavior
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Multitasking
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invovles students working at different tasks
-to accomplish different or same objective -through use of multiple intelligences |
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Multiple Intelligences
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1. Bodily/Kinesthetic
2. Interpersonal 3. Intrapersonal 4. Logical/math 5. Musical 6. Naturalist 7. Verbal/Linguistic 8. Visual/Spatial |
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Locus of Control
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Competent teachers take responsibility for the outcome of the lesson
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Wait Time
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period of silence b/w the time a question is asked and when the teacher breaks the silence by...
-asking another question -rephrasing the question -answering the question |
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Mastery Learning
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a student should master the concept of one lesson before moving on to the next
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The Parts of a Lesson (9)
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Descriptive Data
Standard Learning Goal Objective Materials Needed Lesson Procedure Assignment/Assessment Accomodations (Sped) Reflection/Revision |
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6 parts of Lesson Procedure
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1. Hook
2. Body of Lesson 3. Checking for Understanding 4. Modeling 5. Guided Practice 6. Closure |
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Common Core Standards
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-state standards (not federal)
-adopted by each individual state -ensure students are ready for college and work force -defines what students should be able to do and understand |
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Clusters
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groups of related standards
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Domain
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larger groups of related standards
-standards orgainized into 4-5 domains of a subject |
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4 Principles of NCLB
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1. Strong Accountability for results
-annual testing, making AYP 2. Increased flexibility and local control -local districts determine how to spend funds 3. Expanded options for parents -report cards, transfer, after school services, tutoring, etc. 4. Focusing on what works -highly qualified teachers, research based instruction |
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5 Targets associated with disaggregation and AYP
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Assessment and state progress objectives must be broken out by:
1. Poverty 2. Gender 3. Race/ethnicity 4. Disability 5. Limited English proficiency |
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Areas to meet AYP
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1. Reading Results
2. Math Results 3. Attendance Rate (90%) 4. Graduation Rate (80%) 5. Participation Rates in Testing (95%) |
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4 Phases of Instruction
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1. Planning Phase (preactive phase)
2. Teaching Phase (interacting phase) 3. Analyzing/Evaluating Phase (reflective phase) 4. Application Phase (projective phase) |
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Planning Phase (preactive phase)
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all the intellectual functions and decisions you make prior to instruction
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Teaching Phase
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all decisions made during teaching
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Analyzing/Evaluation Phase (reflective phase)
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time taken to reflect, analyze, judge decisions and behaviors during interactive/teaching phase
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Application Phase (projective phase)
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abstracting from reflection and projecting analysis into further teaching actions
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Levels of Bloom's Taxonomy
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1. Remebering
2. Understanding 3. Applying 4. Analyzing 5. Evaluating 6. Creating |
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Remembering words
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list, identify, label
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Understanding Words
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order, summarize, explain
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Applying
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classify, solve, determine
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Analyzing
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infer, compare, contrast
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Evaluating
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assess, justify, conclude
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Creating
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compose, express, design
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How to write a learning goal and objective
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Learning goal - general statement of expectations
-hard to measure Objectives: Audience (SWBAT) Behavior Conditions Degree of mastery |
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9 domains of accomodations
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1. Size (less problems)
2. Time (more time) 3. Level of Support 4. Input (how instruction is given) 5. Difficulty (use of calculator, etc.) 6. Output (how students show they've learned) 7. Participation 8. Alternate Goals 9. Substituted or Modified Curriculum |
