Ed 315 Test 1

Front 1

What is reading ?

Back 1

A process in which information from the text and the knowledge possessed by the reader act together to produce meaning.

Front 2

______- a letter cluster that stands for one sound /ch/, /sh/, /zh/, /th/, /wh/, /ng/

Back 2

Diagraphs

Front 3

_______- consonant clusters: two or more consonants that appear together in a word, each retaining its own sound. Some examples fr, dr, tr, st, bl, cl, fl

Back 3

Blends

Front 4

_______ - when a vowel letter is followed by the letter r, it affects the vowel sound so that it is neither short nor long. Remember the r is "rude"

Back 4

R-controlled vowels

Front 5

_________- an unstressed sound commonly occurring in unstressed syllables. It is represented by the symbol /upside down e/ and closely resembles the short sound of u.

Back 5

Schwa

Front 6

_______ - a single vowel sound made up of a glide from one vowel sound to another in immediate sequence and pronounced in one syllable.

Back 6

Diphthongs

Front 7

_________- is a broad term that includes phonemic awareness and activities that promote this

Back 7

Phonological awareness

Front 8

__________- the ability to HEAR, identify, and manipulate the individual sounds - phonemes - in spoken words

Back 8

Phonemic awareness

Front 9

_____ - when children combine individual phonemes to form words, they are doing this to their phonemes

Back 9

Blending

Front 10

__________- when children break words into their individual phonemes, they are doing this to their words

Back 10

Segmenting

Front 11

_______- the smallest part of the spoken language that makes a difference in the meaning if words /k/ /a/ /t/

Back 11

Phoneme

Front 12

________- is the smallest part of the written language that represents a phoneme in the spelling of a word. CAT

Back 12

Graphemes

Front 13

________- a word part that contains a vowel or a sound

Back 13

Syllable

Front 14

________- the initial consonant (s) sound of a syllable.

Back 14

Onset

Front 15

________- the part of a syllable that contains the vowel and all that follows it.

Back 15

Rime

Front 16

________- is the understanding that there is a predictable relationship between phonemes and graphemes.

Back 16

Phonics

Front 17

Why is phonemic awareness important?

Back 17

- A prerequisite for learning to read
-Children do better in both reading and spelling

Front 18

___________- integrating this new information into our existing files

Back 18

Assimilation

Front 19

________- modifying or creating new a new file for this information.

Back 19

Accommodation

Front 20

Readers chunk ideas into phrases within a sentence

Back 20

microprocesses

Front 21

Readers infer connections and relationships between sentences by noticing pronoun substitutions, and connections such as also, therefore, etc.

Back 21

Integrative processes

Front 22

Readers organize and summarize ideas as they read; they look at the big picture of the entire text as well as the smaller units in the text.

Back 22

Macro processes

Front 23

Readers make connections to their own lives and to other literature. They make predictions , connect their reading to prior knowledge, and identify with characters.

Back 23

Elaborative processes

Front 24

Readers monitor their comprehension and use problem solving strategies to read effectively.

Back 24

Metacognitive processes

Front 25

What are the 4 language systems?

Back 25

Phonological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic

Front 26

The. Sound system of English has approximately ____ sounds.

Back 26

44

Front 27

________- the smallest unit of sound

Back 27

Phoneme

Front 28

_______- the written representation of a phoneme using one or more letters

Back 28

Grapheme

Front 29

___________-understanding that speech is composed of individual sounds

Back 29

Phonemic awareness

Front 30

________- teaching sound-symbol correspondence and spelling rules

Back 30

Phonics

Front 31

What are some characteristics of the phonological system?

Back 31

- pronouncing words
- detecting regional and other dialects
- decoding words when reading
- spelling
- diving words into syllables

Front 32

What is the syntactic system?

Back 32

The structural system of English that governs how words are combined into sentences

Front 33

____________- the structure or grammar of a sentence (word order)

Back 33

Syntax

Front 34

_________- the smallest meaningful unit of language

Back 34

Morpheme

Front 35

__________- a morpheme tart can stand alone as a word (dog)

Back 35

Free morpheme

Front 36

_______ - a morpheme that must be attached to a free morpheme

Back 36

Bound morpheme

Front 37

What are some characteristics of the semantic system?

Back 37

- meaning
- learning the meaning if words
- using context clues to figure out an unfair out an unfamiliar word
- studying synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms

Front 38

What is the pragmatic system?

Back 38

- the system of English that varies according to social and cultural uses

Front 39

_________- the purpose for which a person users language

Back 39

Function

Front 40

_______- the form of English used in textbooks and by television newscasters

Back 40

Standard English

Front 41

__________- other forms of English

Back 41

Nonstandard English

Front 42

What are some forms of the pragmatic system?

Back 42

- varying language to fit specific purposes
-reading and writing dialogue in dialects
- comparing standard and nonstandard English forms of English

Front 43

________ - refers to all the words we use to talk about while reading and writing. It includes terms as word, letter, sentence, and sound.

Back 43

- jargon

Front 44

________ - words that young children have learned that are familiar to them.

Back 44

- concrete words

Front 45

_________ - the rules about how we proceed through print.

Back 45

- conventions

Front 46

________ - children who give "school-world" answers to this critical question demonstrate that they don't see reading and writing as part of their real world. It includes print concepts, phonological and phonemic awareness,etc.

Back 46

- functions of print

Front 47

_________ - The ability to identify the names and shapes of the letters of the alphabet.

Back 47

- letter knowledge