Ecvp Selection Articles 2010

Front 1

Bluetonguevirus detection in tissues of sheep and goat via IHC.
1. VP7 structural protein is?
2. Virus mainly detected in which tissues?
3. In which cells in these tissues?
4. Some tissues/cells that where negative?

Back 1

1. the most abundant of the major core proteins and highly conserved in all serotypes of bluetongue virus.
2. spleen, lymph nodes, and lungs. Goats also in ileum and liver.
3. arteriolar and capillary endothellial cells, macrophages and lymphocytes
4. e.g. tonsil, nasal mucosa, rumen and oesophagus, adrenal gland, megakaryocytes.

Hint 1

JCP 143, 20-28 (2010)

Front 2

Epidermolyis bullosa in calves.
1. Gross/clinic?
2. Histo?
3. Genetic background?

Back 2

1. multifocal erosion and ulceration of hard and soft palates, tongue, nares and gingiva, with onychomadesis (dysungulation). Multifocal alopecia, erosion and crusting.
2. segmental separation of full thickness epidermis from dermis, large clefts with fluid, hemorrhage, rare neutrophils. Follicular and interfollicular areas affected, including the hair follicles.
3. Unknown, mutations in candidate keratin genes bKRT5 and bKRT14 were excluded.

Hint 2

JCP review 142
332-335
(2010)

Front 3

Orthopoxvirus in horses.
1. Gross?
2. Histo?
3. EM?
4. Causative agent?

Back 3

1. papules and vesicles progressing to proliferative and exudative lesions on muzzle, external nares, external and internal lips.
2. vaculoar degeneration of the cells of the stratum spinosum and the presence of large eosinophilic ICIB.
3. brick-shaped, 250-300 nm virus particles (orthopoxvirus morphology)
4. An orthopoxvirus, species unknown, horses seem to serve as alternative hosts for several human and animal orthopox viruses.

Hint 3

JVDI 22
143-147
(2010)

Front 4

Feline sarcoids.
1. What are they?
2. associated with which infection?
3. Present in non-sarcoid felines?
4. How is the cat infected?

Back 4

1. Uncommon dermal neoplasms.
2. Feline sarcoid-associated papillomavirus.
3. Not found.
4. Not known, because asymptomatic infection is not found another reservoir host is suspected. (other article vet derm'10: asymptomatic infection of bovine skin does occur, maybe species crossover with cat as dead end host)

Hint 4

JVDI vol 22
97-100
(2010)

Front 5

Mast cell tumors in cats.
1. Histologic classification?
2. Histo?
3. Behaviour?
4. Correlation with unfavorable outcome (5)?

Back 5

1. Mastocytic: well differentiated and pleomorphic; atypical.
2. Well-differentiated: unencapsulated, may invade subcutis, sheets resembling normal mast ccells, few eosinophils, rare mitoses.
Pleiomorphic: uncommon, deeper infiltration, large cells, eccentric nuclei, variable numbers of giant cells, high mitotic rate, many eosinophils.
Atypical: rare, mostly juvenile-middle aged Siamese, may spontaneously regress, poorly granulated, resemble histiocytic proliferations, large cells and nuclei, may be indented, few mitoses, may have many eos and lymphos.
4. multiplicity of lesions, pleiomorphic phenotype, KIT immunoreactivity socore, mitotic index (strongest predictive), Ki67 index.

Hint 5

vet pathol 47
643-653
(2010)

Front 6

Sporotrichosis and American Tegumentary Leishmaniosis in dogs.
1. Histo of both?
2. Features that are more likely due to sporotrichosis?
3. Etiology of sporotrichosis?

Back 6

1. Very similar: pyogranulomatous dermatitis with sparse organisms.
2. Well-formed granulomata (14X), marked neutrophil infiltration in granulomata (12x), absence of lymphocytes and macrophages in the peripheral infiltrate (10x, 5x). Perivascular, perifollicular and interstitial peripheral infiltrate instead of diffuse (5,5x).
3. Sporothrix schenckii, dimorphic fungus, dog&cat. Stained with PAS and Grocott's silver stain.

Hint 6

JCP 2010, 143, 1-7

Front 7

Vitamin D receptor expression in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours.
1. Frequence, intensity and score (fxi) higher than in reactive mast cells?
2. Differences between grading, ass. with MI?

Back 7

1. Frequency and score where higher than in reactive mast cells.
2. no differences between grades, no association with MI.

Hint 7

JCP 2010, 143, 223-226

Front 8

Lipoma in the dog.
1. name a few forms.

Back 8

1. lipoma, infiltrative lipoma, angiolipoma, chondrolipoma and osteolipoma (this article)

Hint 8

JCP 143, 89-93, 2010

Front 9

Canine cutaneous fibrosarcomas.
1. Correlation of histological grade with:
VEGF expression
VEGFR epression
intra-tumour microvessel density
tumour proliferation index (via Ki-67)
tumour apoptotic index (via TUNEL)?

Back 9

1. Only correlation between expression of VEGF and VEGFR (92 and 100%), and PI with histologic grade.

Hint 9

JCP 141
229-236
(2010)

Front 10

Malignant pilomatricoma in dogs.
1. Best feature to diagnose malignancy?
2. histo?
3. Usually malignant?

Back 10

1. Lymphatic invasion.
2. trabeculae of basaloid cells, abrupt keratinization, "ghost" or "shadow" cells.
3. Pilomatricoma is usually benign.

Hint 10

Vet pathol 47
937-943
(2009)

Front 11

Canine mamma tumours. Malignancy associated with:
1. tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)?
2. IL-1 and IL-6 expression?
3 Mutation of BRCA1?

Back 11

1. 3x more T than B cells, ass. with IL and BRCA mutation. With malignancy?
2. Correlated with metastasis.
3. Correlated with TILS and IL.

Hint 11

JCP feb
177-186
(2010)

Front 12

Expression of CD44 in canine mammary tumours.
1. CD44 adheres to?
2. Expressed by which cells in normal mamma?
3. Upregulated in which tumours?

Back 12

1. Hyalorunan (component of ECM).
2. ductal and alveolar epithelial cells.
3. In peripheral and alveolar epithelial cells of simple and complex adenomas, benign mixed tumours, first also in complex carcinomas. So more tendency toward benign behaviour with more CD44 expression.

Hint 12

JCP 141
237-247
(2009)

Front 13

Inflammatory and non-inflammatory canine mammary carcinoma.
1. VEGF expression?
2. HER, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor expression?
3. Clinic?
4. Histo?

Back 13

1. Higher in IMC than in non-IMC
2. No difference HER in IMC/non-IMC, estrogen and progesterone receptor: not expressed in IMC.
3. Rapid onset, firmness, warmth, oedema and erythema of skin.
4. Simple tubulopapillary carconomas or simple carcinomas of solid type, 4x comedocarcinoma (type of ductal carcinoma in situ), variable invasion of dermal, lymph, deep muscle layers.

Hint 13

JCP 142
36-42
(2010)

Front 14

Derlin-1 expression in canine mammary adenocarcinomas
1. Function of derlin-1?
2. Expression in non-neoplastic, adenoma, adenocarcinoma, metastasis, intralymphatic tumour cells?
3. Implication?

Back 14

1. Derlin-1 is a transporter protein for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER and an inhibitor of ER stress-induced apoptosis.
2. nn+adenoma: weak, ac: moderate, met: mod to marked, intralymph: marked.
3. Neoplastic mammary gland cells appear to have an increased stress-associated unfolded protein response.

Hint 14

JCP 142
79-83
(2010)

Front 15

Caveolin-1 in canine mammary tumors.
1. Function?
2. Expression in normal cells?
3. Related to malignancy, overall survival, metastases?
4. Cav-1 downregulated in which tumors (3)?
5. Cav-1 upregulated in which tumors (2)?

Back 15

1. Major structural protein of caveolae: plasma membrane invaginations.
2. Not in luminal epithelium, consistently expressed in normal myoepithelial cells.
3. Yes to all.
4. sarcomas, lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma
5. esophageal SCC, prostate cancer.

Hint 15

JCP 143
87-93
(2010)
JCP 143
39-44
(2010)

Front 16

PNL2 reactivity in canine melanomas.
1. What is PNL2?
2. Antigen recognized?
3. Performance compared to MelanA?

Back 16

1. A recently generated monoclonal antibody that recognizes normal and neoplastic melanocytes.
2. Unknown.
3. It stained a few more melanomas than MelanA, no nonspecific staining or staining in cells other than melanocytes.

Hint 16

JVDI vol 22, 3
389-394
(2010)

Front 17

VEGF and microvessel density in soft tissue sarcomas in dogs.
1. Expression of VEGF where?
2. Correlation with microvessel density?
3.Which cells express VEGF?

Back 17

1. 92% of peritumor regions, 46% in intratumor regions, 38.5% in both.
2. No correlation with MVD or tumortype.
3. Fibroblasts and macrophages peritumor, tumorcells in intratumor regions.

Hint 17

JVDI 22,1
105-108
(2010)

Front 18

Wnt/Beta-catenin signaling pathway in canine cutaneous melanotic tumor.
1. Coding gene?
2. Upregulation in tumors?
3. IHC staining Beta-catenin in melanotic tumor and melanoma?

Back 18

1. ctnnb1 gene.
2. Higher ctnnb1 mRNA expression in benign and malignant melanotic tumors.
3. cytoplasmic accumulation of Beta-catenin, and also nuclear translocation in melanomas.

Hint 18

Vet Pathol 47(2)
285-291
(2010)

Front 19

Streptococcal infection in dogs.
1. Major species isolated?
2. Risk factors: sex, age, season?
3. Associated disease?
4. Associated other etiologies?

Back 19

1. S. canis, S. dysgalactiae spp. equisimilis, S. equi ssp. zooepidemicus.
2. Sex: no, age: fetuses and neonates; important cause of abortion and neonatal death.
3. dermatitis, pneumonia, adult septicemia, fetal/neonatal septicemia.
4. O.a. CAV2, CPV2, canine corona, herpes, distemerviruses, Malassezia pachydermatitis, Sporothrix schenckii, Candida, Staph, Bordetella, Brucella canis, Demodex, hookworms, roundworms, whipworms enz.

Hint 19

Vet Pathol 47
387-395
(2010)

Front 20

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita in dogs.
1. Target?
2. Collagen IV is found where in this disease?
3. Sensitivity and specificity, pos. pred. and neg. pred. value?

Back 20

1. collagen VII in sublamina densa anchoring fibrils.
2. More commonly above subepidermal vesicles than below (rare in other autoimmune subepidermal blistering diseases).
3. Sens = 71%, Spec = 90%, Neg and pos: 83%

Hint 20

Vet pathol 47
565-568
(2010)

Front 21

Autoimmune subepidermal blistering diseases (AISBD) in dogs.
List them (7).

Back 21

- Bullous pemphigoid
- Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
- Type I bullous systemic lupus erythematosus
- Linear immunoglobulin A bullous disease
- Mucous membrane pemphigoid
- Junctional epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
- mixed forms

Hint 21

Vet pathol 47
565-568
(2010)

Front 22

Systemic lupus erythematosus.
1. Characterization?
2. Factors contribution to pathogenesis?
3. Positive feedback loop with which cells?

Back 22

1. Loss of selftolerance in B- and T-cells.
2. Genetic, environmental, certain drugs, infectious agents.
3. Activation of plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, in a complicated positive feedbackloop with the B- and T-cells.

Hint 22

Vet Pathol 47
664-676
(2010)

Front 23

Cox-2 in canine mammary carcinomas.
1. Marker for microvessel density?
2. Relation Cox-2 with this marker?
3. Cox-2 and overall survival?
4. Overall survival and microvessel density, metaplasia?

Back 23

1. CD31 =PECAM-1
2. Correlated expression
3. Lower cox-2 = longer survival
4. lower microvessel density = longer survival, metaplasia = longer survival

Hint 23

Vet pathol 46
1275-1280
(2009)

Front 24

COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) genotypes in canine mammary tumours.
1. Function of COMT?
2. Relation of 2 SNP's (G216A and G482A) with recurrence, metastasis, and survival?

Back 24

1. Enzyme involved in inactivation of catechol estrogens.
2. 2 genetic variations at the same time: more likely recurrence of mammary lesions.

Hint 24

Vet pathol 46
1270-1274
(2009)

Front 25

Mammary intraepithelial lesions in dogs.
1. What are they?
2. Expression of estrogen-receptor alpha (ER-alpha), progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2/neu), and Ki-67?
3. Clinic?

Back 25

1. Noninvasive epithelial proliferations that include ductal hyperplasia, atypical DH, and ductal carcinoma in situ.
2. ER-alpha: 50% of lesions -, PR down in lowgrade DCIS, no overexpression of HER-2/neu, lowgrade DCIS: all markers down.
3. None, in humans these are associated with risk of invasive breast cancer.

Hint 25

Vet pathol 47 (2)
275-284
(2010)

Front 26

Vasculogenic mimicry in canine mammary cancer.
1. What is vasculogenic mimicry?
2. Present in malignant canine mammary tumours?
3. IHC?
4. EM?

Back 26

1. The generation of microvascular channels by malignant tumour cells (endothelial-like cells) without endothelial cell participation.
2. Yes , in inflammatory and noninflammatory malignant canine mammary cancer, more in inflammatory, consistent with human findings.
3. cells are positive to AE1/AE3 (pancytokeratin), CK14, - to endothelial markers.
4. ELC's lack Weibel-Palade bodie and present desmosomes.

Hint 26

Vet pathol 47(2)
265-274
(2010)

Front 27

Quantitative rtRT-PCR for genes in canine malignant and benign mammary tumors.
1. The combination of which genes can give an accurate prediction for a tumor?
2. Which genes are downregulated in carcinomas vs. adenomas?
3. Which genes are upregulated in carcinomas vs. adenomas?

Back 27

1. BMP2 (down in ad, up in carc), LTBP4 (lower in carc than ad), and DERL-1 (up in metastases).
2. tumor suppressors SLIT2, progesterone receptor, TGFb3, P27
3. LTBP1, BRCA-1/2 and RAD51, P21,

Hint 27

Vet pathol 47
446-454
(2010)

Front 28

Phalaris arundinacea (reed canarygrass) intoxication in beef cattle.
1. Clinical signs?
2. Histo?
3. Toxin?

Back 28

1. weakness, ataxia, hind limb paresesis, lateral recumbancy and death in 2-3 days.
2. light brown, granular pigment in neurons of the ventral grey horns of the spinal cord, brain stem and pons: bulging, displacement of Nissl substance.
3. tryptamine alkaloids: serotonergic receptor agonists.

Hint 28

JVDI 22, 5
802-805
(2010)

Front 29

Solanum bonariense L. intoxicated bovines.
1. Histo?
2. Marker for Purkinje cells?
3. How does S. bonariense poisoning induce Purkinje cell death?

Back 29

1. cerebellar neuronal vacuolation, degeneration, and necrosis, esp. cerebellar Purkinje cells.
2. Calbindin D28k = calcium binding protein, regulates intracellular ca, expressed in normal and degenerative P.cells
3. NOT via apoptosis or excitotoxicity (via excessive calcium), method unknown.

Hint 29

Vet pathol 47
569-572
(2010)

Front 30

Synaptophysin IHC in ileal biopsies in equine grass sickness.
1. What is synaptophysin?
2. IHC in GS?
3. Decision tree?
4. Difference IHC labelling botulism/GS?

Back 30

1. an abundant integral membrane protein of synaptic vesicles.
2. Either marked labelling, or no neurons visible.
3. No neurons or marked labelling =GS.
No labelling or moderate/pale = check neuron density = reduced: GS, moderate or normal: control/colic/botulism
4. Botulism causes no alteration in ileal neuron density or synaptophysin labelling.

Hint 30

JCP 142, 4
284-290
(2010)

Front 31

Age-related changes in the brain of the horse.
1. Gross?
2. Most common histo changes?
3. Additional changes?
4. What are Tau-proteins?

Back 31

1. Nothing.
2. spongiform changes, lipofuscin storage, corpora amylacea, gliosis and satellitosis, axonal and neuronal swellings.
3. Less often found: Hippocampal Tau-positive neurons, methanamine-silver positive diffuse (preamyloid) plaques. NO amyloid.
4. function to stabilize axonal microtubules. Hyperphosphorylation results in self-assembly of fibres calle neurofibrillary tangles, in this case no hyp. so suggestion it accumulated due to axonal transport deficiencies occurin in aging.

Hint 31

JCP 142, 1
61-73
(2010)

Front 32

Type A botulism in horses.
1. Cause?
2. Most common types in horses?
3. Acquired in 3 possible ways, how?

Back 32

1. Clostridium botulinum = spore-forming, anaerobic, Gram+ bacterium, 8 types: A-G, with C-alpha and C-beta subgroups.
2. Type B, type A and C more sporadic. D-G are not reported in the horse.
3. Ingestion of pre-formed toxin with food by adult horses: food-borne botulism.
Ingestion of C. botulinum spores, germinating in GI tract of foals: toxicoinfectious botulism.
Contamination of wounds and subsequent growth: wound botulism.

Hint 32

JVDI 22,2
165-173
(2010)

Front 33

Type A botulism in horses.
4. Clinic in these type A-cases?
5. Age?
6. horses exposed and eventually affected/dead?

Back 33

4. progressive muscle weakness, recumbency, decreased tail/tongue tone, dysphagia, respiratory distress, and death.
5. Foals < 1 year: sporadic cases, horses > 11 months in outbreaks.
6. 119 exposed, 54 symptoms, 49 died.

Hint 33

JVDI 22,2
165-173
(2010)

Front 34

Feline peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
1. Location?
2. Histo?
3. IHC vimentin, S100, GFAP, actin?
4. 3 histologic types found?
5. Recurrence, metastasis?

Back 34

1. 75% in head, neck, or limbs. In skin, subcutis, skeletal muscle and/or mucous membranes.
2. compact to loose streams of spindle cells, small amounts of collagenous to myxoid matrix, nuclear pallisading.
3. S100 +, vimentin +, GFAP 50% +, actin -.
4. 1. benign with Antoni A (densely cellular) areas, S100 and GFAP +.
2. Benign ohne Antoni A, S100 + and GFAP - .
3. Malignant.
4. Recurrence in all three types, no metastasis reported.

Hint 34

Vet Pathol 46
1166-1180
(2009)

Front 35

IHC characterization of canine neuroepithelial tumors.
1. 8 groups of neuroepithelial tumors exist according to WHO. Which?
2. IHC for GFAP, doublecortin (DCX), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1, nestin, beta III tubulin, cytokeratin AE1/AE3, CK18?

Back 35

1. astrocytic tumors, oligodendroglial tumors, other gliomas, ependymal tumors, choroid plexus tumors, neuronal and mixed-neuronal-glial tumors, embryonal tumors and pineal parenchymal tumors (choroid plexus and pineal not in this study).
2. Astrocytomas +: GFAP, nestin, DCX (few cells)
Gliomatosis cerebri +: icbam-1, GFAP, minor population: nestin, DCX, bIII (glial diff)
Choroid plexus: CK AE1/AE3, CK18, few GFAP
Oligodendroglioma: DCX, minor: GFAP, nestin, BIII
PNET: nestin, bIII, DCX: glial and neuronal dff.
Neuroblastoma: bIII, DCX (single neuronal dff)

Hint 35

Vet pathol 47
741-750
(2010)

Front 36

IHC characterization of canine neuroepithelial tumors.
3. Tumors positive for anitapoptotic cell death molecules (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL)
4. What is the "novel position" for oligodendrogliomas?

Back 36

3. astrocytoma, choroid plexus, PNET, neuroblastoma, oligodendroglioma. Gliomatosis cerebri: -
4. the primitive glial and neuronal differentiation.

Hint 36

Vet pathol 47
741-750
(2010)

Front 37

IHC in canine and feline meningiomas.
1. Proposed IHC panel to distinguish meningiomas from other mesenchymal neoplasms.
2. Possible role of claudin-1?
3. Ki67 and mitotic index?

Back 37

1. vimentin (100%), CD34 (94%), E-cadherin (81%)
2. Moderate to low sensitivity in dogs and cats, but can help distinguish from e.g. schwannomas, which in humans is - for claudin-1.
3. No good correlation.

Hint 37

Vet pathol 47
725-737
(2010)

Front 38

Rabies detection in CNS of several species via polyclonal antibody.
1. virus?
2. histo?
3. best site for detecting rabies in dog and cat?
4. in cattle?
5. in horses?
6. in raccoons and skunks?
7. IHC reliable?

Back 38

1. Lyssavirus, rhaboviridae.
2. viral encephalitis with ICIB intraneuronal (Negri bodies), though may be mild or absent.
3. Hippocampus
4. brainstem, followed by cerebellum.
5. cervical spinal cord and adjacent brainstem
6. widely dispersed.
7. Yes

Hint 38

Vet pathol 47
630-633
(2010)

Front 39

Rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) toxicosis in goats.
1. Lesions?

Back 39

1. Mocardial degeneration and necrosis, skeletal myopathy with dose-related distribution and severity.
Characteristic lesion: skeletal and cardiac myonecrosis.

Hint 39

JVDI 22
570-577
(2010)

Front 40

Ovine heritable arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.
1. 3 characteristic lesions of the syndrome?
2. Mode of inheritance?
3. Similar to what bovine disease?

Back 40

1. - kyphoscoliosis, with ass. abnormalities of ribs and sternum.
- distal arthrogryposis of carpal and tarsal joints.
- clef hard and soft palate or palatoschisis.(NO cleft lip)
2. Male-female affected equally, in multiple births also normal lambs: autosomal recessive. (progeny of 2 rams, inbred flock).
3. bovine heritable arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: Angus breed, aut.rec, singel bull.

Hint 40

JCP 143
14-19
(2010)

Front 41

Acute bovine laminitis after oligofructose overload.
1. Joints affected?
2. Synovial fluid?
3. Synovial membranes?
4. MD?

Back 41

1. tarsocrural joints.
2. turbid, with increased protein content and WBC count.
3. fibrinous and neutrophil inflammatory reaction.
4. Generalized sterile neutrophilic polysynovitis.

Hint 41

JCP
129-138
(2010)

Front 42

Congenital hepatic fibrosis in 5 dogs.
1. Histo?
2. Pathogenesis?
3. CK7 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in bile ducts ?
4. What is the ductal plate?
5. Markers?

Back 42

1. Diffuse periportal to bridging fibrosis with numerous small often irregular bile ducts and reduction in the number of portal vein branches.
2. Abormal development of the ductal plate.
3. CK 7 +, pcn ant -
4. =end-limiting plate = 2-cell layer hepatoblasts round embryonic portal vein, precrusor to the interlobular bile ducts.
4. CK 7 and 19 +

Hint 42

Vet Pathol 47
102-107
(2010)

Front 43

Hepatoblastoma in the horse.
1. Age range reported?
2. IHC?
3. Metastases?

Back 43

1. Late-term aborted fetuses to 3 years.
2. Alpha-fetoprotein, cytokeratin, vimentin: variably +, no one IHC pattern exists.
3. To other liver lobes, hepatocellular carcinoma reported metastasized to mesenteric lnn

Hint 43

JVDI 22,2
174-183
(2010)

Front 44

Copper in cow livers.
1. DIfference between Holstein Friesians and Galician Blondes?
2. Cu levels in different parts of the liver?
3. In vivo needle biopsy is accurate?

Back 44

1. HF > (slightly) GB
2. left lobe > processus papillaris. Lowest: caudate and quadrate lobes.
3. Yes.

Hint 44

JVDI 22,2
277-281
(2010)

Front 45

Lethal ricin intoxication in dogs.
1. clinic?
2. Organs affected?
3. Histo?

Back 45

1. vomiting and hemorrhagic diarrhea
2. GI, kidney, heart, lnn, and spleen
3. tubular degeneration and necrosis, membranous glomerulonephritis, myocardial degeneration with focal inflammation; lymphoid necrosis and depletion of spleen and mes lnn.

Hint 45

JVDI 22, 3
466-468
(2010)

Front 46

Sialyl Lewis x-modified core 2 branched O glycans (C2-O-sLex) in canine gastric carcinomas.
1. Staining in tumors?
2. PAS and alcian blue in gastric tumors?

Back 46

1. poorly differentiated carcinomas had more diffuse and larger intensely stained areas of C2-OsLex than moderate to well-diff. Normal = -, 56% of tumors +
2. signet ring-type carcinomas > tubular carcinomas

Hint 46

Vet pathol 47
455-461
(2010)

Front 47

Amyloid of canine amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor (APOT).
1. similar to which proteins?
2. Negative for (7)?
3. cells of origin?
4. Proposed renaming of tumor?
5. Neoplastic cell staining for ameloblastin, sheathlin, amelogenin, APOT amyloid?

Back 47

1. ameloblastin and sheathlin: both enamel proteins.
2. amyloid-A, GFAP, S100, CK, vimentin, desmin, alpha-SMA
4. Canine amyloid-producing ameloblastoma
5. all focally +

Hint 47

Vet pathol 47, 5
915-922
(2010)

Front 48

COX-1 and COX-2 in canine cutaneous, oral and ocular melanocytic tumors.
1. COX-1 +?
2. COX-2 +?

Back 48

1. COX-1 + in virtually all.
2. COX-2 + in 11/20 cutaneous melanomas, all oral melanomas, 1/2 ocular melanomas.
Malignant > benign

Hint 48

JCP 143
142-149
(2010)

Front 49

Equine dysautonomia (grass sickness) intestinal biopsies.
1. Sensitivity and specificity of formalin-fixed ileal biopsies and cryostat ileum sections?
2. Changes in neurons?

Back 49

1. Formalin: both 100%, cryostat: sensitivity 100%, specificity 73%.
2. Degenerative changes in autonomic ganglia and enteric neurons: a.o. chromatolysis, vacuolation, nuclear pyknosis, reduction number neurons: mimic freeze artefacts -> low specificity cryostat

Hint 49

JVDI 22,2
248-252
(2010)

Front 50

Brachyspira murdochii in pigs.
1. Pathogenic?
2. Disease?

Back 50

1. Low pathogenicity.
2. In high numbers ass. to surface epithelium catarrhal colitis in 2/8 pigs.

Hint 50

Vet pathol 47,2
334-338
(2010)

Front 51

Porcine proliferative entheropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis.
1. Early infection in which cells?
2. Infection of lamina propria?

Back 51

1. Not only mitotically active cells of the crypts but also mature differentiated enterocytes at the tips of villi.
2. single bacteria in the lamina propria 12 hpi, with further spread 5 dpi.

Hint 51

JCP 143
87-93
(2010)

Front 52

Bovine urothelial tumours.
1. Four distinct growth patterns?
2. Most common flat urothelial lesion?
3. Most common urothelial tumor?
4. 2 other important papillary lesions?
5. Overall incidence in cattle?

Back 52

1. flat, exphytic or papillary, endophytic, and invasive.
2. Carcinoma in situ: 4%; present adjacent to papillary or invasive tumours in 80-90%.
3. Low grade carcinoma
4. Papillomas and papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (3 and 5% of papillary lesions)
5. 0.01% ; >90% of adult cattle grazing bracken fern pastures.

Hint 52

JCP 142,
95-108
(2010)

Front 53

Bovine urothelial tumours.
1. Role of papillomavirus in pathogenesis?
2. Role of bracken fern in pathogenesis?

Back 53

1. BPV1-2 infect urothelial. BPV-2 most common, produces oncogenes E5, E6, E7.
E5= most commonly isolated. 2 mechanisms: via PDGF-beta receptor (growth independent of PDGF) and via postranslational activation of c-Src.
2. Bracken fern contains (different concentrations of) ptaquiloside, a carcinogen by inducing DNA alkylation in specific organs when in alkaline conditions, causing mutations in H-ras1, GTP-ase important in cell-cycle.

Hint 53

JCP 142,
95-108
(2010)

Front 54

Melamine associated renal failure in pigs.
1. Gross?
2. Histo?
3. Histo crystals?

Back 54

1. Swollen yellowish kidneys, perirenal edema, dilated renal pelvis, atrophy of cortex and medulla.
2. Degeneration, necrosis and regeneration throughout the nephrons (mostly distal), with dilated glomerular tufts and intra- and peritubular neutrophils.
3. Round yellow-brown crystals with radiation striations.

Hint 54

Vet Pathol 46,
1156-1159
(2009)

Front 55

Bovine urothelial tumours.
1. Pathway involved in pathogenesis?
2. 2 other upregulated transforming signals?

Back 55

1. E5→PDGF-betaR→PI3K-AKT pathway→ cyclin D3→ G1 phase cell cycle
2. pJNK and pJUN overexpressed in tumour compared to normal tissue

Hint 55

JCP143,
173-178
(2010)

Front 56

Bovine urothelial tumors.
1. Expression of sigma-2 receptors?
2. Association with histological grade?

Back 56

1. Overexpressed in both lowe-grade and high-grade carcinoma.
2. Significantly more receptor density in high-grade tumors.

Hint 56

JCP 142,
19-26
(2010)

Front 57

Ferritin heavy chain (FHC) in urothelial tumors of cattle.
1. Up-regulated?
2. Associated with what nuclear factor?
3. Proposed role of FHC in bovine papillomavirus pathogenesis?
4. Proposed role of FHC in metastasis?

Back 57

1. Yes.
2. p65, component of NF-kappaB transcription factor.
3. NF-kappaB/p65→upregulation FHC→ iron sequestration→ suppression of apoptosis by inhibition of ROS.
4. Bladder tumors rarely metastasize: attributed to FHC inhibition of CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis and cell migration.

Hint 57

JCP 142,
9-18
(2010)

Front 58

Peliosis hepatis in cats.
1. Associated with Bartonella henselae infection?
2. In dog?

Back 58

1. No
2. Yes

Hint 58

Vet Pathol 47
163-...
(2010)

Front 59

Zygomycotic lymphadenitis in feedlot cattle.
1. Organ affected?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. species?

Back 59

1. Mesenteric lymph nodes.
2. Enlarged, firm, mottled gray-white to yello with multiple granular to caseocalcareous foci.
3. Necrosis, granulomas, fibrosis, ass. lymphangitis.
4. Rhizomucor pusillus voornamelijk.

Hint 59

Vet pathol 47
108-...
(2010)

Front 60

Canine influenza virus.
1. Virus?
2. TNF-alpha expression in macrophages?
3. Trypan blue stain?

Back 60

1. Influenza A, orthomyxoviridae, related to H3N8 equine influenza virus.
2. upregulated.
3. Cannot pass intact membranes so stains degenerating and dead cells (blue)

Hint 60

Vet Pathol 46
1187-1196
(2009)

Front 61

Canine H3N8 influenza virus.
1. Gross?
2. Cells infected?
3. Gross in greyhounds?

Back 61

1. necrotizing and hyperplastic tracheitis and bronchitis.
- involvement of submucosal glands
- mild bronchiolitis and pneumonia
2. bronchial and tracheal epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages.
3. severe pulmonary hemorrhage with hemothorax. (many dogs: 2nd bacterial inf).

Hint 61

Vet pathol 2010
507-517
(2010)

Front 62

Familial acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in Dalmatians.
1. Lesions?
2. Origin of proliferative lesions?
3. Resembling man acute interstitial pneumonia or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Back 62

1. - multiple foci of marked atypical hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia of the bronchiolar epithelium
- patchy ongoing fibrosis with myofibroblastic metaplasia
-smooth muscle hyperplasia
- occasional honeycombing of alveolar walls
-hyperplasia of atypical type II pneumocytes
- areas of acute alveolar edema with hyaline membranes in partially normal lung.
- moderate lymphohistiocytic interstitial infammation.
2. Bronchiolar origin, expanding into peribronchiolar alveolar spaces, sometimes pre-neoplastic, once bronchoalveolarcarcinoma
3. IPF related interstitial pneumonia

Hint 62

JCP 2009
25259
(2009)

Front 63

H1N1 pneumonia in cats.
1. Histo?
2. Cells infected?
3. H5N1 lesions in cat?
4. Other species affected?

Back 63

1. moderate to severe necrotizing to pyonecrotizing bronchointerstitial pneumonia with serofibrinouss exudation and hyaline membranes in the alveolar spaces
2. bronchiolar epithelial cells, pneumocytes, and alveolar macrophages
3. bronchointerstitial pneumonia with serofibrinous to neutrophilic alveolar exudate.
4. cynomolgus monkeys, BALB/c mice, miniature pigs, ferrets

Hint 63

Vet Pathol 47
378-386
(2010)

Front 64

Cytauxzoon felis in the cat.
1. ND?
2. Lung lesions?
3. Pathogenesis?
4. Vector?

Back 64

1. Cytauxzoonosis
2. - interstitial pneumonia (mod)
- increase alveolar macrophages (mild)
- intra-alveolar hemorrhage (mild)
- neutrophils infiltrating peribronchial and septal interstitium (mod)
- vascular occlusion (mod to severe)
3. Vascular occlusion by macrophages distende by megaschizont parasite stages within liver, spleen, and lung
4. Ticks

Hint 64

Vet Pathol 47
698-702
(2010)

Front 65

Which ONE of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding feline cytauxzoonosis?
a. vascular occlusion is sever.
b. there is an associated moderate interstitial pneumonia
c. Cytauxzoonosis is usually rapidly fatal
d. cytauxzoonosis is transmitted by ticks
e. Sporozoites are found in cytoplasm of macrophages occluding blood vessels.

Back 65

E. Megaschizonts and merozoites are present in the macrophages.

Hint 65

Vet pathol 47
698-702
(2010)

Front 66

Collagen in recurrent airway obstruction in the horse.
1. Difference in the relative amount of collagen i and II between normal and RAO horses?

Back 66

1. NO

Hint 66

Vet Pathol 47
982-990
(2010)

Front 67

H1N1 in pigs.
1. Lesions in the lung?
2. Lesions in other organs?
3. Cells infected?

Back 67

1. Distinctive, scattered, dark-red foci of lobular consolidation (chessboard-like), severe necrotizing bronchiolitis
2. serofibrinous polyserositis
3. bronchiolar epithelia only.
suspected human-to-pig transmission

Hint 67

EID 16,2
304-307
(2010)

Front 68

5-Lox and COX-2 in porcine parasitic bronchopneumonia
1. Products associated with these 2?
2. Staining in normal vs. diseased lungs?

Back 68

1. 5-Lox→ leukotriene B4; COX-2 → PGE2
2. Normal: only bronchiolar epithelial cells, increased in disease in a wide range of cell types in foci of granulomatous and eosinophilic bronchopneumonia

Hint 68

JCP
139-146
(2010)

Front 69

Proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia in pigs.
1. Characterized by?
2. Association with PRRSV, PCV2, ADV (aujezsky)?
3. Coinfection PRRSV and PCV2?`

Back 69

1. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes and coagulative necrosis and granular debris within alveolar spaces.
2. PRRSV 11/28, PCV2 4/28, coinfection 8/28. No ADV.
3. more severe microscopical changes

Hint 69

JCP 142
74-78
(2010)

Front 70

Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC)
1. Characterized by?
2. Most frequently found pathogens (4)
3. Number of pathogens found?

Back 70

1. cranioventral bronchopneumonia.
2. PCV2, M. hyopneumoniae, M. hyorhinis and Pasteurella multocida.
3. 5 bacteria, 5 viruses, 2 mycoplasmas

Hint 70

JCP 143
120-131
(2010)

Front 71

Cytokine expression in PRRSV infected lungs.
1. Cell predominantly infected?
2. Severity of pathology correlated with which cytokines; with viral load?
3. How does PRRSV modulate immune response?
4. Cells predominantly producing cytokines?

Back 71

1. Alveolar macrophage
2. IL1alpha, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; not with viral load
3. via upregulation IL-10→ reduces expression of IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-12p40 and TNF-alpha
4. septal macrophages.

Hint 71

JCP 142
51-60
(2010)

Front 72

Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
1. Cause
2. Tumor outcome observed via CT?
3. Genetic mutations found?
4. cell of origin?

Back 72

1. Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus
2. Progression, but more often regression of OPA via CD3+ T cells and antibodies against JSRV.
3. No mutations found in EGFR, KRAS codons 12 and 13, DNA-binding domain of p53
4. Differentiated alveolar type II cells and nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells.

Hint 72

Vet Pathol 47
148-162
(2010)

Front 73

Ovine progressive pneumonia virus.
1. Virus?
2. Tissues affected?
3. Cells infected? In which tissues
4. Peripheral blood leucocyte OPP provirus levels correlated to histo scores?

Back 73

1. aka visna-maedivirus = ovine lentivirus.
2. lung, mamma, synovial membranes of carpal joint, choroid plexus.
3. Anti-inflammatory (CD163) and downregulatory (CD172a) alveolar macrophages of lungs and mamma. Not in CD163/CD172a cells in joint.
also: intercellular in synovial membrane, pulmonary interstitial macrophages, mammary alveolar cells.
4. yes

Hint 73

Vet Pathol 47
518-528
(2010)

Front 74

Sheep pox virus infection in the lungs.
1. Virus?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. Expression of surfactant protein, thyroid transcription factor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen?
5. T and B cell infiltrates?

Back 74

1. Genus Capripox, subfamily Chordopoxvirinae, family Poxviridae.
2. subpleural white pock nodules, and typical papules in the skin.
3. proliferative alveolitis and bronchiolitis, with focal areas of caseous necrosis, neutrophils, lymphocytes, ICIB.
4. SP: in hyperplastic type II pneumocytes, not in hyperplastic or normal bronchiolar epithelium.
TTF-1 in all type II pneumocytes
PCNA + in pock nodules
5. Moderate to abundant T, few B cells in pock lesions.

Hint 74

JCP 143
132-141
(2010)

Front 75

Pathology and pathogenesis of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
1. ND
2. Why is controlling the disease so difficult?
3. Cells involved?
4. How does JSRV induce neoplastic transformation?
5. Peripheral blood beeld?

Back 75

1. Jaagsiekte
2. Period between infection and clinical signs may be years; absence of specific cellular or humoral immune responses.
3. Mainly type II pneumocytes (82%), Clara cells and undifferentiated cells.
4. JSRV Env protein is directly oncogenic
5. reduced number CD4 T cells, increased neutrophil numbers.

Hint 75

JCP 142
260-283
(2010)

Front 76

Atherosclerose in the dog.
1. Associated with which conditions?
2. Histo?
3. AGEs accumulate in lymphocytes, foam cells and macrophages. What are AGEs?
4. Biologic effects of AGE accumulation?

Back 76

1. Hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus.
2. Expansion of the tunica media by the accumulation of foam cells and/or cholesterol crystals; mineralization and intra- and extracellular lipids as well as mild mononuclear infiltration.
3. AGE= advanced glycation end products, resulting from glycation and oxidation of proteins, lipids and nucleic acid.
4. - covalently crosslinking with proteins, changing functional characteristics
- suppresion cellular antioxidants defense mechanisms and allow release of oxygen radicals
- binding to range of cellular receptors resulting in cellular dysfunction.

Hint 76

JCP 143,1
65-69
(2010)

Front 77

Dilated cardiomyopathy in Estrela mountain dogs.
1. Characterization of DCM?
2. 3 histologic features in this breed?
3. Other breeds affected?
4. Best sampling place?

Back 77

1. Primary myocardial disorder characterized by dilation and reduced contractility of the left ventricle or both ventricles with an unknown familial origin.
2. AWFs (= thin (attenuated) wavy myofibers), fibrosis and fatty infiltration.
3. boxers and Dobermans: fatty-infiltration degenerative type; and large and giant breed: attenuated wavy fibre type.
4. Middle portion of left ventricular free wall.

Hint 77

Vet Pathol 47
637-642
(2010)

Front 78

Cardiac valvular disease in Bull terriers.
1. 2 common heart conditions in the Bull terrier?
2. Associated heart pathology?
3. Extra lesions in sudden death?

Back 78

1. Myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve with regurgitation; subaortic stenosis.
2. Arteriosclerosis of coronary vessels (possibly due to turbulence); also in young dogs.
3. Myocardial interstitial inflammation and fibrosis esp. ass. with conduction tissue.

Hint 78

Vet pathol 46
1149-1155
(2010)

Front 79

African horse sickness.
1. Virus, how many serotypes?
2. Tissue tropism?
3. Cell tropism?
4. Vector?
5. Other species affected?
6. 3 forms of clinical disease?

Back 79

1. African horse sickness virus, orbivirus, rheoviridae. 9 serotypes.
2. Lung and heart, followed by spleen.
3. Micovascular endothelial cells and monocyte-macrophages (monocytes> macrophages)
4. cullicoides sp.
5. Dog when eating enough affected horse meat.
6. Peracute pulmonary form: fibrin rich pulmonary edema and hydrothorax.
Subacute cardiac form: subcutaneous edema, hydropericardium, ecchymoses on epi- and endocardium.
Mild fever form with transien rise in temp.

Hint 79

Vet pathol 47
690-697
(2010)

Front 80

Rhabdomyoma in pigs.
1. Tissue?
2. Gross and histo?
3. IHC: cell of origin?
4. Proposed term?

Back 80

1. Most common in the myocardium.
2. multiple <2cm well-circumscribed nodules in the left ventricular wall, composed of large, vacuolated, glycogen-loaded cells.
3. Vimentin, desmin, neuron-specific enolase, atrial natriuretic peptide and protein gene product 9.5 = marker for neuronal tissue and Purkinje fiber cells.
4. purkinjeoma or purkinjematosis.

Hint 80

Vet pathol 47
738-740
(2010)

Front 81

Cardiac angioleiomyoma in cattle.
1. Gross?
2 . Age?
3. 2 histologic patterns?
4. Cells identified?
5. Cell of origin?

Back 81

1. 38/44 solitary, 6/44 multiple masses.
2. 10 months to 10 year, 82% < 3 years.
3. Pattern 1: interlacing fascicles of spindle-shaped cells.
Pattern 2: cavernous hemangioma. Both patterns linked by transitional zones, both had giant cells.
4. Spindle-shaped cells: smooth muscle cells, giant cells were endothelial cells with showing of angiogenesis.
5. Subendocardial multipotential mesenchymal cells, persistent tissue of the endocardial cushion, or valvular interstitial cells.

Hint 81

Vet pathol 47
923-930
(2010)

Front 82

H5N1 HPAI in waterfowl.
1. Mute swans: tropism, mortality, organs?
2. Ruddy shelducks: mortality, organs?
3. Mandarin ducks: mortality, organs?
4. Greylag geese: mortality, organs?
5. Mallard ducks: mortality, organs?

Back 82

1. vascular endothelial tropism, 100% mortality, necrotic and inflammatory changes in: pancreas, brain, spleen, heart, oral cavity, adrenal gland, lung and liver.
2. 100%, time to death delayed, brain, heart, pancreas, spleen.
3. 1 death, brain, heart, pancreas, spleen.
4. residual meningoencephalitis, 0%
5. Asymptomatic infection of respiratory and GI tract.

Hint 82

Vet pathol 47
495-506
(2010)

Front 83

Pulmonary tumor in cockatiels.
1. Tumor characteristics?
2. IHC?
3. EM?
4. Avian polyomavirus ISH?
5. Common tumors in cockatiels?
6. Less uncommon pulmonary neoplasms in birds?

Back 83

1. Compact sheets of anaplastic round to polygonal cells, high MI, occ. light to basophilic INIB, invasion, no metastases. Prevalence 0,9%.
2. Vimentin, lysozyme +, 1/6 pancytokeratin+
3. Intracytoplasmic intermediate filaments, desmosomes, intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations (INIB).
4. -
5. SCC, fibrosarcoma and myelolipoma in skin. Visceral: oviduct and ovarian adenocarcinoma, seminoma, pancreatic adenocarcima.
6. Air sac adenocarcinoma in cockatoos, lung adenocarcinomas in ducks, fibromas and fibrosarcomas in lung chickens.

Hint 83

Vet Pathol 46
1100-1108
(2009)

Front 84

Ronidazole toxicosis in Society Finches.
1. Clinic?
2. Histo?
3. Ronidazole is used for?

Back 84

1. neurological signs.
2. Focal necrosis of the cerebellar nucleus, characterized by neuronal necrosis, vacuolation of the neuropil, gemistocytic astrocytosis, hemorrhage, and axonal swelling with demyelination.
3. Treatment of trichomoniasis.

Hint 84

Vet pathol 47
231-235
(2010)

Front 85

Cryptosporidium in otus owls (Otus scops).
1. Cryptosporidium sp?
2. Clinic?
3. Histo?

Back 85

1. Cryptosporidium baileyi.
2. Blepharoedema, conjunctival hyperemia and mucopurulent ocular discharge.
3. Intense irregular epithelial hyperplasia, abundant heterophils in mucosa and lamina propria.

Hint 85

AP 39,3
171-176
(2010)

Front 86

Retrovirus in renal neoplasia in budgerigars?

Back 86

No

Hint 86

AP 39,3
(2010)

Front 87

Novel sarcocystis species in domestic pigeons.
1. Clinic?
2. Histo?
3. Which sarcocystis?
4. Which are infectious for chickens? And ducks?

Back 87

1. resemble Paramyxovirus-1 or Salmonella Typhimurium: depression, polyuria, torticollis, opisthotonus, paralysis, trembling, and death.
2. Numerous cysts in muscles, multif. liver necrosis, encephalitis, myositis.
3. Closely related or identical to a Sarcocystis sp. identified in a Coopers hawk in USA (this is Germany). Not related to S. falculata and S. lindsayi.
4. Chickens = S. horvathi and S. wenzeli.
ducks = S. rileyi

Hint 87

EID 16,3
(2010)

Front 88

Avian bornavirus in PDD.
1. virus? Family?
2. Clinic?
3. Histo characteristic?
4. Other family virus?

Back 88

1. Avian bornavirus = family Bornaviridae
2. Neurologic: weakness, ataxia, seizures, blindness, GI: weight loss, passage of undigested food, regurgitation, or a combination of both.
3. Severe lymphoplasmacytic ganglioneuritis in the intestinal tract.
4. Borna disease virus (BDV) in horses and sheep.

Hint 88

EID 16,3
(2010)

Front 89

West Nile virus in American White Pelicans
1. Transmission?
2. Clinic?
3. Organs best for virus testing (RT-PCR)?

Back 89

1. Likely via mosquitoes (Culex tarsalis)
2. 6-12 week old chicks with ataxia, torticollis, reluctance or inability to move.
3. feather pulp, brain, heart, and skin.

Hint 89

EID 16,3
(2010)

Front 90

Escherichia albertii in redpoll finches.
1. Difference with E. coli?
2. Gross and histo?

Back 90

1. E. albertii isolates possessed intimin (eae) and cytolethal distending toxin (cdtB) genes but lacked Shiga toxin (stx) genes.
2. distended intestines with yellow to green digesta, severe fibrinous and necrotizing proventriculitis, multifocal heterophilic enteritis and small crypt abscessation. NO septicemia

Hint 90

EID 16, 4
(2010)

Front 91

Mycobacterium intracellulare in little blue penguins.
1. Clinic?
2. Gross?
3. PCR on feces?

Back 91

1. chronic wasting, lethargy and weakness. Poor feather condition, abdominal distension, lameness and subcutaneous masses.
2. yellow to white caseous nodules in enlarged liver or spleen. Also in resp. tract. Oral plaques, thickened air sacs, base of the heart.
3. - in this species.

Hint 91

JZWM 40(4)
680-686
(2009)

Front 92

Trichomonas gallinae in house finches.
1. Most common sites of infection in classical presentation (doves ao)?
2. Difference with classical clinical presentation?

Back 92

1. esophagus, oral cavity, eyelids, crop.
2. <25% had caseous stomatitis or ingluvitis, 35% of finches had lesions of GI tract distal to the proventriculus.

Hint 92

JZWM 41(2)
249-254
(2010)

Front 93

Hyperthyroidism in Fishers (Martes pennanti)
1. Associated thyroid lesion?
2. Other associated necropsy findings?

Back 93

1. Adenomatous hyperplasia.
2. Cardiac hypertrophy, congestive heart failure, vascular lesions consistent with hypertension, progressive alopecia, geriatric animals.

Hint 93

JZWM 41(2)
296-308
(2010)

Front 94

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in canaries.
1. What is an epornitic?
2. Clinic?
3. Gross?
4. Histo?
5. Origin of Salmonella?

Back 94

1. = attacking many birds in a region at the same time or pertaining to a disease of high morbidity that is occasionally present in a bird population.
2. Lethargic, watery or mucoid diarrhea with excess urate deposits.
3. Congestion of organs and multifocal liver necrosis.
4. Necrosis of parenchymatous organs, esp. liver, with variable degrees of granulocyte and mononuclear infiltration and fibrin deposition.
5. Contaminated feedstuffs.

Hint 94

AP 38(6)
437-441
(2009)

Front 95

Avian borna virus in parrots.
1. Viremia?
2. ABV and clinical signs?

Back 95

1. Viremia in the PDD affected bird, restriction to nerve tissue in the on-PDD-affected bird.
2. 32% of clinically healthy, exposed birds showed ABV RNA in cloacal swabs , and the same serological response as the animal with confirmed PDD.

Hint 95

AP 38(6)
491-496
(2010)

Front 96

Sarcocystis falcatula in free-ranging eagles.
1. Tissues affected?
2. Definitive host?
3. Confirmed intermediate hosts?

Back 96

1. intravascular schizonts and merozoites in lung, lymphohistiocytic encephalitis; also skeletal muscles and heart.
2. Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginia)
3. Psittaciformes, Passeriformes, Columbiformes, Strigiformes, Falconiformes

Hint 96

JVDI 22,2
282-289
(2010)

Front 97

Non-West Nile-mortality in American crows.
1. Common gross necropsy findings? (4)
2. Common histo findings? (4)

Back 97

1. external trauma, hepatosplenomegaly, poxviral dermatitis, pneumonia.
2. Endoparasitism, multifocal hepatic and splenic necrosis, pigment accumulation in the spleen, disseminated bacterial infection.

Hint 97

JVDI 22,2
289-295
(2010)

Front 98

Transplacental transmission of bluetongue virus 8 in cattle.
1. Possible?
2. Carrier state?

Back 98

1. Yes, 33% were infected transplacentally, some had compromised health.
2. No evidence of persistent infection.

Hint 98

EID 15, 12
(2009)

Front 99

Malignant edema in postpartum dairy cattle.
1. Possible etiologies?
2. Etiology in this report?
3. Other diseases caused by these etiologies?
4. Clinic?
5. Histo?

Back 99

1. Clostridium septicum, perfringens, novyi, and chauvoei (gents of aka gas gangrene).
2. Cl. septicum.
3. C. chauvoei = blackleg; novyi = black disease; septicum = braxy; perfringens= clostridial enterotoxemias.
4. swelling of perianal and perivulvar areas, fever, depression.
5. Vulvar, vaginal, cervical and uterine bocy tears; mucosa multifocally necrotic and ulcerated. Subcutaneous and submucosal edema.

Hint 99

JVDI 21
920-924
(2009)

Front 100

BVDV-1 subtype b in calves and fetuses.
1. Gross/clinic?
2. Lesions in inoculated calves?

Back 100

1. Outbreak of premature births, late-term abortions, brachygnathism, growth retardation, malformations of brain and cranium (hydranencephaly), rare extracranial skeletal malformations.
2. thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and leukopenia.

Hint 100

JVDI 22,1
128-131
(2010)

Front 101

Nocardia in bovine abortion.
1. Which nocardia?
2. Other diseases caused by Nocardia spp in bovine?
3. Histo?

Back 101

1. Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia farcinia (this report). Branching and filamentous, Gram+ bacteria
2. Bovine mastitis, cutaneous or subcutaneous abscesses, pneumoniia, disseminated disease. Abortion is uncommon (horse, pig, cattle).
3. Necrotizing and suppurative placentitis, pyogranulomatous pneumonia and nephritis (fetus).

Hint 101

JVDI 22,1
108-111
(2010)

Front 102

Insulin-like growth factor-II and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in bovine cystic ovarian disease.
1. Role of IGF-II?
2. IGF-II increased? In which cells?

Back 102

1. stimulates thecal cell steroidogenesis. Controlled by IGF binding proteins via post-translational modifications: binding proteins omlaag during growth, up during atresia.
2. Increased IGF in cystic follicles, mainly with granulosa cellss. IGFBP-2 was lower, overall IGFBP not changed.

Hint 102

JCP 142
193-204
(2010)

Front 103

Canine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.
1. Multistep development of prostate cancer?
2. PIN vs. normal in basal epithelial cells, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, nuclear androgen receptor?
3. Histo PIN?

Back 103

1. normal, to prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), to invasive neoplasia.
2. More basal cells (via p63), more PCNA, heterogenous AR.
3. Proliferation of pre-existing ducts and acini, with mild to moderate nuclear pleomorphism and cellular crowding. Often macrophages in the lumen of abnormal glands.

Hint 103

JCP 142, 1
84-88
(2010)

Front 104

KIT protein (CD117) in canine testis.
1. Tumors of testis?
2. Subclassification of seminoma? Distinction is made how?
3. Expression of KIT in several tumors?
4. KIT a better method than PLAP for seminoma typing?

Back 104

1. Interstitial cell tumor, Sertoli cell tumor, seminoma.
2. Classical seminoma and spermatocytic seminoma, on basis of placental alkaline phosphatase + (SE = +)
3. ICT = +, SCT = -, seminoma 7/10 +
4. Human seminomas can reach the stage of spermatogonia where PLAP is lost but KIT is maintained. So KIT is more appropriate. (+ = SE, - =SS)

Hint 104

JCP 142
213-217
(2010)

Front 105

Buggy creek virus in house sparrows.
1. Virus?
2. Vector? Zoonosis?
3. Clinic?
4. Most common finding? Other findings?
5. Histo?

Back 105

1. Alphavirus = Togavirus, in the Western equine encephalomyelitis virus complex.
2. Cimicid swallow bug (ectoparasite of Cliff Swallow), not mosquitos. Not zoonotic.
3. ataxia, torticollis, paresis, lethargy.
4. Encephalitis, also myositis, myocarditis, hepatic changes, but highly variable pathology.
5. mild lymphoplasmacellular cuffing with few heterophils in brain, necrosis with lymphoplasmacellular infiltrate and few heterophils in skeletal muscle and heart.

Hint 105

JWD 46,1
23-32
(2010)

Front 106

Salt gland adenitis in blue penguins (Eudyptula minor).
1. Gross?
2. Histo?
3. Cause?

Back 106

1. Unilateral enlargement of the salt glands with disseminated , small, pale, firm foci.
2. Multifocal granulomas and areas of severe squamous metaplasia of the collecting ducts. Also hyperplasia, dysplasia, necrosis with severe granulomatous inflammation.
3. Intralesional gram-negative bacteria, not cultured.

Hint 106

JWD 46, 1
46-54
(2010)

Front 107

West Nile virus in yellow-billed magpie (pica nuttalli).
1. Lesions?
2. Organs affected?
3. Susceptibility?

Back 107

1. Vasculitis and necrosis.
2. Brain, heart, liver, GI
3. 80% of dead necropsied magpies had PCR +. High morbidity and mortality, population decline.

Hint 107

JWD 46, 2
401-408
(2010)

Front 108

H13N6 avian influenza in ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis).
1. Organs affected?
2. Sensitivity and specificity for associations between AIV antibodies and lesions?

Back 108

1. Periportal lymphocytic infiltration/necrosis, interstitial nephritis, respiratory inflammation, pancreatic infiltrate.
2. Sensitivity for all +/- 50 %, specificity 60-70%, except nephritis: 28%

Hint 108

AD 54, 1
411-419
(2010)

Front 109

White stork (ciconia ciconia) chick mortality.
1. Most common pathology?
2. Most common etiology?
3. Other etiologies?

Back 109

1. Fungal granulomatous pneumonia (44%)
2. Aspergillus fumigatus.
3. Various zygomycetes: a.o. Rhizopus microsporus, Rhizopus oryzae, Lichtheimia corymbifera. Thermomyces lanuginosus: 1st finding in pulmonary infections.

Hint 109

AD 54, 1
94-98
(2010)

Front 110

Salmonella Typhimurium in moluccan cockatoos.
1. Gross/histo?

Back 110

1. Necrotic foci with heterphils, macrophages, gram - rod-shaped bacteria in lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, and intestine.

Hint 110

AD 54, 1
131-135
(2010)

Front 111

Trichomonas gallinae in wild finches (family fringillidae).
1. Lesions?
2. Other pathogens found?

Back 111

1. Poor nutritional condition, necrotizing ingluvitis, esophagitis, and/or oropharyngitis.
2. Systemic E. coli, indicating secondary septicemia.

Hint 111

AD 54, 1
136-141
(2010)

Front 112

Venous hypertrophy in Whooper swans (cygnus cygnus).
1. Etiology?
2. Histo venous hypertrophy?
3. Organs affected?
4. Other parasite found?

Back 112

1. Schistozome, probably Trichobilharzia sp.
2. Characterized by marked nodular proliferation of medial smooth muscle fibers with frequent obliteration of the vascular lumen.
3. o.a. medium-sized veins of mesentery, Gi, liver, spleen, kidney, aorta, air sac, pleura.
4. Sarconema sp. nematodes in myocardium, probably Sarconema eurycerca.

Hint 112

AD 54,1
146-150
(2010)

Front 113

ORT in young falcons.
1. Etiology?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?

Back 113

1. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale.
2. Severe serofibrinous exudate in airsacs and liver enlargement.
3. severe acute fibrinous airsacculitis, visceral pleuritis, focal necrosis in spleen with lymphocytic depletion. No changes in other organs.

Hint 113

AD 54, 1
161-163
(2010)

Front 114

Uterine tumors of pet rabbits.
1. Expression of progesterone receptor in normal, hyperplastic, adenoma and carcinoma?
2. Idem CK19?
3. Idem Telomerase?
4. Idem Ki-67?
5. What does this say?

Back 114

1. 100% normal, 33% hyp, 100% ad, 66% carc.
2. 2/3 normal, 1/3 hyp, 0 ad, 5/6 carc
3. 1/3 normal, 3/3 hyp, 50% ad, 0 carc
4. 9 normal, ca 11 hyp, ca 19 ad and carc.
5. hormonal treatment and proliferative treatment may be more appropriate than anti-telomerase treatment.

Hint 114

JCP 142, 4
323-327
(2010)

Front 115

Disease found in captive kangaroos.
1. Most common types of disease?
2. Types of pneumonia found?
3. Toxoplasma found where?
4. Types of GI-disease found?

Back 115

1. GI-tract, pneumonia, toxoplasmose, gingivitis
2. Fibrinosuppurative and necrotizing, aspiration, embolic, alveolitis.
3. heart, lung, brain, liver.
4. enteritis/colitis, coccidiose, SItorsion, stomatitis, bloat

Hint 115

JVDI 22,2
324-326
(2010)

Front 116

Devil facial tumor disease.
1. Type of cell?

Back 116

1. A monophyletic clonally transmissible tumor of Schwann cell origin.

Hint 116

Science, 327
84-87
(2010)

Front 117

Techniques used in devil facial tumor disease sequencing.
1. Microsatellite genotyping?

Back 117

1. Microsatellites are simple sequence random repeats, di-, tri, tetra, or pentanucleotides. Mostly in noncoding regionas of DNA, the flanking regions allow locus-specific primers to amplify the microsatellites with PCR.
Advantages: 1. Locusspecific, 2. codominant (heterozygotes can be distinguished from homozygotes), 3. PCR based, 4. highly polymorphic: considerable pattern, 5. useful at scales from individual ID to fine-scale phylogenies.

Hint 117

Science, 327
84-87
(2010)

Front 118

Flaviviridae.
1. Which groups?
2. Most important viruses?
3. Lesions WNV in birds?

Back 118

1. Japanese encephalitis virus complex, tick-borne encephalitis virus complex, Dengue virus, Yellow fever virus.
2. JEV and WNV are spreading to new areas, these and tick-bornes are neurovirulent, Yellow fever and Dengue are viscerotropic and cause hemorrhagic fever.
3. brain hemorrhage, splenomegaly, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis.

Hint 118

Vet pathol 47,5
806-818
(2010)

Front 119

Henipavirus.
1. viruses and family?
2. Lesions in horses, pigs?
3. Reservoir?

Back 119

1. Nipah virus, Hendravirus, family paramyxoviridae.
2. Horses: hendravirus: low morbidity, 75% mortality due to necrotizing interstitial pneumonia.
Pigs: Nipah virus: amplifying host, 95% of pigs survive, encephalitis in man.
3. Macrochiopterans.

Hint 119

Vet pat 47(5)
871-880
(2010)

Front 120

Parasites of the brush-tailed rock-wallaby (petrogale penicillata)
1. Toxplasma, fecal egg and oocyst counts? 2. Skin lesions?

Back 120

1. 5% antibody tegen toxoplasma, highly variable egg counts (99% had eggs), higher in adults than in subadults. Oocyte and egg count were negatively associated.
Oocyst from eimeria sharmani and e. petrogale.
2. More skin rash in November, a mite Thadeua sp, was more likely in the lesion than not.

Hint 120

JWD 46, 1
218-228
(2010)

Front 121

Novel calicivirus in rabbits.
1. Other caliciviridae in rabbits and hares?
2. Clinic?
3. Gross?
4. Histo?
5. Name of the new virus?

Back 121

1. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, European brown hare syndrome virus (bith genus lagovirus), non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus.
2. Vulvular hemorrhage, epistaxis, ataxia, opisthotonus, diarrhea, ocular discharge, vocalization and death (32,5%)
3. Friable liver, conjunctival congestion, cyanosis of lips and eartips.
4. Multifocal random or periportal hepatocellular necrosis. Pulmonary and uterine hemorrhages.
5. Michigan rabbit calicivirus (MRCV)

Hint 121

EID 15,
december
(2009)

Front 122

Herpesvirus in two monitor lizards (varanus spp.)
1. Gross?
2. Histo?
3. Novel virus?

Back 122

1. Tan, 1-2 mm foci in mucosal surface of intestinen and in the liver.
2. Multifocal necrosis in lamina propria and liver. Large, eosinophilic INIB.
3. 80% nucleotidee identity to Varanid herpesvirus 2, so a novel pathogenic herpesvirus in the Varanidae.

Hint 122

JVDI 22,2
295-299
(2010)

Front 123

Heart malformations in juvenile ball pytons.
1. Gross?
2. Effects?

Back 123

1. Enlarged and abnormally shaped cardiac chambers. Defect of the muscular ridge, normally responsible for the systemic and pulmonary circuits (other snake species do not have this, always same pressure pulmonary and systemic)
2. Systolic pressures the same in pulmonary and systemic arteries, as in other snakes, apparently not much effect.

Hint 123

JZWM 40,4
752-756
(2009)

Front 124

Photodermatitis and photokeratoconjunctivitis in several reptiles.
1. Cause?
2. Clinic?
3. Gross?
4. Histo?

Back 124

1. A novel lamp with extremely high UV output, including very-short-wavelength UVB, not found in normal sunlight or in other lamps.
2. Lethargy, anorexia, reluctance to move, swollen eyes, corneal opacity, excessive shedding, epidermal erosions and overly moist skin.
3. Dysecdysis (abnormal shedding), poor body condition, intestinal nematodiasis.
4. Epidermal necrosis and ulceration, with severe epidermal basal cell degenartion and necrosis, and superficial dermatitis. Bilateral ulcerative keratoconjunctivitis with bacterial colonization.
Lesions suggestive of UV radiation damage.

Hint 124

JZWM 40,4
757-766
(2009)

Front 125

Gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas in bearded dragons (pogona vitticeps).
1. Clinic?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. IHC?
5. Other common diseases in bearded dragons?
6. role of tumor suppressor gene NF1?

Back 125

1. Anorexia, vomiting, hyperglycemia and anemia.
2. Multinodular tan to white firm masses in stomach and liver (metastasis). Ulceration of gastric mucosa. Few metastases in pancreas, kidney, intestine, ovary, heart and oviduct.
3. Gastric submucosa infiltrating into mucosa, neuroendocrine pattern with rosettes and pseudorosettes.
4. + for somatostatin only consistent finding. Some had multihormonal expression: probably somatostatinomas.
5. metabolic bone disease, egg binding, bacterial and fungal dermatitides and GI disease.
6. Tumor suppressor gene neurofibromin 1 was down in tumors (in humans connection neurofibromatosis 1 with somatostatinomas)

Hint 125

Vet pathol
1109-1116
(2009)

Front 126

Pathogenesis of chytridiomycosis.
1. Pathogen?
2. Pathogenisis?
3. Cause of death?

Back 126

1. Batrachochytrium dendrobatides.
2. electrolyte transport across epidermis was inhibited > 50%, plasma sodium and potassium down by 20% and 50%
3. Cause of death: asystolic cardiac arrest

Hint 126

Science 23 Oct
582-585
(2009)

Front 127

Chlamydia-like species found in bovine abortions.
1. Which are found (4)?

Back 127

- Chlamydophila abortus
- Waddlia chondrophila
- Parachlamydia acanthamoebae
- family Rhabdochlamydiaceae

Hint 127

EID, 16-8
August
(2010)

Front 128

Cross-reactivity of antibodies (human, porcine, bovine) to cetacean tissues.
1. Which did react in frozen and fixed tissues?
2. Which only in frozen?
3. Which did not react?

Back 128

1. CD3, IgG and lysozyme polyclonal antibodies.
2. Interleukins, TNF alpha, interferon -gamma only frozen not fixed.
3. porcine IL-12 pAB did not react.

Hint 128

JCP 143,1
45-51
(2010)

Front 129

Brucella in Striped Dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba)
1. Tissues affected?
2. Brucella antigen detected by immunofluorescence or IHC?
3. Brucella sp.?

Back 129

1. Meningoencephalomyelitis, placentitis and myocarditis.
2. With immunofluorescence in all, IHC only placenta and myocard.
3. Brucella ceti

Hint 129

JCP 142, 4
332-335
(2010)

Front 130

Multifocal granulomatous panniculitis in striped dolphiin (stenella coeruleoalba)
1. Gross?
2. Histo?
3. Cause?
4. DDx?

Back 130

1. multiple irregular 2 cm lesions in mid to deep blubber.
2. Multifocal to coalescing granulomas with ceroid in the MNG, and fat necrosis.
3. vit E deficiency (overfeed of fish high in unsaturated free fatty acids).
4. Nocardiosis, mycobacteriosis, lobomycosis and fusariosis.

Hint 130

JWD 46, 1
320-325
(2010)

Front 131

Cerebral toxoplasmosis in striped dolphins (stenella coeruleoalba).
1. histo?
2. Other lesions found?
3. Other parasites found?

Back 131

1. Severe nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis characterized by prominent perivascular mononuclear cell cuffing and macrophage accumulations in neuropil.
2. Severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia , not related.
3. in the lung: Halocherchus lagenorhynchi. Other organs with parasitic itis: liver, pancreas, subcutis and abdominal musculature.

Hint 131

Vet pathol 47, 2
245-253
(2010)

Front 132

A novel mycobacterium tuberculosis complex pathogen.
1. Name?
2. Species affected?
3. gross?
4. histo?
5. differences with " classic" tuberculosis?
6. suggested porte d'entree?

Back 132

1. mycobacterium mungi.
2. Banded mongooses (mungos mungo)
3. anorexia, nasal distortion, erosion of nasal planuma and hard palate, no erosions of nasal mucosa.
4. "TB lesions" , spread in the body suggestive of hematogenous/lymphatic spread.
5. 1. not aerogenous, but rather environmental spread via nasal planum abrasions. 2. high mortality in banded mongooses. 3. time clinical presentation to death is 2-3 months (often years in TB)
4. conventional lab culture, biochemical testing and a limited molecular evaluation were insufficient to distinguish from M. tuberculosis.
6. erosions on nasal planum/nose skin, not via aeorosol.

Hint 132

EID 16,8
august
(2010)

Front 133

Chemokines in lung tissue of cynomolgus macaques with SIV and pneumocystis carinii infection.
1. most upregulated immune genes?
2. which cells responsible?
3. Cause and effect?

Back 133

1. interferon, ifn-inducible CXCR3 ligands, CCR5 ligands, cognate chemokine receptors. Also IL-10 and TLR-3 (anti-inflammatory and could lead to higher local expression of inflammatory cytokines resp)
2. infiltrating monocytes/macrophages.
3. IFN, LPS and P. carinii together upregulated CXCR3 adn CCR5 ligand mRNAs: implicate both cytokines (IFN) and pathogens (SIV and P.carinii) as contributors to increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Hint 133

AJP 177
1274-1285
(2010)

Front 134

Substance P and neurokinin-1 receptor in brain of SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
1. SP =?
2. NK1-R = ?
3. cells it's expressed on?

Back 134

1. substance P is a pleotropic neuropeptide via implicated in inflammation, depression, and immune modulation.
2. NK1-R is the receptor of SP
3. On neurons, but also on (SIV-infected) macrophages

Hint 134

AJP 177
1286-1297
(2010)

Front 135

Borna disease virus in Bicolored white-toothed shrews (crodidura leucodon).
1. clinic?
2. Organs with BDV antigen and nucleic acid found?
3. only organs found negative?
4. Histo?

Back 135

1. none.
2. brain, mainly nerve tissue and neurons (also in other organs), parenchymal cells (hepatocytes, leydig cells), and epithelial cells, esp respiratory and urogenital tract.
3. mamma and ovary.
4. focal necrosis of cerebellar nucleus: neuronal necrosis, hemorrhage, axonal swelling, demyelinization, gemistocytic astrocytosis, vacuolation of neuropil.

Hint 135

Vet pathol 47, 2
236-244
(2010)

Front 136

Hepatocellular carcinoma in prosimians.
1. Percentage affected?
2. Growth pattern and metastasis?
3. Iron, copper, molybdenum levels?
4. Hepadnavirus (oa hepatitis B virus), hepatitis C virus, or aflatoxin B1?`

Back 136

1. 9,7%
2. unusually aggressive growth pattern with metastasis to lung or mediastinum in half the cases.
3. not changed compared to normal.
4. not found.

Hint 136

Vet pathol 47,2
306-311
(2010)

Front 137

Diabetes mellitus in vervet monkeys.
1. What is the difference between Type 1 and 2 and monogenic and polygenic?
2. Lesions in vervet monkeys with type 2 DM?
3. Lesions in vervet monkeys with monogenic form of disease?
4. Possible inheritance pattern?

Back 137

1. Type 1 = autoimmune with pancreatic beta cells targeted. Type2 = persistent insulin resistance in target tissues, cmpensatory increase in pancreatic insulin production, with islet amyloid polypeptide production (amylin).
Monogenic: mutations in different autosomal genes (one per case) or mutations in mitochondrial DNA.
2. Persistent hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, islet amyloidosis, reduce islet insulin immunostaining.
3. Lack of islet amyloidosis and hypertriglyceridemia, normal islet insulin immunostaining.
4. autosomal dominant or mitochondrial inheritance.

Hint 137

Vet pathol 47
713-718
(2010)

Front 138

Concerning staphylococcal diarrhea in mink, which of the following is incorrect?
a. neonatal mink were most severely affected.
b. clinical signs included dehydration and excessive yellow/green mucoid feces.
c. The outbreak was thought to have been casued by enteroinvasive Staph delphini.
d. Grossly the intestines distended with serous to mucoid fluid.
e. Microscopically, there was no inflammatory response.

Back 138

C.

Hint 138

Vet pathol 47
751-757
(2010)

Front 139

Staphylococcus delphini in farmed mink kids.
1. Bacteria? Toxins produced?
2. Clinic?
3. Gross?
4. Histo?

Back 139

1. Belonging to the staph intermedius group. Enterotoxin type A and E produced: secretory diarrhea.
2. Dehydrated, yellow-to-green, mucoid feces.
3. Small intestine distended by serous to mucoid fluid.
4. Prominent colonization of the villar epithelium by gram + bacterial cocci in the absecne of inflammation or morphologic changes in villous enterocytes.

Hint 139

Vet pathol 47
751-757
(2010)

Front 140

Reproductive tract lesions in zoo canids.
1. Common lesions found overall?
2. MGA (melengestrol acetate, synthetic progestin) treatment was a risk factor for?

Back 140

1. Endometrial hyperplasia (predominantly cystic) 53%, hydrometra 33%, adenomyosis 25%.
2. Endometrial hyperplasia, hydrometra, fibrosis, and adenomyosis, uterine mineralization (only in treated animals).

Hint 140

Vet pathol 46
1117-1128
(2009)

Front 141

Arteritis of the testicular artery in raccoons (procyon lotor).
1. age?
2. gross?
3. histo?
4. cause?

Back 141

1. all ages.
2. none
3. segemental arteritis in the extratesticular portions of the testicular arteries. Proliferative endarteritis with presence of inflammatory cells within the intima, media and adventitial region.
4. Reminiscent of polyarteritis nodosa (autoimmune), no etiologies found.

Hint 141

Vet pathol 46
1129-1132
(2009)

Front 142

Bat white nos syndrome: pathological findings and liver elements.
1. Findings?
2. Aberrant levels of liver elements?

Back 142

1. Mycotic growth in the epidermis, hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Nil to mild dermatitis and mural folliculitis. Little to abundant fat storage. Pulmonary congestion, 2 bone marrow granulocytosis (1 affected, 1 not affected).
2. 3 had potential toxic lead levels, 1 potential toxic arsenic level. Overall Hg level 2x higher than published.

Hint 142

Vet pathol 47
214-219
(2010)

Front 143

Mammary carcinoma in the guinea pig.
1. CK expression?
2. type alpha estrogen and progesterone receptors/

Back 143

1. CK 20 +: ductal origin and CK7 +. CK7 also + in basal/myoepithelial cells.
2. +

Hint 143

Vet pathol 47, 2
298-305
(2010)

Front 144

Hematuria in Grant's gazelles (gazella granti).
1. Clinic?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. Additional urinary tract lesions?
5. serum chemistries?
6. Etiology?

Back 144

1. Hematuria, dysuria, acute death, submandibular edema (most common), brisket edemea, hypophagia.
2. Coagulated blood in urinary bladder, petechia and ecchymoses on mucosa and serosa, rupture (1 case), renal infarcts, hydrothorax, ascites.
3. Vacular necrosis, vasculitis and perivasculitis in the urinary tract (bladder> kidney>ureter).
4. tubulointerstitial nephritis> hemorrhagic cystitis> renal tubular necrosis> subacute renal infarcts.
5. hypocalcemia>hypoproteinemia> hypoalbuminemia> hyperphosphatemia> anemia
5. Nothing found: AHV 1,2, OHV-2, BTV, EHD, leptospirose.

Hint 144

JZWM 40,4
639-951
(2009)

Front 145

Pancreatitis in meerkats.
1. Clinic?
2. Histo?
3. Risk factors?

Back 145

1. Lethargy, anorexia, abdominal guarding, cranial abdominal mass.
2. Subacute and necrotizing granulomatous pancreatitis.
3. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, higher-fat diet and genetic predisposition. No real cause determined.

Hint 145

JZWM 41,2
275-286
(2010)

Front 146

Elodontoma in Southern red-backed voles (Myodes gapperi).
1. What is elodontoma?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. Clinic?

Back 146

1. Hamartomas of odontogenic tissues at the apex of elodont teeth.
2. Maxillary incisor teeth not visible, gingival ulceration at expected site of eruption.
3. Apical region of the maxillary incisors were thickened or replaced by irregular dental tissue masses, composed of well-differentiated dental tissue. Compression of bone ventral to the apex.
4. chronic weight loss, >16 months of age, siblings.

Hint 146

JZWM 41,3
555-561
(2010)

Front 147

4 causes of canine footpad hyperkeratosis.

Back 147

- canine distemper virus
- superficial necrolytic dermatitis (hepatocutaneous syndrome)
- zinc responsive dermatosis
- systemic lupus erythematosus

Hint 147

rijtje Jaime

Front 148

Mycobacterium bovis in red and fallow deer.
1. % infected?
2. % infected without gross lesions?
3. Thoracic lesions more in fallow or red deer?
4. % lesions in retropharyngeal lymph nodes?
5. Abscesses in fallow or red deer?
6. Preferred sampling of wild deer?
7. histo differences with cattle?

Back 148

1. ca. 22% of fallow deer and 1/3 of red deer.
2. ca. 30%
3. Fallow deer.
4. 64% of red deer and 43% of fallow deer.
5. Red deer (also more abdominal lesions)
6. Medial retropharyngeal, left tracheobronchial, mediastinal, mesenteric and ileocaecal lymph nodes. Only head: retropharyngeal and tonsil.
7. Scattered rather than central foci of mineralization, more neutrophils, less giant cells.

Hint 148

JCP 142, 1
43-50
(2010)

Front 149

Alpaca respiratory syndrome.
1. Clinic?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. Possible etiology?

Back 149

1. acute respiratory signs, high fever, occasional sudden death, mostly in pregnant alpacas (but could be any signalment).
2. severe pulmonary congestion and edema, hydrothorax.
3. Interstitial to bronchointerstitial pneumonia centered around terminal airways, with free fibrin and hyaline membranes, edema and congestion.
4. a novel coronavirus, disctinct from the gi-associated coronavirus identified in alpaca herds.

Hint 149

JVDI 22
94-97
(2010)

Front 150

Aleutian mink disease in farmed mink in Ireland.
1. Virus?
2. Characterization disease?
3. Neurologic lesions?

Back 150

1. aleutina mink disease virus, family parvoviridae, genus amdovirus.
2. persistent viremia, hypergammaglobulinemia, infiltration of tissues with lymphocytes and plasma cells.
3. Nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis with lymphocytes and plasma cells, fibrinoid necrotizing arteritis.

Hint 150

JVDI 22,1
101-105
(2010)

Front 151

Meningeal worm in elk.
1. Name?
2. Other species affected?
3. Lesions in elk?

Back 151

1. Parelaphostrongylus tenuis
2. White tailed dear (no clinical signs).
3. Multifocal lymphoplasmacytic leptomeningitis and encephalitis with occ. eosinophils, perivascular cuffing. Sometimes threadlike nematodes in the meninges.

Hint 151

JWD 46, 1
186-194
(2010)

Front 152

Mycoplasma bovis in bison (bison bison)
1. Clinic?
2. gross?
3. histo?

Back 152

1. Lameness, swollen joints, respiratory distress, lethargy.
2. Abscesses in lung and liver, fibrinosuppurative pleuritis, polyarthritis, disseminated microabscesses.
3. "abscesses" : central necrosis with variable mineralization rimmed by granulomatous inflammation and fibrous tissue (granuloma/pyogranuloma)

Hint 152

JVDI 22,5
797-801
(2010)

Front 153

Malignant lymphoma in african lions (panthera leo).
1. age?
2. T or B cell?
3. site of origin? sites commonly affected?
4. Agents found? Difference with housecats?

Back 153

1. Older: 14-19 years.
2. 10 T cell, 1 B cell.
3. T cell: spleen; liver and regional lymph nodes often involved. B cell: peripheral lnn, liver, spleen.
4. No agents found (Felv and Fiv), in housecats association with felv, and more B cell lymphoma.

Hint 153

Vet pathol 47,5
952-957
(2010)

Front 154

Small intestinal adenocarcinomas in common marmosets (callithrix jacchus)
1. Age, sex?
2. Site?
3. Histo?
4. Association with helicobacter, callitrichine herpesvirus 3, inflammation?

Back 154

1. 6.6 years, no sex predilection, the most common neoplastic cause of morbidity and mortality in aged common marmosets.
2. 90% arose within the proximal small intestine near the interface with the duodenum.
3. Disorganization, loss of polarity, most with some degree of invasion or metastasis. CK +, E-cadherin and b-catenin +, more cytoplasmic.
4. no.

Hint 154

Vet pathol 47,5
969-976
(2010)

Front 155

Tularemia of european brown hare (lepus europaeus).
1. Agent?
2. gross/histo?
3. ddx?

Back 155

1. Francisella tularensis spp holarctica.
2. Granulomatous inflammation with central necrosis, most often affected: lungs, also pericardium, testicle, enz.
3. Brucella suis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Hint 155

Vet pathol 47, 5
958-963
(2010)

Front 156

Yersiniosis in squirrel monkeys and agile gibbons.
1. Gross?
2. Histo?
3. Etiology?

Back 156

1. necrotizing enterocolitis and multifocal necrosis or abscesses in various organs.
2. Multifocal necrosis with bacterial colonies, neutrophils and accumulation of nuclear debris.
3. yersinia enterocolitica serotype O8 (other cause of yersiniosis is pseudotuberculosis). limited to nonhuman primates and chinchillas, lesions are similar as in Y. pseudotuberculosis.

Hint 156

JCP 143
150-156
(2010)

Front 157

Digital necrobacillosis in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus).
1. Gross?
2. histo?
3. Etiology?

Back 157

1. Swelling of the fetlock to coronary band area and cutaneous sinus tracts with sparse discharge of pus. Subcutis, tendons, sheaths, joints and periosteum of digital bones often affected.
2. Necrosis, suppurative inflammation, edema, vasculitis and thrombosis.
3. Elongate filamentous gram - bacteria: Fusobacterium necrophorum

Hint 157

JCP 143, 1
29-38
(2010)

Front 158

Canine malignant lymphomas.
1. % B and T cell?
2. Clinical signs/organs affected?
3. % low- and high grade malignancy?
4. Most common B-cell subtype/ T-cell subtype?
5. Unusual B-cell subtypes/T-cell subtypes?
6. Most were marginal or follicular?
7. Correlation age and sex?
8. Boxers were overrepresented in which group?

Back 158

1. B: 63,8%, T: 35,4%, null-cell: 0,8%.
2. Lymphadenopathy (82%), extranodal disease (17,6%): skin 12,34%, other 5,26%
3. Low: 24,5%, high: 75,5%
4. B: high-grade centroblastic polymorphic subtype; T: high-grade pleomorphic mixed and large T-cell lymphoma subtypes.
5. B: atypical high-grade small B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt-type B-cell lymphoma, plasmacytoid lymphoma, mediastinal anaplastic large B-cell lymphoma
T: high-grade canine immunoblastic T-cell type, low-grade prolymphocytic T-cell lymphoma, aggressive granulocytic large-cell lymphoma.
6. Most marginal (10%), rare follicular (0,16%)
7. none
8. T-cell lymphomas (24,19% was Boxer)

Hint 158

Vet pathol 47
414-433
(2010)

Front 159

Myelofibrosis in dogs with Erlichia canis.
1. Present?
2. Iron storage in bone marrow?

Back 159

1. No bone marrow fibrosis.
2. Depleted, may be part of the anemia pathogenesis in ehrlichiosis.

Hint 159

JCP 142, 4
328-331
(2010)

Front 160

Survivin in canine lymphoma.
1. What is survivin?
2. Present in lymphoma?
3. Dus?

Back 160

1. = a member of the family of proteins known as 'inhibitors of apoptosis proteins'.
2. Yes, in 82%
3. Also present in a wide range of normal tissues.

Hint 160

JCP 142, 4
311-322
(2010)

Front 161

Cytauxzoon felis in domestic cats.
1. Parasite? Common features with which other parasite?
2. Clinic?
3. Gross?
4. Histo?
5. IHC calprotectin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 in infected cells?
6. IHC or ISH showed more infected cells? Prominent infected tissues?

Back 161

1. Order piroplasmida, family theileridae. Vergelijkbaar Theileria sp, this has a tissue stage in lymphocytes and C. felis in monocyte/macrophages.
2. febrile, depressed, dehydrated, anorexic, reluctant to move.
3. Splenomegaly, gen. lymphadenopathy, pulm. edema and congestion, large mottled liver, serosal petechiae.
4. Large polygonal cells in clumps/attached to vessel wall in capillaries and medium sized vessels. Basophilic IC, 0,75-2 mm sized granular parasites (schizonts). minimal inflammation, minimal vessel reaction.
5. calprotectin (Mac387) down: explains lack of diapedesis and vascular crowding.
PCNA and p53 up: heightened replicative ability: also parasite-driven modification

Hint 161

Vet pathol 46
1197-1204
(2009)

Front 162

Trypanosoma evansi infection in cats.
1. Clinic?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. Lesions eye?
5. other species infected?
6. vector?

Back 162

1. Vomiting, diarrhoea, hyperthermia, weight loss, facial edema, corneal opacity, lymphadenopathy adn hindlimb instability.
2. Generalized muscle atrophy, pale mucosa, icterus, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, subcutaneous edema, hydropericard, corneal opacity.
3. Lymphoid hyperplasia spleen and lnn, paracortical macrophages and plasma cells.
4. mild corneal edema, fibrin, neutrophils and plasmacells in anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, corneoscleral limbus and conjunctiva. T. evansi trypomastigotes in aqueous humor.
5. horse, dog, rabbit, capybara, coati, cattle, buffalo, armadillo, man
6. hematophagus insects, vampire bats

Hint 162

JCP 142
170-176
(2010)

Front 163

PCV2 in finishing pigs.
1. % + PCV2 antigen?
2. Associaton with kidney and lung lesions?
3. Patterns of cells labelled with PCV2 antigen?

Back 163

1. 61% +
2. NO association
3. 1. labelling of cells with stellated morphology and reticular distribution, 2. labelling of isolated non-epithelial cells.,3 epithelial labelling.

Hint 163

JCP 142
109-121
(2010)

Front 164

PCV2 virus in lymph nodes of pigs.
1. Cells infected?
2. EM?

Back 164

1. Exclusively histiocytes.
2. Dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and swelling of mitochondria ass. with PCV2 labelled IC.
Within the IC icosahedral virus-like particles were specifically labelled with PCV2 capsid antibody, whereas particles with a granular appearance were not labelled.
Colocalization: close relationship beteween virus and the mitochondria.

Hint 164

JCP 142, 4
291-299
(2010)

Front 165

Zygomycotic lymphadenitis in feedlot cattle.
1. % affected?
2. Most affected lnn?
3. gross?
4. histo?
5. Histo fungi?
6. Fungi (2)

Back 165

1. 0,04%
2. Mesenteric lnn
3. Enlarged (2-42cm), firm, mottled gray-white to yellow with multiple granular or caseocalcareous foci.
4. Nodal architecture effaced by necrosis, granulomatous inflammation, and fibrosis.
20% restricted to subcapsular sinuses and afferent lymphatic vessels.
5. Nonseptate, irregularly banchign hyphae with nonparallel walls and bulbous enlargements in necrosis and MNG
6. Rhizomucor pusillus; Absidia corymbifera

Hint 165

Vet pathol 47,1
108-115
(2010)

Front 166

Choristoma in bovine lnn.
1. choristomas found?

Back 166

1. respiratory epithelium and ectopic pancreatic tissue.

Hint 166

JCP 142,
218-222
(2010)