Ecvp Respiratory System 2007-2009

Front 1

Pathologic findings in dogs with Angiostrongylus vasorum infection.
1. Histo?
2. Other organs affected (4)?
3. Intermediate and definitive hosts?
4. Histo nematodes?

Back 1

1. severe pyogranulomatous interstitial pneumonia with myriad eggs, larvae and intravascular adults with thrombosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia tunica media pulmonary arteries, most prominent in apical and subpleural regions.
2. lymph nodes, adrenals, brain (hemorrhagic infarction) and kidney, eye (anterior chamber uveitis) evt. cor pulmonale.
3. aquatic and terrestrial snails and slugs. Definitive: wild&domestic canid.
4. adult: 270-350 um, thin smooth cuticle, thin hypodermis, lateral cords, coelomyarian musculature, intestines with cuboidal epithelium, containing immature eggs with basophilic and eosinophilic grnaules or embryonated eggs that contain larvae. First stage larvae: 350 um long, cephalic button, kinked tail with dorsal spine, present in arteries, capillaries, interstitium, alveoli.

Hint 1

JVDI 20, 11-20 (2008)

Front 2

Differences in histology between A. vasorum and Dirofilaria immitis?

Back 2

Angiostrongylus has thin coelomyarian musculature, large strongyloid intestine composed of few multinucleate cells, eggs in the uterus (sometimes embryonated) .
Dirofilaria immitis has well developed coelomyarian musculature, a smaller intestine, uterus containing microfilaria.
Larvae of Angiostrongylus are wider and more developed than the microfilariae of Dirofilaria.

Hint 2

JKP II, p648.

Front 3

Pneumonia in shelter dogs caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus.
1. Gross?
2. Histo?
3. Bacteria?

Back 3

1. Hemothorax and acute, fibrinosuppurative pneumonia.
2. Obliteration of alveolar spaces with neutrophils. Large and medium-sized airways were unaffected.
3. Gram + cocci, in macrophages and free in extracellular space in pairs, strings and large colonies.

Hint 3

Vet pathol 45, 51-53 (2008)

Front 4

Nasal and paranasal adenocarcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation in dogs.
1. 3 most common histologic classifications of nasal tumors in dogs?
2. Morphologic features of neuroendocrine differentiation?
3. IHC characteristics?

Back 4

1. Adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
2. None in this study.
3. Synaptophysin +, chromogranin A +, Grimelius stain for argyrophilia +.

Hint 4

Vet pathol 45, 181-187 (2008)

Front 5

Influenza A virus in dogs with respiratory disease.
1. Virus?
2. Histo?
3. IHC?

Back 5

1. H3N8, novel virus closely related to contemporary equine influenza A virus subtype H3N8.
2. Tracheitis and bronchitis, with necrosis and hyperplasia, lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages. No intrathoracic or pulmonary hemorrhage, inflammation involved submucosal glands.
3. IHC + in changed areas, macrophages and epithelial cells.

Hint 5

EID 14, 6 (2008)
EID 14, 3 (2008)

Front 6

H3N2 influenza in dogs.
1. Origin virus?
2. What receptors were found?
3. IHC + where?
4. Dog-dog transmission possible?
5. Clinic and histo?

Back 6

1. Avian origin.
2. large amounts of avian influenza virus binding receptor (SAalpha 2,3-gal).
3. bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium and lumens.
4. Yes.
5. Severe necrotizing tracheobronchitis and bronchioalveolitis with a.o. fever.

Hint 6

EID 15, 5, 741-746 (2009)
EID 15, 1, 56-58 (2009)

Front 7

E. coli pneumonia in kittens.
1. Gross and histo?
2. groups of intestinal pathogenic E. coli (3)
3. Some genes characteristic for extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli?

Back 7

1. Hemorrhagic serofibrinous thoracic fluid, multifocal pulmonary consolidation.
Acute necrotizing and hemorrhagic pneumonia and pleuritis with numerous Gram - rods.
2. Enteropathogenic strains: bundle forming villi (bfp) and intimin (eae).
- enterotoxigenic strains: heat stable (STa, STb) and heat labile (LT) toxins.
- shiga toxin producing: cytotoxins (Stx1 and Stx2).
3. cytotoxic necrotizing factors (cnf-1, cnf-2), P fimbriae adhesins (papg G allele I and III), S fimbriae, type 1 fimbriae (fim), hemolysin D (hlyD), novel catecholate siderophore receptor (iroN), enz.

Hint 7

JVDI 21, 609-615 (2009)

Front 8

Felid herpesvirus-1 pneumonia in cats.
1. Histo?
2. IHC?
3. Inclusion bodies?

Back 8

1. Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic pneumonia and severe necrosis of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium:
Distinct hypereosinophilia of moderately thickened alveolar walls, without nuclei. Occasional type II pneumocyte hyperplasia and multifocal interstitial fibrosis.
2. FeHV-1 antigen in pneumocyte, alveolar macrophages and necrotic bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells.
3. eosinophilic INIB (Cowdry type A) in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells, not in alveolar epithelial cells.

Hint 8

CP 141, 163-169 (2009)

Front 9

SARS coronarvirus infection in cats and ferrets.
1. Expression of SARS-CoV antigen?
2. Expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2), receptor for SARS-CoV.
3. Differences cat-ferret-humans?
4. Gross and histo?

Back 9

1. Cats: type I and II pneumocytes, serous cells of trachoe-bronchial submucosal glands.
Ferrets: Type II pneumocytes.
2. Cats: type I and II pneumocytes, tracheo-bronchial goblet cells, serous epithelial cells of tracheo-bronchial submucosal glands.
Ferrets: type II pneumocytes and serous epithelial cells of tracheo-bronchial submucosal glands.
3. Syncytia and hyaline membranes not in cat and ferret. Tracheo-bronchoadenitis in cats, not reported in other species.
4. red, firm, level areas in cranial and medial lobes, more caudal in ferrets, with diffuse alveolar damage.

Hint 9

Vet pathol 45, 551-562 (2008)

Front 10

Feline pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH)
1. clinic?
2. gross?
3. Other organs affected?
4. Histo cells and IHC?
5. EM?
6. Reactive or neoplastic?

Back 10

1. progressive respiratory symptoms and deterioration.
2. extensive, multifocal to confluent, pulmonary masses.
3. pancreas, kidney, liver, tracheobronchial, hepatosplenic and mesenteric lymph nodes.
4. Histiocytic morphology with anisokaryosis and hyperchromasia.
Vimentin, CD18 and E-cadherin +, latter downregulated in extrapulmonary lesions.
5. intracytoplasmic organelles consistent with Birbeck's granules, intracytoplasmic rod-shaped structures, with outer membrane and a central electron dense striated core, of Langerhans cells in the lesional histiocytes.
6. Unknown.

Hint 10

Vet pathol 45: 816-824 (2008)

Front 11

Equine recurrent airway obstruction.
1. Acute disease?
2. Chronic disease?
3. Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) secretion?
4. Main mechanism of CCSP antiinflammatory effects?

Back 11

1. mucus hyperproduction, neutrophilic inflammation, bronchoconstriction, coughing.
2. smooth muscle hyperplasia, collagen deposition, lymphoid hyperplasia, impaired aerobic performance.
3. Gene expression and IHC staining: reduced CCSP.
4. CCSP inhibits phospholipase A2, thereby decreasing pro-inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandines

Hint 11

Vet pathol 46, 604-613 (2009)

Front 12

Equine recurrent airway obstruction.
1. secretion of glycoprotein eCLCA1?
2. Goblet cells?
3. Increase of eCLCA1 via upregulated transcription?
4. 5 histologic features of RAO.

Back 12

1. strong increase of mRNA in the lung, associated with increased goblet cells, nonmembrane bound protein.
2. Metaplasia in trachea and bronchi, hyperplasia in bronchioli: so ++.
3. No, via extra cells that excrete it.
4. lymphoplasmacytic bronchiolitis, variable eosinophilic infiltrates, smooth muscle hyperplasia, goblet cell metaplasia with mucus overproduction.

Hint 12

Vet pathol 44, 901-911 (2007)

Front 13

Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis.
1. Associated with which virus?
2. Average age?
3. Gross?
4. histo?
5. ISH + where?

Back 13

1. Equine herpesvirus 5 = gammaherpesvirus. First report of disease.
2. 14,5 years.
3. 2 manifestations: numerous coalescing nodules of fibrosis < 1 to 5 cm, little unaffected lung.
-multiple discrete nodules separated by grossly unaffected lung, up to 10 cm. Both: large bronchial lymph nodes, pale tan-white moderately firm, uniformly colored, bulging nodules.
4. interstitial expansion with mature collagen, some lymph>macro> neutr> eos, preservation of alveolar-like architecture with lining of cuboidal cells, moderate macro + neutro lumen. Rarely macro with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large oval eosinophilic INIB.
5. + in intraluminal macrophages.
EM: icosahedral capsids, 100nm hexagonal.

Hint 13

Vet pathol 44, 849-862 (2007)

Front 14

Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses.
1. Gross?
2. Histologic scoring (5 features)?
3. contribution to pathogenesis?

Back 14

1. numerous dark brown to blue-black foci along caudodorsal visceral pleura.
2. interstitial fibrosis, hemosiderin, pleural/interseptal septal thickness, arterial and venous wall thickness, evidence of angiogenesis.
46% normal, 39% mild, 14% (dorsocaudal) severe vascular remodeling, fibrosis, and hemosiderin.
Veno-occlusive remodeling of the intralobular veins colocalized with hemosiderosis, fibrosis, hypertrophy of vessels and neovascularization.
3. the remodeling, regional vascular congestion and hemorrhage, then the fibrosis enz.

Hint 14

Vet pathol 45, 316-326 (2008)

Front 15

Rhinosporidiosis in horses.
1. Other species reported?
2. Infectious agent?
3. Gross?
4. Histology?
5. DDx?

Back 15

1. Human, cats, dogs, cattle, waterfowl.
2. Rhinosporidium seeberi.
3. Multiple sessile or pedunculated, papillomatous or solid soft friable masses in nasal mucosa or ocular mucosa.
4. Mucosal hyperplasia and ulceration, with pyogranulomatous and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates. Mature and juvenile sporangia.
5. coccidioides immitis, chrysosporium parvum (adiaspiromycosis), neoplasia.

Hint 15

EID 13, 9 (2007)

Front 16

Pulmonary abscessation in pigs with Pasteurella multocida.
1. ISH?
2. Location of positive ISH?
3 .type of pasteurella?

Back 16

1. ISH for pasteurella multocida toxin gene.
2. Positive in degenerate leucocytes in abscesses and occ. in degenerate neutrophils and macrophages in alveolar spaces.
3. Type D and less Type A.

Hint 16

CP 139, 51-5 (2008)

Front 17

Mycoplasma hyopneumonia infection in pigs.
1. ND?
2. 3 histological features?
3. IHC cytokines and lymphoid markers?

Back 17

1. Porcine enzootic pneumonia.
2. exudates in airways and alveolar lumina.
- peribronchial and peribronchiolar lymphoid hyperplasia
- enlargement of alveolar septa.
3. Cytokines: IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-8, TNF-alpha, INF-gamma.
Lymphoid markers: CD4+, CD8+, muramidase, IgG+, IgA+.

Hint 17

CP 140, 260-270 (2009)

Front 18

Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle.
1. Most isolated bacteria?
2. Most isolated viruses?
3. Most common duration?
4. Most common pneumonia type?
5. Most common bronchiolar lesions?

Back 18

1. Mycoplasma spp (74%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (35%), Mannheimia hemolytica (25%), Pasteurella multocida (24,5%), Histophilus somni (10%).
2. BC>BRSV>BHV-1>BVDV (max11%)
3. chronic> acute> normal> subacute>healing
4. LBP+pleuritis> LBP>normal> IP
5 bronchiolitis obliterans(40%)> bronchiolar necrosis(26%)> no lesions

Hint 18

JVDI 21, 464-477 (2009)

Front 19

Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA)
1. virus? Replication?
2. IHC pulmonary surfactant protein-A, SP-B and SP-C?
3. Histo lesions alveolar parenchyma and broncial?

Back 19

1. Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus, was demonstrated in cytoplasm of tumor cells in the lung and lymph nodes: continuous replication after neoplastic transformation.
2. SP-A intense cytoplasmic staining, B and C less intense. A+B apical, C perinuclear.
3. acinar growth in the lung parenchyma with cuboidal epithelial cells, papillary pattern intra-bronchiolar with columnar cells.
T-cell response locally surrounding neoplastic foci.

Hint 19

CP 140, 43-53 (2009)

Front 20

Pasteurella multicoda B:2 infection in goats.
1. ND?
2. Lesions?
3. Differences with cattle?

Back 20

1. heamorrhagic septicemia.
2. acute pneumonia, congestion, edema, hydrothorax.
3. Goats are more resistant and subcutaneous edema of lower jaw and brisket was absent (typically in cattle and buffalo).

Hint 20

CP 140, 194-197 (2009)