Ecvp Integument 2008-2009

Front 1

Canine atopic dermatitis.
Ultrastructural characterization?

Back 1

1. disorganization of the lamellar lipids in the stratum corneum.

Hint 1

CP 138, 197-203 (2008)

Front 2

Nonepidermolytic ichtyosis in Golden Retriever dogs.
1. Mode of inheritance?
2. Gross?
3. Histo?
4. EM?

Back 2

1. Autosmal recessive, or perhaps incomplete dominant.
2. generalized scaling, large, loosely adherent, soft, white-to-gray scales "snowflake-like".
3. mild to moderate laminar orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, in closely packed layers, absence of epidermal hyperplasia or dermal inflammation.
4. retained and convoluted membranes with crystalline structures in stratum corneum, scattered keratinocytes in the granular layer with prominent, clear, membrane-bound, cytoplasmic vacuoles.

Hint 2

Vet pathol 45, 174-180 (2008)

Front 3

Canine mast cell tumor. CD1a staining.
1. +?
2. histiocytoma, plasmacytoma or amelanotic melanoma?
3. Grades and survival rate of mast cell tumors.

Back 3

1. Yes, even in grade III, though difficult recognition.
2. -
3. Grade I: well-differentiated, 75-90% survival.
-Grade II: intermediate diff. 28 weeks survival.
- Grade III: poorly diff. 18 weeks survival.

Hint 3

CP 139 , 40-46 (2008)

Front 4

Mast cell tumors in dogs.
1. Mismatch repair gene expression?
2. Differences in grade II and III?
3. Differences between young, predisposed breed, and old non-predisposed?

Back 4

1. MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 all expressed, no differences with normal.
2. No.
3. No.

Hint 4

Vet pathol 46: 227-232 (2009)

Front 5

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-HT1A receptor expression in canine mast cell tumors.
1. Expression present?
2. More well- or poorly differentiated?

Back 5

1. Yes, both , more 5-HT, than 5-HT1A receptor.
2. More in well-differentiated tumors. (in contrast to humans: poor prognosis: more 5-HT).

Hint 5

CP 141, 89-97 (2009)

Front 6

Canine cutaneous peripheral nerve sheath tumor.
1. Antoni A and Antoni B schwannoma pattern?
2. IHC
3. Conclusive results?

Back 6

Antoni A = densely packed spindle cells, often arranged in interlacing bundles and fascicles with occasional storiform, pallisading whorled or concentric growth, centered upon collagen.
Antoni B = less cellular diffuse loosely textured meshwork of more pleomporphic round fusiform or polygonal cells.
2. Vimentin +, PGP9.5 +, Laminin 75%, collagen IV 57%, S-100 45% NSE 82%.
3 Antoni A or B pattern in skin = PNST, limited value to IHC.

Hint 6

CP 139, 16-23 (2009)

Front 7

Canine subcutaneous soft tissue sarcomas.
1. Breeds and mean age?
2. Grades?
3. Recurrence in marginally or completely excised tumors?
4. Recurrence- survival rate?

Back 7

1. Medium and large breeds, 10 years.
2. 1. 51%, 2. 42%, 3. 7%.
3. No recurrences completely excised. Marginally excised 1. 7%, 2. 34%, 3. 75%.
4. Recurrence did not significantly reduce survival time.

Hint 7

Vet pathol 46, 928-933 (2009)

Front 8

Canine perianal adenocarcinomas and computer assisted nuclear morphometry.
1. Differences in parameters metastatic- nonmetastatic?
2. Which were correlated to survival: mean nuclear (MN) area, MN perimeter, MN diameter, max ND, min ND, age, diameter tumor, presence of metastasis, breed, sex.

Back 8

1. Metastatic tumor nuclei are larger.
2. Not: ND min,breed, sex.

Hint 8

CP 139 , 226-230 (2008)

Front 9

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in dog.
1. Histo?
2. IHC?
3. Tumor?

Back 9

1. Well demarcated, haphazardly whorling or interweaving streams of bland spindle cells among which numerous plasma cells and lymphocytes, follicles with germinal centres, were scattered.
2. Vimentin and calponin +, some SMA and desmin + , thus myofibroblastic derivation.
3. Regarded as pseudotumor, aberrant or exaggerated inflammatory response, extremely rare.

Hint 9

Vet pathol 46: 273-276 (2009)

Front 10

Plasticity of mammary tumors in dogs.
1. What is plasticity?
2. Plasticity in spindle-cell, osteocarcoma and carcinoma of mamma?
3. Markers different in primary carcinoma and clone?

Back 10

1. Individual neoplastic cells can give rise to phenotypically distinct tumor types.
2. spindle cell and osteosarcoma: yes.
Carcinoma: yes, in vitro loss of keratin expression, regain in nude mice.
3. Also desmin and SMA marker positive, and CK in nude mice.

Hint 10

Vet pathol 45: 803-815 (2008)

Front 11

Catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT) in canine mammary tumors.
1. Function of enzyme?
2. Correlation of COMT G482A polymorphism with age, weight, number and histo type lesions, metastases?

Back 11

1. participating in inactivation of carcinogen oestrogen metabolites.
2. Correlation with age of onset (delayed), but >9 years threefold increase of mamma tumor incidence.

Hint 11

Vet pathol 45: 124-130 (2008)

Front 12

Cox-2 expression in canine mammary tumors.
1. Expression in normal, benign, malignant and metastases?
2. Place of labelling in normal and neoplastic tissue?

Back 12

1. Normal: constituvely expressed. Benign: 8%, malignant: 42%, metastases 80%.
2. Normal: membranous apical labelling of glandular epithelium
Neoplastic: internalization of the molecule: cytoplasmic staining.

Hint 12

CP 140, 247-253 (2009)

Front 13

Squamous cell carcinoma of the mamma of the dog.
1. IHC discrimination between primary epidermal squamous tumors and gland-derived squamous neoplasms?
2. IHC discrimination between mamma tumors and tumors from other glandular origin?

Back 13

1. Primary epidermal: pancytokeratin + and CK19-.
Gland-derived: pancytokeratin + and CK19 +.
2. NO discrimination with used panel (pancytokeratin, vimentin, CK 19, 14, 5/6. CK14 and 5/6 were equally expressed by all tumors.

Hint 13

JVDI 20, 766-773 (2008)

Front 14

Expression of BRCA/RAD51 complex in canine mammary tumors.
1. BRCA1 up or down in benign tumors.
2. RAD51 in canine mammary tumor metastases?

Back 14

1. Down regulated.
2. Appears upregulated in metastases.

Hint 14

Vet pathol 46, 416-422 (2009)

Front 15

P63, ΔNp63 and p53 in canine mixed mammary tumors.
1. correlation p63 and ΔNp63 with p53?
2. p63 and ΔNp63 in benign mixed mammary tumors?
3. p63 and ΔNp63 in carcinomas?

Back 15

1. No correlation.
2. p63 = expressed in myoepithelial cells, ΔNp63 is expressed but decreased.
3. p63 = expressed, but with discontinuous staining of myoepithelial layer. ΔNp63 expressed.

Hint 15

Vet pathol 46, 407-415 (2009)

Front 16

Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens in Canine mammary tumors.
1. Significant relationship benign-malignant for sialyl Lea, T and Tn?

Back 16

1. T and Tn : less staining in malignant tumors.

Hint 16

Vet pathol 46, 222-226 (2009)

Front 17

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression in canine and feline mammary tumors.
1. Loss of expression in %?
2. Statistical correlation with simple carcinoma histotype, lymphatic vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant organ metastasis, tumor dedifferentiation, tumor recurrence, shorter overall survival, in dogs and cats?

Back 17

1. 33% of canine and 76% of feline tumors.
2. In dogs: all, in cats: only lymphatic vessel invasion.

Hint 17

Vet pathol 46: 860-868 (2009)

Front 18

Derlin-1, Stanniocalcin-1, epithelial glycoprotein-2 (EGP-2) and maspin in canine mammary tumors.
1. Expression in normal, benign, malign and metastases?
2. Malignancy in mammary tumors is ass. with which 2 ?

Back 18

1. derlin-1: ↓benign, ↑few malign, ↑all metastases
stanniocalcin-1: - benign, ↓ malign and metastases
EGP-2: =
Maspin: variable in all.
2. Malign is ass with ↑derlin-1 gene and ↓ stanniocalcin-1 gene.

Hint 18

CP 141, 113-120 (2009)

Front 19

Photodamage in feline skin.
1. Gross classification (3 groups)?
2. Positive correlation degree of PD with (6)?
3. Most distinguishing features between groups (2)?
4. Negative correlation degree of PD with (1)?

Back 19

1. 0 = normal, 1 = erythematous and scaling, 2 = at least 1 of: erosion, ulceration, plaque, alopecia.
2. age, sclerosis and edema dermis, thickness epidermis, teleangiectasis, squamation of basal keratinocytes.
3. Edema and sclerosis.
4. Adnexal area.

Hint 19

Vet pathol 45, 327-335 (2008)

Front 20

Feline mast cell tumors.
1. More benign or malignant?
2. KIT labelling correlated with MCT type?
3. KIT labelling useful for MCT assessing?

Back 20

1. Most are benign, so Patnaik score system does not seem useful in cats.
2. No, all are labelled more or less. (mostly diffuse cytoplasmic staining and diffuse distribution of + cells).
3. Yes.

Hint 20

Vet pathol 46, 878-883 (2009)

Front 21

C-KIT protein in feline soft tissue fibrosarcomas.
1. c-KIT gene codes for?
2. IHC +?
3. Correlation with histologic grade, survivability, spontaneous or injection site fibrosarcoma?

Back 21

1. tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor KIT (CD117).
2. + in 26% of cats, strongly in 9%, weakly in 17%.
3. No correlations found.

Hint 21

Vet pathol 46, 934-939 (2009)

Front 22

Actinic keratosis and Bowenoid in situ carcinoma in cats.
1. Histo?
2. Clinical features: Hair color, localization, lesion number, form, erythema, surface?
3. p53 immunoreactivity?
4. papillomavirus reactivity?

Back 22

1. BISC: irregular epidermal hyperplasia with broad rete ridges and full thickness epidermal dysplasia. Hair follicle infundibula and isthmi may be involved in the hyperplastic process.
AK = usually less hyperplastic, with less deeply affected hair follicles.
2. BISC: nonwhite, other localizations, multiple, circular, moderate, hyperkeratotic.
AK: white, nose/eartips/eyelids/lips, unique or bilateral, irregular, marked, crusty.
3. 80% AK +, 18% BISC +
4. 0 AK, 50% BISC +

Hint 22

Vet pathol 46, 25-33 (2009)

Front 23

Feline COX-2 expression in mammary carcinomas.
1. Similar to other mammalian COX-2 homologs?
2. Expressed by mammary carcinomas?
3. COX-2 + tumors in cats (3)
4 COX-2 - tumors in cats (4)

Back 23

1. Yes.
2. 87%, 50% weak, 32% intermediate,5% high.
3. Mammary carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma.
4. lymphoma, vaccine-ass. sarcoma, pulmonary & intestinal adenocarcinoma.

Hint 23

Vet pathol 46, 423-429 (2009)

Front 24

Chronic progressive lymphedema in horses.
1. Breeds affected?
2. Area affected?
3. IHC elastin in affected, nonaffected susceptible and nonsusceptible horses?

Back 24

1. Shires and Clydesdales.
2. Distal limbs.
3. Affected horses , also in neck region (not affected clinically) nonaffected horses ↓, compared to non-susceptible.

Hint 24

CP 140, 132-139 (2009)

Front 25

COX-2 expression in equine tumors.
1. Expression in sarcoids, melanomas, and SCC?

Back 25

1. 2/14 sarcoids, 7/11 melanomas, 32/37 SCC, with 50% moderate-to-strong immunoreactivity.

Hint 25

Vet pathol 45, 825-828 (2008)

Front 26

Equine giant cell tumor of soft parts.
1. age, sex, location?
2. Key histologic features (5)?
3. IHC?
4. Cell of origin?

Back 26

1. >10 years, male, mostly hind limbs, often dermal, occasional subcutaneous.
2. Multinucleated giant cells and hemosiderin laden macrophages within spindle-cell proliferation.
- Often liposarcomatous change
- Hemorrhage and necrosis
- intermediate mitotic figures.
3. Spindle cells vimentin +, giant cells CD18 +.
4. Unknown, probably mesenchymal with secondary histiocyte recruitment.

Hint 26

JVDI 20, 513-516 (2008)

Front 27

Equine sarcoid.
1. What are they?
2. Bovine papillomavirus associated?
3. E5 and E7 expression?
4. platelet-derived growth factor-β receptor expression?

Back 27

1. Benign fibroblastic skin tumors.
2. Yes, 12/15 tumors BPV DNA +.
3. in 9/12 tumors
4. associated with E5 expression (and in normal blood vessels).

Hint 27

CP 139, 231-237 (2008)

Front 28

Equine sarcoid.
1. PDGF-β receptor, difference with normal tissue?
2. 13K-AKT-cyclin D3 molecular pathway, difference with normal? normal function?
3. phospho-JNK and phospho-JUN?

Back 28

1. more phosphorylated in sarcoids.
2. downstream pathway to PDGF-β-r expressed, and higher than normal.
Function as cell cycle control mechanism.
3. more expressed in sarcoids.

Hint 28

Vet pathol 46, 589-597 (2009)

Front 29

Footh-and-mouth disease virus serotype O in pigs and cattle.
1. Virus? Strain?
2. Lesions in pigs? Contact pigs?
3. Lesions in cattle? Contact cattle?
4. Explanation for pig pathogenecity?

Back 29

1. Picornaviridae, aphtovirus, +stranded RNA, seven serotypes, this is a porcine strain O/SKR/AS/2002.
2. Typical gross vesicular lesions in mouth and pedal sites, RNA detected in blood, serum and nasal swabs early, also in contact pigs.
3. Lesions confined to infection site, transient viremia. No lesions and RNA in contact cattle.
4. In another pig strain a deletion in the 3A coding region of the viral genome. Here an intact 3A region, so unknown.

Hint 29

CP 138, 204-214 (2008)

Front 30

FMDvirus epithelial distribution and replication in pigs.
1. Positive RNA strand in which cells?
2. Negative RNA strand in which cells?
3. Early replication site for FMD in vivo?

Back 30

1. basal layers of epithelium, also in stratum spinosum of lesional epithelium, not stratum corneum.
2. basal cells above the basement membrane and along the dermal papillae.
3. Could be epithelial basal cells.

Hint 30

CP 139, 86-96 (2008)

Front 31

Melanosis in Nero Siciliano pig.
1. Associated with acorn ingestion?
2. Histochemical tests to confirm melanin (5)?

Back 31

1. Maybe, swine tyrosinase could act on phenolic substances from acorn, then biosynthesis of melanin (storage in lymph nodes).
2. Nile blue (hydrogen sulphate): dark green= melanin (blue is lipofuscin).
2 decolorizing stains: melanin bleach and hydrogen peroxide: pigment - = melanin.
Millon's reaction to tyrosine (melanin precursor), red-yellow = +
Lillie's method (specific melanin), dark green granules in macrophages.

Hint 31

Vet pathol 46, 329-333 (2009)