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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pyrethroids
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sodium channel modulator
-ethrins eg pyrethrin- fleas ticks mites not metabolised wll in cats toxic to fish |
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Gaba blockers
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sodium channel modulators
fipronil frontline |
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neonicotinoids
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nicotinic ACh receptor agonists
imadocloprid, NItenpyram capstar advantage fleas only |
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Macrocytic lactones
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Glutamate receptor modulators- paralysis
ivermectin, moxidectin, mites, ucking lice and ticks selamectin revlution- fleas, some mites |
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ML adverse effects
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MDR-1 gene positive dogs- can pass to CNS
long withdrawal times not to use ivermectin with comfortis |
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macrolides
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spinosad- paralysis
aAChR modulators dont use with ivermectin |
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Formamidines
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Monamine oxidase inhibior
amitraz cattle ticks, dof mites (demodex) llice and mites on sheep and pigs NOT FOR CAT IR HORSE |
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OPs
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AChE inhibitor
diazinon, malathion, cythioate low safety margins. proban for ticks washes dips sprays powders |
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carbamates
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AXhE inhibitors
carbaryl, propoxur bind reversibly (as opposed to OPs) |
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IGRs
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Juvenille hormone mimicry
JH resp for morphogenesis and gonadotrophic activity maintains the largal stage- inhibits moulting- no impact on adult methoprene- frontline plus used in feed for lflies(ion faeces) flea bomb non toxic, non absorbed |
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Insect Growth Inhibitors
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each moulth- new culticle develops- major component chitin
BPUs- chitin synthase inhibitors- prevent deposition- no efect on adults poorly formed, doesnt harden, nyphs die |
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examples IGIs
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BPUs
lufenuron (program)- fleas dog snd cat diflubenzuron (dipping/jetting- ovine lice) triflumuron (Zapp- pour on for sheep lice) fluazuron (Acatak- pour on cattle ticks) |
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Triazines
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inhibit chitin synthesis- prevent moulting
cyromazine- jetting fluid against strike dicyclanil- spreay for strike safe, low tox, prolonged action (100d) |
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Boophilus resistance
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Arsenic
DDT OCs OP-carbamates Amidines reduce tx to max 5 application per season with one group |
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Lucilia
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no resistance to cyromazine (Vetrazin)
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Lice
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emerging resistance to pyrethroid, ML due to pour on use
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REsistance to chemicals
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SP widespread
OPs, IGRs rare |
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mech for resisistance
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point mutation
genetic drift selection pressure- select for resistant indivs, slow decline in residues- residue tail- contributes |
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OHS
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residues of SPs- skin irritation in sheareres- min 3 month before shear
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SPs
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dips and sprays affect insects and fish in envioronment
backlienrs to reduce vol and ontam off shears there arelower reisdue |
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dusting
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blows chemical dust onto animals and is only used on sheep- chem is in high concentration. Absorbed into wool grease and diffuses down the fibre to the skin
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Jetting
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insecticide solution at pressure through hand held nozzles
reaches the skin sheep- strike not lice or mite hand operated and tiresome |
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plunge dip
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sheep ant for tick control in attle
plunge into deep tank and kept for sufficient time to ensure complete saturation, head usually forced under |
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plunge adv
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loong wool
max deposition all ectos |
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plunge disadv
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high initial cost of construction
careful mainenance to prevent leaks economic only for large numbers infected wounds |
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pour on
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rapid, easy,. accurate
need to abide by WHPs may not edad lice |
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showering
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`sprayed with large vol of insecticidal wash
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