Ecs: Lq Palpation And Manual Muscle Testing

Front 1

to palpate the trochlear groove, the knee must be flexed past __º

Back 1

90º

Front 2

this bony prominence on the tibia is enlarged when a person has Osgood-Schlatter's syndrome

Back 2

tibial tubercle/tuberosity

Front 3

this is the tendon that runs from the inferior pole of the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Back 3

patellar ligament/tendon

Front 4

these landmarks are on the proximal end of the tibia on either side

Back 4

medial and lateral tibial condyles/flares

Front 5

these are the flat articulating surfaces that are right above the medial and lateral tibial condyles; holds the meniscus in the knee

Back 5

medial and lateral tibial plateaus

Front 6

these indentations are in the horizontal plane across the tibial plateaus; they bisect the space between the femoral and tibial condyles

Back 6

medial and lateral joint lines

Front 7

these are the distal femoral prominences on the sides of the intertrochlear groove, just above the joint lines

Back 7

medial and lateral femoral condyle

Front 8

these bony prominences are located on the side of the femoral condyles; they are an attachment site for many ligaments

Back 8

medial and lateral femoral epicondyles

Front 9

to find this structure, find the medial joint line, push and passively medially rotate from full lateral rotation (pops up)

Back 9

medial meniscus

Front 10

to find this structure, find the lateral joint line, push and passively laterally rotate from full medial rotation (pops up)

Back 10

lateral meniscus

Front 11

this is a bony prominence protruding from the lateral tibial condyle, and is the insertion of the IT band

Back 11

lateral tibial tubercle

Front 12

this structure runs between the lateral femoral epicondyle and the fibular head; it becomes more taut by crossing the leg over the other and letting it hang down

Back 12

lateral/fibular collateral ligament (LCL/FCL)

Front 13

this structure runs between the medial tibial condyle and medial femoral epicondyle

Back 13

medial/tibial collateral ligament (MCL/TCL)

Front 14

this nerve runs posteriorly behind the fibular head and wraps around the neck of the fibula

Back 14

common fibular (peroneal) nerve

Front 15

this is the diamond shaped space on the back of the knee

Back 15

popliteal fossa

Front 16

the borders of the popliteal fossa

Back 16

biceps femoris (superolateral), semimembranosus and semitendinosus (superomedial), lateral head of the gastroc (inferolateral), and the medial head of the gastroc (inferomedial)

Front 17

contents of the popliteal fossa

Back 17

tibial nerve (most superficial), popliteal vein, and popliteal artery (deepest, runs against the joint capsule)

Front 18

this is the distal bulbous protrusion of the medial tibia that articulates mainly with the talus

Back 18

medial malleolus

Front 19

this is the tendon that inserts at the navicular bone

Back 19

tibialis posterior tendon

Front 20

this bony prominence is a medial prominence that is more distal to the medial malleolus; this bone articulates with 5 other bones

Back 20

navicular tubercle

Front 21

this bone is just distal to the navicular (to find, ask the patient to actively dorsiflex and invert and palpate the tendon that leads to it)

Back 21

1st cuneiform

Front 22

this tendon inserts into the 1st cuneiform

Back 22

tibialis anterior tendon

Front 23

the distal end of the metatarsal

Back 23

head

Front 24

the long bone portion of the metatarsal

Back 24

shaft

Front 25

the base of the metatarsal

Back 25

base

Front 26

the joint line between the 1st metatarsal and the cuneiform bone; to feel, stabilize the cuneiform and glide the metatarsal up and down

Back 26

1st metatarso-cuneiform joint

Front 27

this joint is between the head of the first metatarsal and the great toe proximal phalanx

Back 27

1st metatarso phalangeal joint

Front 28

this is a process off the 5th metatarsal that is the attachment of the fibularis (peroneus) brevis

Back 28

styloid process

Front 29

this tendon inserts at the base of the 1st metatarsal after passing behind the 5th MT styloid process and under the foot

Back 29

fibularis (peroneus) longus

Front 30

this tendon inserts at the styloid process of the 5th metatarsal

Back 30

fibularis (peroneus) brevis

Front 31

this bone is located right behind the 5th MT styloid process, and articulates distally with the 4th and 5th MTs

Back 31

cuboid

Front 32

this bone makes up the posterior dome-like protrusion of the heel

Back 32

calcaneus

Front 33

this is the bony prominence at the lateral end of the fibula; it is longer and more pointy that the other side, preventing eversion sprains

Back 33

lateral malleolus

Front 34

to find this structure on the talus, passively plantarflex and invert to move the tibia out of the way

Back 34

dome of the talus

Front 35

this is the medial side of the plantar surface of the calcaneus; there is a fat pad that covers it

Back 35

medial tubercle of the calcaneus

Front 36

this structure proximally inserts at the medial tubercle of the calcaneus

Back 36

plantar fascia

Front 37

there are __ total phalanges

Back 37

14

Front 38

these joints are between the proximal and the middle phalanges of the toes

Back 38

PIP joints

Front 39

these joints are between the middle and the distal phalanges of the toes

Back 39

DIP joints

Front 40

this artery and pulse can be found just distal to the medial malleolus

Back 40

posterior tibial artery

Front 41

from anterior to posterior, these are the things that run just behind the medial malleolus

Back 41

Tom, Dick, And Nervous Harry (Tibialis posterior, flexor Digitorum longus, posterior tibial Artery and Nerve, and the flexor Hallucis longus)

Front 42

this artery and pulse can be found between the extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus tendons on the dorsum of the foot

Back 42

dorsalis pedis pulse

Front 43

these are the three lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle

Back 43

anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and posterior talofibular

Front 44

this is the ligament most often injured in inversion sprains

Back 44

anterior talofibular

Front 45

this structure supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot; it starts at the medial tubercle of the calcaneus and spreads to the toes

Back 45

plantar fascia (aponeurosis)

Front 46

this arch runs from the 1 MT head to the calcaneus

Back 46

medial longitudinal arch

Front 47

this arch runs from the 5Mt head to the calcaneus

Back 47

lateral longitudinal arch

Front 48

this arch runs horizontally across the foot just proximal to the metatarsal heads

Back 48

transverse arch

Front 49

this portion of the pelvis is at the level of the L4-L5 interspace; use the web-space of the hand with thumbs pointing toward the spine to rest hands on top and palpate

Back 49

iliac crest

Front 50

this is the greatest anterior prominence of the ilium; to palpate, find the iliac crest and work the thumbs down to the anterior surface

Back 50

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Front 51

this structure is level with the S2 spinous process; to palpate, feel the iliac crest and work thumbs down the posterior brim; find the prominence that protrudes most posteriorly (fans out); dimples are a guideline

Back 51

posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)

Front 52

these are the weight bearing bones of the pelvis; best way to palpate is side-lying with the hip flexed to 90º

Back 52

ischial tuberosities

Front 53

this is the joint between the pubic tubercles

Back 53

pubic symphysis

Front 54

these are the parts of the pubic bone that protrude the most

Back 54

pubic tubercles

Front 55

this is located on the lateral aspect of the femur, in the same plane as the pubic tubercles; palpate in supine and move them passively between medial and lateral rotation; mainly palpating the posterolateral rim

Back 55

greater trochanter of the femur

Front 56

these are the borders of the femoral triangle

Back 56

superior-inguinal crease
medial-adductor longus muscle
lateral-sartorius muscle ridge

Front 57

these are the contents of the femoral triangle

Back 57

femoral nerve (most lateral), femoral artery, and femoral vein (most medial)

Front 58

this nerve, when the hips and knees are in 90-90, runs halfway between the ischial tuberosity and the greater trochanter

Back 58

sciatic nerve

Front 59

to palpate this structure, you hold the opposite knee to the chest and bring the test leg into extension; it is located on the lateral side, and feels like a rubber band; it inserts into the lateral tibial tubercle

Back 59

iliotibial tract (IT band)

Front 60

this type of test is when the dynamometer is fixed and the subject exerts a maximum force against the tool (isometric contraction)

Back 60

make test

Front 61

this type of test is when the dynamometer is applied against the subject's limb with increasing force to attempt to "break" a maximal contraction (produces a slight eccentric contraction)

Back 61

break test

Front 62

most common test used in manual muscle testing

Back 62

break test

Front 63

this is when it is inappropriate to use manual muscle testing

Back 63

upper motor neuron lesions, presence of spasticity

Front 64

people with these conditions can handle manual muscle testing

Back 64

lower motor neuron lesions, involvement of contractile elements

Front 65

this occurs during manual muscle testing when a muscle or muscle group attempts to compensate for weak muscles

Back 65

substitution

Front 66

this is the available passive range of motion of a joint (not the same as full range of motion)

Back 66

test range

Front 67

this is the MMT grade that is when no palpable muscle contraction is felt with gravity lessened conditions

Back 67

O, 0%, 0

Front 68

this is the MMT grade when there is a palpable muscle contraction with no perceptible motion of segment with gravity lessened

Back 68

Tr (trace), 5%, 1

Front 69

this is the MMT grade when there is any movement in the test range without completing the available range with gravity lessened or complete test range with gravity lessened and manual assistance (partial range, gravity lessened)

Back 69

P-, 10%, 2-

Front 70

this is the MMT grade when the person is unable to hold the test position against gravity at all, but can complete the test range with gravity lessened

Back 70

P (poor), 20%, 2

Front 71

this is the MMT grade when the person is unable to hold the test position for 3 seconds; they can actively move only up to half of the test range against gravity or can complete test range with gravity lessened and hold against minimal to moderate manual resistance (used often when a patient can't get in an against gravity position)

Back 71

P+, 30%, 2+

Front 72

This is the MMT grade when the person is unable to hold the test position for 3 seconds, but can actively move more than half but incomplete test range against gravity or ability to complete test range against gravity but NOT able to hold for 3 seconds

Back 72

F-, 40%, 3-

Front 73

This is the MMT grade when the person is able to hold the test position for 3 seconds and cannot hold against minimal manual resistance; can actively complete the test range against gravity

Back 73

F (fair), 50%, 3

Front 74

This is the MMT grade given when the person is able to hold the test position for 3 seconds and against minimal manual resistance; can actively complete the test range against gravity

Back 74

F+, 60%, 3+

Front 75

This is the MMT grade given when the person is able to hold the test position for 3 seconds and against moderate manual resistance; can actively complete the test range against gravity (breaks just after moderate)

Back 75

G (good), 80%, 4

Front 76

This is the MMT grade given when the person is able to hold the test position for 3 seconds and against maximum manual resistance; can actively complete test range against gravity

Back 76

N (normal), 100%, 5