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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Ecosystem

The living and nonliving things in an area make this up

Food Chain

a model that shows the path of energy and nutrients in a ecosystem.

Abiotic Factor

non-living things

Producers

organisms such as plants and algae, that use the Sun's energy to make their own food

Consumer

any animal that eats plants or other animals, they cannot make their own food

decomposer

breaks down dead or decaying plant and animal material, they include fungi, bacteria, termites, and many worm species

herbivores

animals that eat only plants


examples: squirrels, deer, grasshoppers, giraffes, cows, and gorillas

carnivores

animals that eat other animals, consumers,


Ex: bobcats, lions, hawks

omnivores

animals that eat plants and animals


Ex: raccoons, bears, mice, people

Predator

an organism that hunts and kills other organisms for food

prey

organisms that are eaten by predators

population

includes all members of a single species in an area at a given time

food web

a network of food chains that have some links in common (several food chains put together)

competition

the fight for limited resources

limiting factor

any resource that restricts the growth of populations

biotic factors

living things

carrying capacity

the greatest number of individuals within a population that an ecosystem can support

adaptation

any characteristic that helps an organism survive

structural adaptations

adjustments to internal or external physical structures Ex: fur color, long limbs, ability to run fast

behavioral adaptations

an adjustment in an organism's behavior


ex: wolves traveling in packs, migration, hibernation

migration

a movement of animals to find food, reproduce in better conditions, or find a less severe climate

hibernation

a period of inactivity during cold weather

scavenger

animals that feed on the remains of dead animals that they did not hunt or kill


ex: vultures, raccoons, and some crabs

symbiosis

a long term relationship between different kinds of organisms

energy pyramid

shows the amount of energy available to pass from one level of the food chain to the next