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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the order (oldest to most recent) of the eons of earth's history?
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Hadean, Archaen, Proterozoic, Phanerozoic
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Which eon could be referred to as the "Age of the Protists"?
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Proterozoic
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The start of the geological record starts at the beginning of which eon?
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Archaen eon
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Which eon was the moon formed?
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Hadean eon
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How old is the earth?
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4.6 billion years old
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In what order were the supercontinents formed?
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Columbia, Rodinia, Pangea
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The mass extinction that killed the dinosaurs marked the division between which two eras?
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Mesozoic and Cenozoic
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The Great Dying marked the division between which two eras?
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Paleozoic and Mesozoic
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What is the "Age of Birds and Mammals"?
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Cenozoic
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What is the "Age of the Dinosaurs"?
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Mesozoic
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The dramatic increase in photosynthesis caused by evolution and proliferation of seedless vascular plant forests during the Paleozoic resulted in a ____________ in atmospheric CO2 and the beginning of _______________.
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decrease; an ice age
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When did seedless vascular plants evolve?
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Before seed plants
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When the Great Dying occurred, what supercontinent was formed?
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Pangea
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When air is falling towards earth, resulting in high pressure, at which latitudes?
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30 degrees
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Hot air rising at the equator causes winds to move ____________; the still air that occurs directly on the equator is called _______________.
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From 30 to 0 degrees; the Doldrums
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What is the Coriolis effect?
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What causes winds to be deflected towards the west in the southern hemisphere.
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Which latitudes tend to be the driest on the planet?
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30 degrees
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Warm are is _________ dense than cold air, causing it to __________.
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less; rise
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Trade winds blow from ______________.
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30 to 0 degrees
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Where would more plants exist on a mountain?
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The windward slope
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What are the seasons in the Southern hemisphere as opposed to the Northern hemisphere?
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opposite
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What happens when you increase in altitude?
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air expands; the average kinetic energy of atmospheric particles decreases
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What is the most significant source of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?
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burning of fossil fuels
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What is the order from least energy to highest energy of electromagnetic radiation?
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Radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x ray, gamma ray
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Where is most of the long-term CO2 and temperature data derived from?
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ice cores
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What is necessary for an ozone layer to form?
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sunlight, polar stratospheric clouds, and CFC's
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If the climate warms, which way would you expect the communities to move on mountains?
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up
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How are atmospheric CO2 and temperature correlated?
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positively
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Which has a higher albedo: snow or water?
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snow
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How much O18 deposited on a glacier would result in a warm year rather than a colder year?
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more
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To estimate past CO2 levels, we use a direct measurement from ice core data and a proxy to measure temperatures through isotopes.
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true
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What biome is characterized by frequent fires, and shrubby, fire-resistant plants?
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chapparal
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North Carolina's biome is..
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temperate deciduous forest
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The Midwest's biome is...
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temperate grassland
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Canada's biome is...
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boreal forest
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Southern California's biome is...
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chaparral
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What would be the most adaptive for a desert plant?
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CAM photosynthesis, modified leaves that form spines, and water storage
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What is the biome with no trees that is inhabited by small, adorable pants that get covered by snow in winter?
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Tundra
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What is the biome with the least precipitation throughout the year?
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desert
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Lakes with little organic matter are..
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oligotrophic
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Lakes with a lot of organic matter are...
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eutrophic
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Lakes with a little but not a lot of organic matter are...
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mesotrophic
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Salt water is ________ dense relative to fresh water, causing it to __________.
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more; sink
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What temperature is water MOST dense?
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4 degrees
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What temperature is water LEAST dense?
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0 degrees
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What is a wetland featuring only grasses, reeds, and herbaceous plants?
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marsh
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What is a region where the mouth of a river meets the ocean?
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Estuary
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What is a forested wetland?
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swamp
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What is a wetland inhabited primarily by mosses, resulting in large amounts of peat and acidic soils?
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bog
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Which lake zone is closest to the shore?
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Littoral zone
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Which lake zone is furthest from the shore?
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Limnetic zone
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Which lake zone is along the bottom?
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Benthic zone
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Which lake zone is where photosynthesis can take place?
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photic zone
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Which lake zone is where photosynthesis can not take place?
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aphotic zone
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Which lake zone is made up of the photic and aphotic zones?
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pelagic zone
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What is the formula for mark-recapture problems?
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number of caught/total number of population = number marked of recaptured/number of total recaptured
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What is species richness?
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number of species
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What is species evenness?
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the proportions relative to each species
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Which niche tends to be smaller: fundamental or realized?
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realized
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What population would grow faster?
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one with more females
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What are most species in the world: specialists or generalists?
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specialists
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What is a keystone species?
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a species that may be low in abundance but still plays an extremely important role in balancing community structure
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