Ecology Succession And/or Island Biogeography Theory

Front 1

Large islands tend to be more species rich than small islands

Back 1

Area effect

Front 2

Islands near to the mainland tend to be more species rich than distant islands

Back 2

Distance Effect

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The mainland (in island biogeography theory)

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Source Pool

Front 4

The rate at which new species colonize an island

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Immigration Rate

Front 5

The rate at which species disappear from an island

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Extinction Rate

Front 6

The rate at which species (on an island currently in equilibrium) replace each other

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Turnover rate

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ecological succesion that comes from after a disturbance that creates new substrate. (Volcano, Glacier).

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Primary Succession

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Ecological succesion that comes after a disturbance that removes significant amount of biomass, but leaves the existing substrate.(forest fire, abandoned tilled cropland).

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Secondary succesions

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The first of the species to colonize a recently disturbed habitat

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pioneer species

Front 10

the late successional community that exists at or near equilibrium

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climax community

Front 11

Plotting the relatve abundance of each species in a community in order of decreasing abundance

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Rank abundance graph

Front 12

The number of species in a sample

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Species richness

Front 13

The uniformity of species relative abundance

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Species Evenness

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The number of species that are represented by only one individual in a sample

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Singletons

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The number of species that are represented by exactly two individuals in a sample

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Doubletons

Front 16

Plotting the expected species richness against the number of individuals sampled

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Rarefaction curve

Front 17

The number of species per area or per volume

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Species density

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The act of searching for and obtaining food resources

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Foraging

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The physical space that is occupied by an organism

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habitat

Front 20

Amount of food (or energy) consummed per unit time

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Intake rate

Front 21

In theory, an individual that is able to select habitat best suited for survival and reproduction

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Ideal individual

Front 22

The physical space that an individual actively defends

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Territory

Front 23

A theoretical circumstance where an individuals choose, and occupy, habitat of highest suitability

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Ideal free distribution

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A single essential nutrient or other resource that most limites an organisms growth

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limiting resource

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A simple model that describes the rate of an enzyme reaction relative to the concentration of some limiting substrate

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Michaellis-Menten kinetics

Front 26

THe set of points in resources availability along which reproductive rate exactly equals mortality rate

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Zero net growth isocline

Front 27

The per capita negative effect of a predator on it's victim population

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Capture efficiency

Front 28

The per capita effect of converting a single prey item on increasing the predator population

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Conversion efficiency

Front 29

A physical location that prey can go to escape predation

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Refugia

Front 30

Rate of victim capture by a predator as a function of victim abundance

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Functional response

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Per capita growth rate of predator population as a function of victim abundance

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Numerical response

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Functional response is prey capture linearly correlated with prey abundance

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Type I

Front 33

Functional response is mostly correlated with prey abundance, but tapers off to an upper asymptote due to prey saturation

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Type II

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Functional response is limited by prey saturation, but begins with a sigmoidal shape due to inefficient prey capture at very low prey abundance ( such as due to prey switching or a lack of search image)

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Type III