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Nitrogen cycle

Nitrogen fixation ---> Ammonification ---> Nitrification ---> Denitrification

Nitrogen fixation

N2 cannot be used directly by living things.



Fixed in soil or watet by special nitrogen fixing bacteria that lives as a part of the roots of plants called legumes.



Such as peas or beans.



Can also be fixed by lightning.




Ammonification

Produced when nitrogen is fixed or animal waste or dead organisms are decomposed



Accomplished by special bacteria that live in soil or water



Plants are able to use ammonia and ammonium

Nitrification

Nitrification is accomplished by special bacteria that live in soil and water.



Nitrates arre the most usable nitrogenous compounds for plants.



Plants absob nitrates from the soil and then make proteins and nucleic acids.



Animals and decomposers consume the plants, the proteins are digested and nitrogen is released

Denitrification

Bacteria that live in soil or water change ammonia, nitrites, or nitrates back into nitrogen gas

Nitrogen cycle (chemical symbol)

Other factors affecting ecosystems

-greenhouse gasses


-bioaccumulation


-bio magnification


-alien species


-invasive species


-biodiversity

Greenhouse gasses

Gasses in the atmosphere that trap heat and cause temps to rise



Ex.


CO2 and methane

Bioaccumulation

Toxins enter the body at a greater rate than they are removed

Biomagnification

Increases in the concentration of toxin as you move up a food chain

Alien species

A species that is accidentally or deliberately introduced in a new ecosystem

Invasive species

An alien species that has been introduced into a new ecosystem and then takes over this habitat

Biodiversity

Variety of different plants and animals found in an ecosystem.



More biodiversity increases the stabilityb of an ecosystem


The Water cycle involves different processes which change the state of water that move around in our enviornment. Key terms include:

-Evaporation


-Sublimation


-Deposition


-Condensation


-Transpiration

Evaporation

Liquid to Gas

Sublimation

Solid to Gas

Deposition

Gas to Solid

Condensation

Gas To Liquid

Transpiration

Liquid to Gas



On the leaves of plants

Othet ecology terms