Ecology Notecheck

Front 1

Ecology is a branch of study involving the _____ between organisms and their environment.

Back 1

interaction

Front 2

Organisms that are photosynthetic are collectively known as:

Back 2

producers

Front 3

Organisms that eat plants or eat other organisms who eat plants are collectively called:

Back 3

consumers

Front 4

The living components in an ecosystem are known as:

Back 4

biotic factors

Front 5

Which of the following is a biotic factor?

Back 5

flowers

Front 6

These are non-living factors in an ecosystem:

Back 6

abiotic factors

Front 7

Which of the following is an abiotic factor?

Back 7

sunlight

Front 8

A step in a food chain analyzing the flow of energy in an ecosystem is called a:

Back 8

trophic level

Front 9

Three major categories of consumers include:

Back 9

carnivores, herbivores, omnicores

Front 10

Organisms that break down organic material and "recycle" nutrients are:

Back 10

decomposers

Front 11

Which of the following is an example of a decomposer?

Back 11

Maggots,fungi,bacteria

all of the above

Front 12

A sequence of one organism feeding on another is referred to as a:

Back 12

food chain

Front 13

A conglomerate of connected food chains is is called a :

Back 13

food web

Front 14

The physical law that states energy is never lost - it is transformed into other forms:

Back 14

the first law of thermodynamics

Front 15

The physical law that states machines are not 100 percent efficient is:

Back 15

the 2nd law of thermodynamics

Front 16

The first law of thermodynamics is also known as the :

Back 16

law of conservation of energy

Front 17

Approximately what percent of energy is transformed to other forms of energy from one trophic level to the next?

Back 17

90

Front 18

A large regional community is called a :

Back 18

biome

Front 19

A population is the number of a _______ in a given time and area.

Back 19

species

Front 20

A collection of interacting populations in an ecosystem (includes only biotic factors):

Back 20

community

Front 21

A biome characterized by scattered thorny plants and very little rainfall is a:

Back 21

desert

Front 22

A biome characterized by grasses, minimal rainfall, and located west of the mississippi river is:

Back 22

prairie

Front 23

A biome characterized by mosses, shrubs, (and other lowly vascularized plants), no trees and long severe winters is:

Back 23

tundra

Front 24

A biome characterized by large trees that lose their leaves in the fall:

Back 24

deciduous forest

Front 25

A biome characterized by the wet and dry seasons located mostly in central africa:

Back 25

savannah

Front 26

A biome characterized by conifers (evergreen trees) located in the northwestern united states:

Back 26

boreal forest

Front 27

200 years ago, Illinois most likely belonged to which biome?

Back 27

prairie

Front 28

In current times, some ecologists and geographers would include Illinois in which biome?

Back 28

deciduous forest

Front 29

A condition involving the close interaction of animals "living together"

Back 29

symbiotic relationship/ symbiosis

Front 30

the place where an organism lives is called a:

Back 30

habitat

Front 31

The role or function that an organism performs is a:

Back 31

niche

Front 32

______is based on the fact that resources are in limited supply and eventually no two species can permanently occupy the same niche at the same time.

Back 32

competitive exclusion principle

Front 33

The number of number of an individual species per given unit of land is referred to as:

Back 33

population density

Front 34

The number of individuals born per 1000 people per year is known as:

Back 34

birth rate

Front 35

Reproductive capacity of a species to continue and increase the species is called:

Back 35

reproductive potential (also called biotic potential)

Front 36

Factors tha control/limit the growth of a population are called:

Back 36

limiting factors

Front 37

_____ is one of the biggest factors that can regulate population growth. Examples include the bubonic plague (which wiped out 1/3 of the world's population) and AIDS.

Back 37

disease

Front 38

The number of organisms that can survive in an area over time is referred to as:

Back 38

carrying capacity

Front 39

A family planning method in which couples elect to only generate two or less offspring is called:

Back 39

zero population growth

Front 40

The number of individuals who die per 1000 people per year is referred to as:

Back 40

death rate

Front 41

One potential consequence of overpopulation is:

Back 41

poverty, malnutrition/hunger, political unrest

all of the above

Front 42

Which of the following is linked to population growth?

Back 42

inadequate education programs, cultural and social expectations, better medicines and medical techniques,

all of the above

Front 43

A conservative estimate of human world population is:

Back 43

6.5 billion

Front 44

A symbiotic relationship involving active pursuit with capturing and killing is:

Back 44

predation

Front 45

A symbiotic relationship involving an organism being harmed while the other benefits is:

Back 45

parasitism

Front 46

A symbiotic relationship involving benefits for both organism involved is:

Back 46

mutualism

Front 47

A symbiotic relationship involving one organism benefitting while the other is unharmed is?

Back 47

commensalism

Front 48

a symbiotic relationship involving one member being harmed while the other is unaffected is:

Back 48

amensalism

Front 49

Benefits of predation include:

Back 49

stabalizing population size, weeding out the genetically and physically weak

both a and b

Front 50

An organism which can carry and transmit disease is called a:

Back 50

vector

Front 51

This biome consists of high temperatures, high rainfall, high species deversity and is near the equator:

Back 51

tropical rain forest

Front 52

A type of development in which plants and animals exist where none had previously existed- organ matter, soil layer had to be established first:

Back 52

primary succession

Front 53

a stable long-lasting ecological community is called a :

Back 53

climax community

Front 54

Intermediate steps/stages in the development of a climax community are called:

Back 54

seres

Front 55

The development of a community that was once well established, but interrupted by either natural or man-made events is called:

Back 55

secondary succession

Front 56

The first organisms to colonize an ecosystem and eventually help to form a soil layer are called?

Back 56

pioneer organisms

Front 57

A time from the late 1940s to the mid 1960s in which population growth increased rapidly was known as the ?

Back 57

baby boom

Front 58

Secondary succession occurs more quickly than primary succession because:

Back 58

soil laters are already established in secondary succession