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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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trophic (feeding) biology
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the study of the feeding biology of organisms
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autotrophs
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an organism that can synthesize organic molecules using inorganic molecules and energy from either sunlight (photosynthetic autotrophs) or from inorganic molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide (chemosynthetic autotrophs)
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photosynthetic
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a term describing organisms capable of photosynthesis
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chemosynthetic
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refers to autotrophs that use inorganic molecules as a source of carbon and energy
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heterotrophs
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an organism that uses organic molecules both as a source of carbon and as a source of energy
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prokaryotes
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organisms with cells that have no membrane-bound nucleus or organelles. The prokaryotes include the bacteria and the archaea.
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archaea
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prokaryotes distinguished from bacteria on the basis of structural, physiological, and other biological features
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rhodopsin
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light-absorbing pigments found in the eyes of animals and in bacteria and archaea
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photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
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wavelengths of light between 400 and 700nm that photosynthetic organisms use as a source of energy
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photon flux density
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the number of photons of light striking a square meter surface each second
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C3 photosynthesis
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the photosynthetic pathway used by most plants and all algae, in which the product of the initial reaction is phosphoglyceric acid, or PGA, a three-carbon acid
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C4 photosynthesis
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CO2 is fixed in mesophyll cells by combining it with phosphoenol pyruvate or PEP, to produce a four-carbon acid. Plants using C4 photosynthesis are generally drought tolerant than plants employing C3 photosynthesis
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CAM photosynthesis
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a photosynthetic pathway largely limited to succulent plants in arid and semiarid environments, in which carbon fixation takes place at night, when lower temperatures reduce the rate of water loss during CO2 uptake. The resulting four-carbon acids are stored until daylight, when they are broken down into pyruvates and CO2
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bundle sheath
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structure, which surrounds the leaf veins of C4 plants, made up of cells, were four-carbon acids produced during carbon fixation are broken down to three-carbon acids and CO2
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herbivores
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a heterothrophic organism that eats plants
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