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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What must plants maintain to survive, grow, and reproduce?
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a positive carbon balance
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What is the ultimate source of carbon for organic molecules?
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CO2
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How is CO2 transformed into organic molecules?
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autotrophs
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Are plants photoautrophs or chemoautrophs?
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photoautotrophs
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What is photosynthesis?
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Photosynthesis is the conversion of carbon dioxide into simple sugars.
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Describe C3 photosynthesis.
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used by most plants and algae
enzyme - Rubisco to fix Carbon, plants must open stomata to let in CO2 "CO2-limited" |
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Describe C4 photosynthesis.
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used often by plants in hot, bright environments
Enzyme - PEP carboxylase 2 part process need fewer stomata open (conserves water) |
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Describe CAM photosynthesis.
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used in hot, dry environments (cacti, bromeliads, jade plants, spanish moss)
Enzyme - PEP carboxykinase carbon fixation (stomata open) takes place at night (reduced water loss) |
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What is the formula for net photosynthesis?
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Net photosynthesis = photosynthesis - respiration
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Where does photosynthesis occur?
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Photosynthesis occurs within specialized leaf or mesophyll cells.
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How does CO2 enter the leaf?
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through openings on the surface called stomata
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What is transpiration?
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the water loss through the stomata
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How do plants respond to loss of water or moisture stress?
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leaf curling and wilting
inhibition of chlorophyll production--> loss of leaves drought deciduous modified photosynthetic pathways |
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Plants adapted to warmer, drier environments have developed alternative photosynthetic pathways that increase ________-____ ___________
called _________ and _____________________. |
water-use efficiency
C4 photosynthetic pathway; CAM pathway |
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In response to lower soil water, what may a plant do?
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A plant can increase carbon allocation to roots.
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What are macronutrients?
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Nutrients that are needed in a large amount.
Phoshorus Nitrogen Potassium |
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What are micronutrients?
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Micronutrients (trace elements) are needed in lesser, often minute quantities.
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What does nutrient uptake depend upon?
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supply and demand
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