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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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water cycle
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process by which water travels in a sequence from the air to earth and returns to the atmosphere
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precipitation
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sets water cycle in motion
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interception
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of water by vegetation, organic matter, urban structures
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infiltration
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precipitation that reaches ground
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surface runoff
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soil is saturated, excess water flows across the surface of the ground
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groundwater
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soil that enters the ground and seeps down to an impervious layer of clay or rock
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Transpiration
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evaporation of water from internal surfaces of plants
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evapotranspiration
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total amount of evaporating water from the surfaces of the ground and vegetation
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hydrogen bonding
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hydrogen atoms act as connecting links between water molecules
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specific heat
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number of calories needed to raise 1 g of water 1 degree celsius.
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cohesion
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water molecules stick together due to h bonding
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surface tension
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taunt surface, acts as barrier
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viscosity
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force necessary to separate molecules and allow an object to pass through a liquid. frictional resistance of water is much higher than air
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buoyancy
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body submerged in water weighs less than the water it displaces
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thermocline
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region of vertical depth profile where temperature declines rapidly
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epilimnion
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warmer, less dense water
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hypolimnion
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colder, more dense water
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practical salinity unit
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grams of chlorine per kilogram of water
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acidity
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abundance of H ions
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Alkaline solutions
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large number of OH-
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upwelling
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deep waters move to the surface
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intertidal zone
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area lying between lines of high and low tide
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tidal overmixing
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seawater from surface sinks and freshwater rises
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