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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Weather
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combination of atmospheric conditions at a specific place and time
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Climate
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Long term average pattern of weather and may be local, regional, or global
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Shortwave Radiation
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Given off by very hot surfaces, like the sun
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Longwave Radiation
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Given off by cooler surfaces, like the surface of the earth
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Greenhouse Effect
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energy is absorbed by water vapor and CO2 in the atmosphere, energy is radiated back to earth
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visible light
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400-700 nm
Photosynthetically active radiation |
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atmospheric pressure
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air's weight acts as a force on Earth's surface, amount of force over a given surface area
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environmental lapse rate
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rate at which temperature decreases with altitude
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adiabatic cooling
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decrease in air temperature through expansion rather than heat loss
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adiabatic lapse rate
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rate of temperature change with elevation
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Coriolis effect
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deflection in the pattern of air flow, movement of an object moving from a greater circumference to a smaller will be deflected opposite of the spin
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equatorial low
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low pressure zone near the surface of equator, hot air rises
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Subtropical high
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descending cool air forms a high pressure belt
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subpolar low
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polar zones: surface air converges and rises.
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currents
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systematic pattern of water movements
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gyres
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two great circular water motions in each ocean
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latent heat
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amount of energy released or absorbed during a change of state.
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evaporation
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energy is released
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condensation
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energy is required
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vapor pressure
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amount of pressure water vapor exerts independent of the pressure of dry air
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saturation vapor pressure
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water vapor content of air at saturation: cannot be exceeded
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relative humidity
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amount of water vapor in the air expressed as a percentage of the saturation vapor pressure
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dew point temperature
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temperature at which saturation vapor pressure is achieved
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Intertropical convergence zone
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trade winds meet, high amounts of precipitation
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Rain shadow
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desert conditions on leeward side of mountain, air cools and becomes saturated as it rises up windward side
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microclimate
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variety in light, heat, moisture, and air movement in different parts of a landscape. Define conditions organisms live in.
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