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89 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Ecology(noun) |
بوم شناسی |
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Ecologist(noun) |
اکولوژیست |
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Ecological(adjective) |
مربوط به بوم شناسی |
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Ecocide(noun) |
(تباه سازی محیط زیست مثلا با آلوده سازی) زیست بوم کشی |
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Ecosphere(noun) ecosystem that includes all the planet's living organisms and their physical environment Biosphere |
زیست کره |
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Fauna(noun) [uncountable] all the animals living in a particular area or period in history Animals: beasts ≠vegetation: flora جانوران، زیاگان(در برابر گیاگان) |
the fauna of North America زیاگان امریکای شمالی Alborz Mountain's flora and fauna زیاگان و گیاگان کوه‌های البرز |
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Flora(noun) [uncountable] all the plants that grow in a particular place or country Plants: vegetation ≠ Fauna: animals گیاهان، گیاگان |
Tourism is damaging the flora and fauna (=plants and animals) of the island. |
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Rain forest |
جنگل بارانی |
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Acid rain |
باران اسیدی |
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Greenhouse effect |
اثر گلخانه ای |
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Ozone layer (ozonosphere |
لایه ی ازن |
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Ultraviolet radiation |
اشعه ی ماوراء بنفش |
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Pollution-free |
بدون آلودگی |
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Pollution-free With no pollutants or contaminants |
فاقد/بدون آلودگی |
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Noxious(adjective) Toxic: poisonous: hazardous: deadly مضر، سمی |
noxious fumes دودهای سمی |
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litter/trash/garbage/waste(noun) |
زباله |
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Sewage(noun) the mixture of waste from the human body and used water, that is carried away from houses by pipes under the ground Wastewater: used water |
sewage plant تاسیسات فاضلاب domestic sewage فاضلاب خانگی Chlorine is used in sewage treatment. The factory secretly dumped millions of gallons of raw sewage (=sewage that had not been treated) into the Ohio river. |
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Abate(verb) [intransitive] [formal] to become less strong or decrease Subside[intransitive]: die down |
We waited for the storm to abate. The storm abated. طوفان فروکش کرد. |
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Air monitoring |
نظارت بر هوا، کنترل[آلودگی] هوا |
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Balance of nature |
تعادل طبیعت |
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Coalification(noun) |
زغالسازی (فرآیند تبدیل مواد گیاهی به زغالسنگ طی زمان‌های طولانی) |
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Coalification(noun) |
زغالسازی (فرآیند تبدیل مواد گیاهی به زغالسنگ طی زمان‌های طولانی) |
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Deforest(verb) |
جنگل زدایی کردن |
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Deforestation(noun) the cutting or burning down of all the trees in an area جنگل زدایی، قطع درختان جنگلی |
the deforestation of the tropics |
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Desertification(noun) the process by which useful land, especially farmland, changes into desert ≠Desert greening بیابان زایی |
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Desert greening(noun) the process of man-made reclamation of deserts for ecological reasons, farming and forestry, but also for reclamation of natural water systems and other ecological systems that support life بیابان زدایی |
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Tidal/Solar energy |
انرژی خورشیدی/ناشی از جزر و مد |
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Fuel-efficient(adjective) a fuel-efficient engine or vehicle burns fuel in a more effective way than usual, so that it loses less fuel Economical کم مصرف |
an affordable, fuel-efficient compact car a fuel-efficient car uses less gasoline اتومبیل کم مصرف بنزین کمتری مصرف می‌کند. |
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long-term climatic change |
تغییرات اقلیمی طولانی مدت |
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Noise pollution |
آلودگی صوتی |
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Trash bag |
کیسه زباله |
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Water shortage |
کمبود آب |
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Zero emission |
فاقد آلایندگی |
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Amphibian(noun)=an Amphibiois animal(adjective) |
دو زیست |
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Aquatic(adjective) آ'کوادیک 1. living or growing in water آبزی 2. involving or happening in water Water آبی(وابسته به آب) |
1. an aquatic plant گیاهی آبزی 2. aquatic/water sports aquatic life زندگی آبی(وابسته به آب) |
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Taxonomy(noun) the process or a system of organizing things into different groups that show their natural relationships, especially plants or animals Classification system (علم) طبقه/رده بندی +taxonomist(noun) |
taxonomy order ترتیب طبقه بندی the taxonomy of these fossils a taxonomy of smells |
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Biological taxonomy Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup! |
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Domain دامنه Kingdom فرمانرو Phylum شاخه Class رده Order راسته Family خانواده Genus سرده Species گونه |
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Pest(noun) Vermin(جانور موذی، حشرات) آفت |
a chemical used in pest control |
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Biological vacuum |
خلا بیولوژیکی |
Vacuum(noun) [singular] Vacuity a situation in which someone or something is missing or lacking ☆create/leave a vacuum (in something) Her husband’s death left a vacuum in her life. ☆power/political/moral etc vacuum the political vacuum caused by the ban on Communist Party activity |
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Coral(noun & adjective) |
مرجان، مرجانی Coral reefs صخره های مرجانی |
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Chameleon(noun) کِ 'می لیِن |
آفتاب پرست |
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Prey(noun) Game |
طعمه |
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Bill(noun) Beak |
منقار |
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Gorilla(noun) ¡ Guerrilla(partisan) |
گوریل |
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Rodent(noun) |
جونده |
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Shrimp(noun Prawn(حلاله!) |
میگو |
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Lobster(noun) Crab |
خرچنگ |
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Oyster(noun) |
صدف خوراکی |
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Clam(noun) |
گوشت صدف |
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Chirp(verb) if a bird or insect chirps, it makes short high sounds جیر جیر/جیک جیک کردن |
The crickets were chirping زنجره‌ها جیرجیر می‌کردند. Nothing could be heard but the chirps of insects صدایی جز جیر جیر حشرات به گوش نمی‌رسید. |
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Slothful(adjective) {formal} lazy or not active Idle: lazy: indolent: work-shy(lazy and trying to avoid any work) (تنبل از زیر کار در رو) تنبل، سست |
fatigue made him slothful |
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Moth(noun) [countable] بید |
I store my sweaters in plastic bags to protect them from moths |
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Caterpillar(noun) |
کرم پیله ساز |
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Horde(noun) Swarm خيل حشرات، گروهی انبوه از چیزی(از ریشه تاتار) |
Mongolian hordes قبایل مغولی A horde of mosquitoes was circling the light انبوهی از پشه‌ها دور چراغ پرواز می‌کردند. Hordes of Irish immigrants who came to America گروه‌های بزرگی از مهاجران ایرلندی که به امریکا آمدند. |
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Flock(noun) [countable] a group of sheep, goats, or birds Herd: pack گله، رمه |
☆flock of a flock of small birds |
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Tentacle(noun) [countable] |
شاخک |
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Homeotherm(noun) an animal which maintains thermal homeostasis
+Homeothermic(adjective) Warm-blooded خون گرم |
(جانور)خون گرم |
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Warm-bloodedness(noun) |
خون گرمی |
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Breed(verb): multiply: reproduce |
زاد و ولد کردن |
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Evolution(noun) Phylogenesis |
تکامل |
! Botany=phytology |
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Darwinism(noun) |
مکتب داروین |
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Natural selection |
انتخاب طبیعی |
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Alga(noun) [alfae (plural)] |
جلبک |
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Nest(verb) [intransitive] to build or use a nest: Nestle لانه کردن |
They say eagles used to nest in those rocks. |
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Molt(verb) When a bird or animal moults, it loses feathers or hair so that new ones can grow Shed(horn, skin, feathers, etc.): exuviate |
Birds molt once or twice a year پرندگان سالی یک یا دو بار پر می‌ریزند. |
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Echolocation(noun) |
پژواک یابی |
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Anthropoid ape |
میمون شبیه انسان که بدون دم هستند |
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Baboon(noun) |
عنتر دم کوتاه |
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Primate(noun) a member of the group of animals that includes humans and monkeys نخستی ها |
! |
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Primitive(noun & adjective) Noun Basic نخستی Adjective Early: rudimentary ≠civilized(متمدن) نخستی، اولیه |
Noun Primitives انسان های نخستین Adjective Primitive men انسان های نخستین |
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Gregarious(adjective) 1. friendly and preferring to be with other people Sociable ≠Solitary: ungregarious معاشرتی، اجتماعی 2. [technical] gregarious animals tend to live in a group ≠Solitary: ungregarious اجتماع/گروه دوست |
1. Homa is a gregarious woman هما زنی معاشرتی است. 2. Pigeons are gregarious birds کبوتر پرنده‌ای گروه دوست است. |
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Botany(noun) the scientific study of plants Phytology گیاه شناسی ¡ phylogenesis |
botany class This book contains many valuable articles on history, topography, botany, mining, commerce and statistics. |
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Botanist(noun) someone whose job is to make scientific studies of wild plants Phytologist: plant scientist گیاه‌شناس، زیست‌گیاه شناس |
She's a botanist and spent several years researching in the tropics. The botanist introduced a new species of plant to the region. |
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Botanical(adjective) [only before noun] relating to plants or the scientific study of plants گیاهی |
botanical specimens نمونه های گیاهی Tehran botanical garden باغ گیاهان تهران botanical drawings تصاویر گیاهی |
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Alpine(adjective) of the Alps or other high mountains Upland: highland: (کوهی، وابسته به مناطق مرتفع) آلپی، وابسته به کوه های بلند(مانند آلپ) |
breathtaking alpine scenery alpine skiing alpine flowers گیاهان کوهی(آلپی) |
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Host plant |
گیاه میزبان |
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Marsh plant |
گیاه باتلاقی/مردابی |
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Marsh plant |
گیاه باتلاقی/مردابی |
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herbaceous plants/(shortend to:) Herbs هِر'بِی‌شِس vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground گیاهان علفی |
Herbaceous(adjective) علفی |
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Parts of a plant |
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Parts of a flower |
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Wilt(verb) [intransitive] if a plant wilts, it bends over because it is too dry or old Droop(vt & vi): wither(vt & vi): become lipm/droop پژمردن |
The plants are wilting because they haven't been watered. |
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Flesh(noun) 1. the soft part of the body of a person or animal that is between the skin and the bones Animal tissue; Pulp(of a fruit) گوشت تن، گوشت میوه 2. the skin of the human body Skin پوست، سطح بدن |
1. a freshwater fish with firm white flesh a flesh-eating animal حیوان گوشت‌خوار The arrow had cut into the elephant's flesh پیکان گوشت بدن فیل را پاره کرده بود. a new tomato with firm flesh گوجه‌فرنگی جدیدی با گوشت سفت 2. His flesh was red and covered in sores. ☆make sb’s flesh creep/crawl
The way he stared at her made her flesh creep. I felt my flesh crawl (پوست) تنم مورمور می‌شود.
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Kernel(noun) the part of a nut or seed inside the shell, or the part inside the stone of some fruits Meat; seed: grain (در هسته‌ی میوه یا گردو و بادام و غیره) مغز؛ دانه |
a kernel of corn دانه‌ی ذرت wheat and barley kernels دانه‌های گندم و جو almond kernel مغز بادام the kernel of some fruit pits مغز هسته‌ی برخی میوه‌ها |
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Peel(verb) 1. [transitive] to remove the skin from fruit or vegetables Skin: remove skin پوست کندن 2. [intransitive] if skin, paper, or paint peels, it comes off, usually in small pieces ورآمدن |
1. Peel/skin and dice the potatoes. She peeled the potatoes. 2. ☆peel from/off The paper was peeling from the wall. New skin grows, and the damaged skin peels off. The paint is beginning to peel (off). |
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Trunk→bough/main branch→twig/small branch Stick: a long thin piece of wood from a tree, which is no longer attached to the tree |
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Lawn: Grassland چمن‌زار Prairie: large open grassland دشت Meadow مرغزار، مرتع (علفش آن به عنوان علوفه بریده می شود) |
Savanna: a grassy plain with few trees جلگه ی بی درخت |
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Shrub(noun) a small bush with several woody stems بوته: درختچه |
flowering(having or decorated with flowers) shrubs بوته های گلدار Rosemary is an evergreen shrub. |
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Symbiosis(noun) the relationship between different living things that depend on each other Coexistence: mutualism هم زیستی |
They are mutually inseparable either in symbiosis or in predatory competition until a new form appears on the scene. Despite this symbiosis, the relationship that the military has established with religious nationalists remains ambiguous. |
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