Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What side of the heart is more Anterior?
|
Right
|
|
|
What structures are attached to the papillary muscles?
|
Chordae tendinae and the myocardium
|
|
|
What side of the mitral valve is experiencing the most pressure during systole?
|
the LV side
|
|
|
A decrease in diastole means a decrease in what?
|
filling time
|
|
|
What side of the heart contracts first? If so, why?
|
Left, because the LBB is thicker, shorter, and consists of three fascicles
|
|
|
Will conduction system defects effect systolic function? If so, why?
|
Yes, if part of the conduction system is not supplying an impulse, then part of the myocardium will depolarize in an abnormal fashion. In turn, the ventricle may not eject blood proficiently.
|
|
|
What are the LVFW sections?
|
Inferior,
Infero-Posterior, Postero-Lateral, Antero-Lateral, Anterior |
|
|
What are the RVFW sections?
|
Inferior,
Middle, Anterior |
|
|
What side of the heart is more Posterior?
|
Left
|
|
|
What arteries supply blood to the Antero-Lateral myocardium of the LVFW?
|
Circumflex and the LAD
|
|
|
What is the functions of atrial appendages?
|
to create more filling volume in the atrium before the tricuspid valve opens
|
|
|
Con for atrial appendages?
|
thrombus may form in these pouches
|
|
|
Thesbian valve location
|
Between the Coronary sinus and the RA
|
|
|
Functions of the cardiac skeleton
|
Delay conduction,
Give support for the heart, Give ventricles something to contract against |
|
|
Where does the Coronary sinus empty into?
|
RA
|
|
|
The RA receives blood from what vessels?
|
SVC, IVC, and the coronary sinus
|
|
|
The ability for the heart to contract efficiently is what function?
|
Systolic function
|
|
|
A valve that doesn't open all the way
|
stenotic valve
|
|
|
Valve thats not closing all the way
|
insufficient
|
|
|
What valves are open during systolic isovolumic contraction period?
|
none, all valves are closed
|
|
|
During systolic rapid ejection time, what valves are open?
|
SL valves should be open
|
|
|
What part of the cardiac cycle follows systolic ejection period?
|
Diastolic Isovolumic period
|
|
|
LVOT
|
LV Outflow tract
|
|
|
LVIT
|
LV Inflow tract
|
|
|
RVOT
|
RV Outflow tract
|
|
|
RVIT
|
RV Inflow tract
|
|
|
Main functions of the heart
|
To provide transportation,
|
|
|
Hormone's produced by the heart
|
ANH (atrial natriuretic hormone), and B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) blood test
|
|
|
Discovery of pizoelectricity
|
Curie in 1880
|
|
|
First apply ultrasound for medical purposes
|
Karl Dussik
|
|
|
What frequency will attenuate more rapidly? (higher or lower)
|
Higher
|
|
|
What frequency is more desirable for echocardiography? (higher or lower)
|
Lower
|
|
|
What determines the frequency of the transducer?
|
the thickness of the transducer
|
|
|
__ compression+__ rarefaction=
|
1 cycle
|
|
|
20kHz is equal to...
|
20,000 Hz
|
|
|
Ultrasound frequency is above what frequency?
|
20kHz
|
|
|
What happens to the ultrasound beam when it hit a tissue medium?
|
reflection, refraction, and continuation
|
|
|
With out gel, what would the transducer see?
|
nothing, the beam would reflect at the skin's surface
|
|
|
Acoustic Impedance is defined as what?
|
the product of velocity and physical density
|
|
|
Near field is defined as...
|
the field before the beam starts to diverges
|
|
|
The far field is defined as...
|
the field after the beam starts to diverges
|
|
|
Axial resolution is defined as...
|
the ability to differentiate two structures lying along the axis of the ultrasound beam
|
|
|
Lateral resolution is defined as...
|
the ability to distinguish two reflectors that lie side by side relative to the beam.
|
|
|
The degree of amplitude or amplification is called...
|
the gain
|
|
|
The length between a single wave cycle
|
wave length
|
|
|
The adjustment that allows returning signals from different depths to be selectively suppressed or amplified to provide relatively uniformed signal strengths.
|
Time gain compensation
|
|
|
What mode records faster. 2D or M-Mode?
|
M-Mode
|
|
|
In M-Mode, what does the A wave represent?
|
Atrial kick
|
|
|
The term for when the top of the spectrum appears to wrap around the bottom of the display.
|
Aliasing
|
|
|
How do you correct Aliasing?
|
adjust the baseline until peaks return back to the top of the image
|
|
|
Does the apical four chamber show the aortic valve?
|
No
|
|
|
The view used for assessing blood flow through the RVIT, RVOT, LVIT, LVOT
|
Apical four chamber
|
|
|
Degrees of transducer rotation from parasternal long axis to parasternal short axis...
|
90 degrees
|
|
|
From the apical four chamber, what degree of counterclockwise rotation is needed to get an Apical two chamber view?
|
60 degrees
|
|
|
From the Apical four chamber, what degree of counterclockwise rotation is needed to get an Apical three chamber view?
|
120 degrees
|
|
|
From the Apical two chamber, what degree of counterclockwise rotation is needed to get an Apical three chamber view?
|
60 degrees
|
|
|
In M-Mode, What point of the Mitral valve wave is the end of systole
|
D point
|
|
|
In M-Mode, What point of the Mitral valve wave is the atrial kick?
|
A point
|
|
|
In M-Mode, What point of the Mitral valve wave is the end of ventricular diastole?
|
C point
|
|
|
In M-Mode, What point of the Mitral valve wave lines up with the P wave on the ECG?
|
A point
|
|
|
In M-Mode, What point of the Mitral valve wave lines up at the end of the T wave on the ECG?
|
D point
|
|
|
In M-Mode, What point of the Mitral valve wave lines up with the R wave of the ECG?
|
C point
|
|
|
The point of maximal impact is found where?
|
5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line
At the apex of the heart |
|
|
What view is used to get an image of the Aortic Arch?
|
Suprasternal
|
|
|
Whats the first standard view of echocardiography?
|
Parasternal Long Axis
|
