Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Normal Sinus Rhythm
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Regular -- P-P regular -- R-R regular Rate: 60-100 bpm |
|
|
Sinus Bradycardia
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Regular -- P-P regular -- R-R regular Rate: < 60 bpm |
|
|
Sinus Tachycardia
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12- 0.20 sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Regular -- P-P regular -- R-R regular Rate: < 100 bpm |
|
|
1st Degree AV Block
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: > 0.20 sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Regular -- P-P regular -- R-R regular Rate: Variable |
|
|
Sinus Arrhythmia
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12- 0.20 sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Irregular Rate: Variable |
|
|
Sinus Pause
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Irregular around the pause Rate: Varriable PAUSE is less than 2 cardiac cycles |
|
|
Sinus Exit Block
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Irregular around the pause Rate: Varriable EXIT is equal to 2 cardiac cycles |
|
|
Sinus Arrest
|
P wave: present - look the same - followed by a QRS
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20sec and consistant QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec and consistant Rhythm: Irregular around the pause Rate: Varriable ARREST is greater than 2 cardiac cycles |
|
|
Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
|
P wave: Early - looks different from the other P Waves (can be hidden in the T wave)
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20sec QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec Rhythm: Irregular around the PAC Rate: Varriable EVALUATE THE UNDERLYING RHYTHM 1st |
|
|
Blocked Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
|
P wave: Early - looks different from the other P Waves (can be hidden in the T wave)
BLOCKED PACs are NOT followed by a QRS complex and looked like a missed or dropped beat QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20sec QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec Rhythm: Irregular around the PAC Rate: Varriable |
|
|
Multifocal Atrial Rhythm (MAR)
|
P wave: Have 3 or more different shapes
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20sec (might not be consistent) QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec Rhythm: Irregular Rate: Varriable but < or = to 100bpm AKA a "Wandering Atrial Pacemaker" |
|
|
Mutifocial Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
|
P wave: P waves have 3 or more different shaps
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20sec (might not be consistent) QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec Rhythm: Irregular Rate: Varriable but > 100 bpm |
|
|
Atrial Tahycardia
|
P wave: Present - follewed by QRS complex
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one P wave PR Interval: 0.12-0.20sec QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec Rhythm: Regular Rate: 150-250 bpm it is usally initiated by a PAC If the rhythm starts and stops suddenly it is called a Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT) |
|
|
Atrial Tachycardia with Block
|
P wave: Present but NOT all follwed by a QRS complex
QRS Complex: present - look the same - precedeed by one or more P waves PR Interval: 0.12-0.20sec QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec Rhythm: Atrial rhythm is regular ventricular rhythm is regular or irregular dependant upon the degree of block Rate: Atrial rate = 150-250bpm ventricular rate = varriable |
|
|
Atrial Flutter
|
P wave: None Atrial waves called flutter waves ("Sawtoothed")
QRS Complex: present - may appear distrorted and look different due to flutter waves PR Interval: None QRS Interval: 0.04-.010 sec Rhythm: Flutter waves are regular - Venticular rhythm is regular or irregular dependant upon the degree of block Rate: Varriable |
|
|
Atrial Fibrilation
|
P wave: None - impluses originate from multiple ectopic sites
QRS complex: Present PR Interval: None QRS Interval: 0.04-0.10sec Rhythm: Venticular rhythm irregular Rate: Venticular Rate variable -- Atrial Rate over 350 time/min and not counted |
|
|
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Treatment |
No treatment
|
|
|
Sinus Bradycardia
Treatment |
Monitor, assess pt., bradycardia may be baseline for certain pt. populations (athletes) beta blockers can also cause bradycardia.
No treatment unless slow rate results in decrease in cardiac output. If sysmptomatic consider: Atropine 0.5mg IV Dopamine drip @ 2-10mcg Epinephrine drip Adjust medications that might be slowing rate. Cardiac pacemaker. |
|
|
Sinus Tachycardia
Treatment |
No treatment unless rapid rate results in decrease in cardiac output.
Treat causes of tachycardia. |
|
|
Intraventricular Conduction Defect
|
Treatment if needed
|
|
|
1st Degreee AV Block
Treatment |
Monitor
No treatment unless bradycardia causes decrease in cardiac output. If sysmptomatic consider: Atropine 0.5mg IV Cardiac pacemaker. Adjust medications that might be slowing rate. |
|
|
Sinus Arrhythmia
Treatment |
No Treatment
|
|
|
Sinus Exit Block
Sinus Arrest Sinus Pause Treatment |
No treatment unless pauses cause slow rate resulting in decreased cardiac output.
Cardiac pacemaker |
|
|
Preamature Atrial Contraction (PAC)
Treatment |
Not unually treated
Monitor for increasing frequency -- can lead to MAT or Atrial Fibrilation |
|
|
Multifocal Atrial Rhythm / Tachycardia
Treatment |
Urgency of treatment based on ventricular rate.
Digoxin, Calcium Channel Blockers, or Beta Blockers. |
|
|
Artial Tachycardia / Atrial tachycardia with Block
Treatment |
Usually caused by Digotalsis toxicity. Check drug level.
Depending on the severity of the block may require temporary pacemaker. |
|
|
Atrial Flutter
Treatment |
Urgency of treatment based on ventricular rate. Digoxin, Calcium Channel Blocker, Beta Blockers, Amiodarone, Anticoagulation
|
|
|
Atrial Fibrilation
Treatment |
Urgency of treatment based on ventricular rate. Digoxin, Calcium Channel Blocker, Beta Blockers, Amiodarone, Anticoagulation
|
|
|
Junctional Rhythm
|
P wave: Inverted in lead 2 - located (a) before, (b) within, or (c) after the QRS complex
QRS complex: Present PR interval: < 0.12 sec QRS interval: 0.04-0.10sec Rhythm: Regular Rate: 40-60 bpm This can be a single beat or a sustained rhythm Junctional Rhythms are protective but might result in the loss of atrial kick and be too slow to maintain the cardiac output |
|
|
Accelerated Junctional Rhythm
|
P wave: Inverted in lead 2 - located (a) before, (b) within, or (c) after the QRS complex
QRS complex: Present PR interval: < 0.12 sec QRS interval: 0.04-0.10sec Rhythm: Regular Rate: 60-100 bpm |
|
|
Junctional Tachycardia
|
P wave: Inverted in lead 2 - located (a) before, (b) within, or (c) after the QRS complex
QRS complex: Present PR interval: < 0.12 sec QRS interval: 0.04-0.10sec Rhythm: Regular Rate: >100 bpm |
|
|
Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC)
|
P wave: Earlier than expected in the rhythm - inverted in lead 2 - Located (a) before, (b) within, or (c) after the QRS complex
QRS complex: Present PR interval: < 0.12 sec if measurable QRS interval: 0.04-0.10sec Rhythm: irregular around the PJC Rate: Varriable |
|
|
Junctional Rhythm
Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricular rate is slow and cardiac output affected.
Monitor patient and treat cause of SA node dysfunction. |
|
|
Accelerated Junctional Rhythm
Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricular rate is slow and cardiac output affected.
Monitor patient and treat cause of SA node dysfunction. |
|
|
Junctional Tachycardia
Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricular rate is slow and cardiac output affected.
Monitor patient and treat cause of SA node dysfunction. |
|
|
Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC)
Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricular rate is slow and cardiac output affected.
Monitor patient and treat cause of SA node dysfunction. |
|
|
Idioventricular Rhythm
|
P wave:None
QRS complex: Present with wide and bizarre shape PR interval: None QRS interval: >0.10sec (usually > 0.12 sec) Rhythm: Regular Rate: 20-40bpm Considered an escape rhythm |
|
|
Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm
|
P wave:None
QRS complex: Present with wide and bizarre shape PR interval: None QRS interval: >0.10sec (usually > 0.12 sec) Rhythm: Regular Rate: 40-100 bpm Considered an escape rhythm |
|
|
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)
|
P wave:None
QRS complex: Present & ealier than expected PR interval: None QRS interval: >0.10sec (usually > 0.12 sec) Rhythm: Irregular around PVC Rate: Variable EVALUATE THE UNDERLYING RHYTHM FIRST |
|
|
Ventircular Tachycardia (V-Tach)
|
P wave:None
QRS complex: Present with wide and bizarre shape PR interval: None QRS interval: >0.10sec (usually > 0.12 sec) Rhythm: Regular Rate: >100 bpm Rapid rate & force of ventricular contraction might not maintain cardiac output. Considered a LEATHAL dysrhythmia and requires immediate evaluation and possible intervention. |
|
|
Ventricular Fibrillation (V- Fib)
|
P wave:None
QRS complex: No identifiable form PR interval: None QRS interval: None Rhythm: Irregular Rate: None Patient will have no cardiac output, therefore, considered a LETHAL dysrhythmia and requires immediate intervention. |
|
|
Asystole
|
P wave:None
QRS complex: None PR interval: None QRS interval: None Rhythm: None Rate: None No electrical activity present |
|
|
Idioventricular Rhythm
Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricular rate is slow and cardiac output affected
|
|
|
Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm
Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricular rate is slow and cardiac output affected.
Monitor for progressionan the Mobitz 2. |
|
|
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)
Treatment |
Might require temorary or permanent pacemaker dependant on ventricular rate.
Monitor for progression to third degree AV Block (aka complete heart block) |
|
|
Ventricular Tachycardia (V-Tach)
Treatment |
Usually require temporary and or permanent pacemaker.
|
|
|
Ventricular Fibrillation (V- Fib)
Treatment |
Requires Immediate intervention with CPR and ACLS
|
|
|
Asystole
Treatment |
Requires Immediate intervention with CPR and ACLS
|
|
|
1st Degree AV Block
|
P wave: Present - look the same - follwed by a QRS complex
QRS complex: Present - look the same - preceded by one P wave PR interval: > 0.20 sec QRS interval: 0.04-0.10 sec & consistent Rhythm: Regular (P-P regular - R-R regular) Rate: Varriable Can only occur w/ sinus rhythms and usually occurs with rates <100 bpm |
|
|
2nd Degree AV Block Type I
(aka Mobitz / Wemckebach) |
P wave: Present - look the same - follwed by a QRS complex
QRS complex: Present - look the same - preceded by one P wave PR interval: > 0.20 sec - Becomes PROGRESSIVELY LONGER until the P Wave is not conducted QRS interval: 0.04-0.10 sec & consistent Rhythm: Regular (P-P regular - R-R irregular) Rate: Varriable |
|
|
2nd Degree AV Block Type 2
(aka Mobitz 2) |
P wave: Present - look the same - follwed by a QRS complex
QRS complex: Present - look the same - preceded by more than one P wave PR interval: 0.12-0.20 sec for the P wave that conduct & are consistant for the P waves that are conducted QRS interval: 0.04-0.10 sec & consistent Rhythm: Regular (P-P regular - R-R irregular) Rate: Varriable Ventricular rate is varriable and slow enough to cause a drop in cardiac output. Mobitz 2 can lead to a 3rd Degree AV Block (aka complete heart block) |
|
|
3rd Degree AV Block
(aka Complete Heart Block) |
P wave: Present - look the same - follwed by a QRS complex
QRS complex: Present - look the same - NOT preceded by P wave PR interval: None QRS interval: usually >0.10 sec Rhythm: Regular (P-P regular - R-R regular) Rate: Varriable (w/ atrial rate "P waves" faster than vetricular rate "QRS complexes") THERE is NO COMMUNICATION between the atria and the ventricles - they beat independantly of one another. Cardiac output is dependant upon ventricular rate. |
|
|
1st Degree AV Block
Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricualr rate is slow and cardiac rate is affected
|
|
|
2nd Degree AV Block Type 1
(aka Mobitz) Treatment |
Not usually treated unless ventricualr rate is slow and cardiac rate is affected.
Monitor for progression the Mobitz 2. |
|
|
2nd Degree AV Block Type 2
(aka Mobitz 2) Treatment |
Might require temporary or permanant pacemaker dependant on ventricular rate.
Monitor for progression to 3rd Degree AV Block (aka Complete Heart Block) |
|
|
3rd Degree AV Block
(aka Complete Heart Block) Treatment |
Usually require temporary and or permanent pacemaker.
|
|
|
Steps for ECG Rhythm Analysis
|
? P Waves ?
? QRS complexes? ? PR interval ? ? QRS interval ? ? Rhythm ? ? Rate ? INTERPRETATION |
