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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dysrhythmias Originating in the SA Node
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Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Tachycardia Sinus Dysrhythmia Sinus Arrest |
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Dysrhythmias Originating in the SA Node
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Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Tachycardia Sinus Dysrhythmia Sinus Arrest |
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Sinus Bradycardia
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Rate: Less than 60
Rhythm: Regular Pacemaker Site: SA Node P Waves: Upright & Normal PRI: Normal QRS: Normal |
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Sinus Tachycardia
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Rate: Greater than 100
Rhythm: Regular Pacemaker Site: SA Node P Waves: Upright & Normal PRI: Normal QRS: Normal |
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Sinus Dysrhythmia:
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Rate: 60-100
Rhythm: Irregular Pacemaker Site: SA Node P Waves: Upright & Normal PRI: Normal QRS: Normal |
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Sinus Arrest:
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Rate: Normal to Slow
Rhythm: Irregular Pacemaker Site: SA Node P Waves: Upright & Normal PRI: Normal QRS: Normal |
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Dysrhythmias Originating in the Atria
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Supraventricular Tachycardia
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia Premature Atrial Contractions Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia Atrial Flutter Atrial Fibrillation |
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Supraventricular Tachycardia
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Rate: Usually Normal
Rhythm: Slightly Irregular Pacemaker Site: Varies P Waves: Variable or Absent PRI: Varies depending on source of impulse QRS: Normal |
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Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
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Rate:More Than 100
Rhythm:Irregular Pacemaker Site:Ectopic Sites in Atria P Waves: Organized, Nonsinus P Waves at least 3 forms. PRI:Varies depending on source of impulse. QRS: Variable. |
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Premature Atrial Contractions
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Rate:Depends on underlying rhythm
Rhythm: Usually Regular except for the PAC Pacemaker Site: Ectopic Sites in Atria P Waves: Occurs Earlier than Expected. PRI:Varies dependant on foci of impulse. QRS: Usually Normal |
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Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
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Rate: 150-250
Rhythm: Regular Pacemaker Site: Atrial (Outside SA Node) P Waves: Often buried in preceding T Wave PRI: Usually normal QRS: Usually Normal |
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Atrial Flutter
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Rate: Atrial rate 250-350 Ventricular rate varies.
Rhythm:Usually Regular Pacemaker Site:Atrial (outside SA node) P Waves: F waves are present PRI:Usually Normal QRS: Usually Normal |
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Atrial Fibrillation
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Rate:Atrial Rate 350-50
Rhythm:Irregularly Irregular Pacemaker Site:Atrial (Outside SA Node) P Waves: None Discernible PRI:None QRS: Normal |
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First-Degree AV Block
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Rate: Depends on Underlying Rhythm
Rhythm: Usually Regular Pacemaker Site:SA Node or Atrial P Waves: Normal PRI: >0.20 seconds QRS: Usually <0.12 seconds |
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Premature Junctional Contractions
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Rate: Depends
Rhythm: Depends Pacemaker Site: Ectopic focus in AV junction P Waves: Inverted, may occur after QRS PRI: Normal if P occurs before QRS QRS: Usually Normal |
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Junctional Escape Complexes and Rhythms
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Rate:40-60
Rhythm:Irregular in single occurance Pacemaker Site: AV Junction P Waves: Inverted may occur after QRS PRI:Normal if P occurs before QRS QRS: Usually Normal. |
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Accelerated Junctional Rhythm
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Rate:60-100
Rhythm:Regular Pacemaker Site: AV Junction P Waves: Inverted, may occur after QRS PRI: Normal if P occurs before QRS QRS: Normal |
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Paroxysmal Junctional Tachycardia
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Rate:100-180
Rhythm:Regular Pacemaker Site:AV Junction P Waves:Inverted may occur after QRS PRI:Normal if P occurs before QRS QRS: Normal |
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Ventricular Escape Complexes and Rhythms
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Rate:15-40
Rhythm:Irregular Pacemaker Site: Ventricle P Waves: None PRI:None QRS:>0.12 seconds, bizarre |
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Premature Ventricular Contractions
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Rate:Underlying Rhythm
Rhythm:Interrupts regular underlying rhythm Pacemaker Site: Ventricle P Waves: None PRI: None QRS: .0.12 seconds bizarre |
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Ventricular Tachycardia
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Rate:100-250
Rhythm:Usually Regular Pacemaker Site: Ventricle P Waves:if present, not associated with QRS PRI: None QRS: >0.12 seconds, bizarre |
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Pacemaker Rhythm
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Rate:Varies with pacemaker
Rhythm: May be irregular or regular Pacemaker Site: Depends P Waves:None produced, spike PRI:if present, varies QRS:>0.12 seconds, bizarre |
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P-R interval
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Beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS
Time taken for impulse to travel through the atria (0.12-0.20 seconds) |
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QRS interval
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Distance from first deflection to the QRS to the last
Time for ventricular depolarization (0.08-0.12 seconds) |
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S-T Segment
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Distance from S wave to the beginning of the T wave
Usually the isoelectric line but alters with disease Ischemia: ST depression Injury: ST elevation Infarct: Q wave |
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Five Step Approach
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Analyze the rate.
Analyze the rhythm. Analyze the P-waves. Analyze the P–R interval. Analyze the QRS complex. |
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Lead Placements
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Lead I: is between the right arm and left arm electrodes, the left arm being positive.
Lead II: is between the right arm and left leg electrodes, the left leg being positive. Lead III: is between the left arm and left leg electrodes, the left leg again being positive. |
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Chest Electrode Placement
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V1: Fourth intercostal space right of sternum.
V2: Fourth intercostal space Left of sternum. V3: Directly b/w lead V2 & V4 V4: Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line. V5: Level with V4 at left anterior axillary line. V6: Level with V5 at left midaxillary line. (Directly under the midpoint of the armpit) |
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What is a common characteristic of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy?
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Large QRS complexes (As the heart wall thickens, more electricity is needed to cause contraction)
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What changes will you see in an ECG with a Bundle Branch Block?
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1. QRS widens (> 0.12 sec).
2. QRS morphology changes (varies depending on ECG lead, and if it is a right vs. left bundle branch block). |
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What is a characteristic of RBBB?
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With RBBB the wide QRS complex assumes a unique, virtually diagnostic shape in those leads overlying the right ventricle (V1 and V2) Looks like bunny ears!
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What is a characteristic of LBBB?
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For LBBB the wide QRS complex assumes a characteristic change in shape in those leads opposite the left ventricle (right ventricular leads - V1 and V2). Broad Deep S waves.
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