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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What age is early childhood? |
Birth-8 years |
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Lucy Mitchell |
Funded Bank Street College Writer workshops Modeled Headstart Program |
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Role of a Montessori Teacher |
Prepare enviorment Observe and demonstrate Don't interfere |
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Maria Montessori |
1st female physician Worked w poor children Casa dei Bambini Childsize furniture Lifeskills |
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Froebel |
"Father of kindergarten" Structured free play Be aware of child development |
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Benefits Of Play |
Less Special Ed Higher test scores Less crime Better jobs |
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The Perry Preschool Project |
Study done to see the effect of preschool of the life of kids 1960's in Michigan |
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Headstart |
Federally funded preschool Ages 3-5 year olds |
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Career Options working with children |
Therapist Day Care Pediatric Nurse Social Worker Etc. |
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Primary Grades Ages (1st-3rd) |
6-8 year olds |
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Ages of Kindergaten |
5 year olds |
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Ages of preschool |
3-4 year olds |
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Age of infants |
Birth-3 |
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Caroline Pratt |
Developer of Unit blocks |
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Dewey |
Believer of Progressive Education Make education more democratic |
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Progressive Education |
Teach decision maing skills Make education more democratic Less discipline and memorizing Intergrated curriculum Child center curriculum |
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Intergrated Curriculum |
Bring all subjects together |
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Child centered curriculun |
Teaching the whole child |
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View of children through time |
Blanks Slates -> children develop through learning |
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Developmentally Appropriate Practice |
Teaching that is attuned to childrens age, experience, abilities, interests Challenging yet achieveable goald |
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Intentional teachers |
Have purpose for action Make decisions for a reason Can explain her plans to other Organized and planned |
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Teachers role in DAP classroom |
Create caring community Teach to enhance learning & development Establish curriculum with families Plan to achieve goals |
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DAP Curriculum |
Based on what we know about child Meet children where they are Challenging yet achievable goals Based on observation of child Plenty of practice |
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Neurons |
Nerve cells that receive info through senses |
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Synapses |
Connections that carry info between neurons |
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Pruning |
At 2 or 3 synapses that arent use are pruned |
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Age for windows of opportunities |
Up to 10 yrs old the brain is most adaptable |
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Disequilibrium |
When you dont know or understand something |
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Assimilation |
Reorganizing brain to new info |
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Piaget Theory |
Organization through schemas Assimilation Disequilibrium |
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Behaviorism |
Positive and negative reinforcement and consequences |
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Scaffolding |
Helping a child through anyway |
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Self regulation |
Ability to control behavior and emotion |
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Zone of Proximal Development |
When it challenges what they know but it's not too hard |
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Constructivism |
Children construct own knowledge to make sense of things |
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Positive reinforcement |
Praising the child for a good behavior |
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Negative Reinforcement |
Doing something to get rid of undesired action (Taking phone away after fight) |
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Nature |
What you're born with |
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Nurture |
Environment |
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Cognitive Benefits of Play |
Problem Solvin creative Attention span Risk taking Following directions Listening Skills Self Discipline
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Social/Emotional Benefits of Play |
Cooperation Leading Skills Sharing Communication Imagination Confidence Independence Stress relief |
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Physical Benefits of Play |
Spatial Awareness Fine/Gross Motor Skills Balance Hand-eye coordination Flexibility
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Learning Vs. Development |
Learning is change in knowledge that comes from experience or instructions Development is change that occurs through maturation |
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Piaget Stages
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Birth-2 sensorimotor (touching) 2-7 yrs preoperational (touch & seeing) 7-11 yrs concrete operations (imagination) |
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Erickson Stages |
Stages of personal and social development Birth-18 months: Trust vs. Mistrust 18 mo.- 3yrs: Autonomy vs Doubt 3-6yrs: initiative vs guilt 6-12yrs: industry vs inferiority |
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Maslow Theory |
Basic need must be met in order to achieve self actualization Physical, Safety, Love, Esteem, Actualization |
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Skinner Theory |
Behaviorism and Constructivist |
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Bandura Theory |
Learn through observation Children model behaviors Self regulation |
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Brofenbrenner Theory |
Systems that affect a child's development should be supported Microsystems: parents, teachers, religion, peers Mesosystems: schools, home, neighborhood Exosystems: goverment, school board |
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Vygotsky Theory |
Sociocultural theory Interactions w people help learni NV Cultural artifacts(language & nunbers) Self regulation Learning leads development Education affects learning |
