Ecco Bccc Ormc Neuro

Front 1

Pituitary tumors may result in:

Back 1

Cushing's syndrome

Front 2

Primary brain tumors include:

Back 2

Gliomas, meningiomas, pituitary adenoma

Front 3

Vasospasm is often a complication of cerebral aneurysms

Back 3

True

Front 4

Spinal injuries from acceleration/deceleration mechanisms can lead to injuries such as:

Back 4

Hyper extension

Front 5

What is the most common sites for aneurysms to develop

Back 5

Anterior circulation

Front 6

The type of spinal injury that results from a diving injury is known as what type of injury

Back 6

Hyper extension

Front 7

An epidural hematoma:

Back 7

Is characterized by arterial site bleed into the space above the Dura.

Front 8

And intracerebral hematoma:

Back 8

Is characterized by bleeding into the brain tissue.

Front 9

Widespread and severe shearing of the axos which may show as hemorrhagic lesions by CT scan or MRI are associated with a:

Back 9

Difffuse axonal injury

Front 10

Preventing conditions that lead to secondary brain injury include management of all except: hypoxemia, systemic hypotension, cerebral hypoperfusion, sepsis.

Back 10

Sepsis

Front 11

Patient management for meningitis includes administration of antibacterial drugs. The antibacterial drug of choice is determined by culture and sensitivity of the organism

Back 11

True

Front 12

The most common causes brain abscess is

Back 12

Ear infection

Front 13

All meningitis patients must be isolated

Back 13

False

Front 14

Meningitis can be distinguished from encephalitis by the presence of:

Back 14

Positive Brudzinski and Kernig sign

Front 15

– Are characterized by sporadic jerking movements of limbs

Back 15

Myoclonic movements

Front 16

Which description of brain involvement is indicative of generalized seizure

Back 16

All regions of the brain in both hemispheres are involved

Front 17

Nursing interventions aimed at maintaining the safety of the patient having seizure include:

Back 17

Having suction available in case Vomiting

Front 18

Once diagnosed, treatment of a seizure focuses on:

Back 18

Controlling the seizures and providing patient safety

Front 19

Your patient has received tPAfor treatment of her stroke. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet's are not given for 24 hours after administration.

Back 19

True

Front 20

Differentiation of ischemic stroke versus hemorrhagic stroke is vital to ensure the correct treatment. Which of the following diagnostic test is considered the most important initial diagnostic study?

Back 20

Noncontrast CT scanning

Front 21

Your patient was found unconscious on the floor by his wife. He has no history of hypertension. His only complaint was a dizziness earlier in the day. You anticipate that a – will be done to determine the cause of unconsciousness.

Back 21

Noncontrast CT scan

Front 22

Which diagnostic test is used to visualize any ischemic regions in the brain within minutes of symptom onset?

Back 22

Diffusion weighted imaging MRI

Front 23

Ideally the CT scan should be completed within 25 minutes of arrival to the emergency department and read within 45 minutes of arrival

Back 23

True

Front 24

And occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery results in which of the following symptoms

Back 24

Third nerve palsy, weakness, and ataxia

Front 25

And occlusion of the superior cerebellar artery results in which of the following symptoms

Back 25

Cerebellar ataxia,, partial deafness, nausea, vomiting and loss of pain and temperature sensation

Front 26

Patients whonare admitted for hemorrhagic stroke usually present with:

Back 26

Headache

Front 27

And occlusion of the basilar artery results in which of the following symptoms

Back 27

Dizziness or a feeling of lightheadedness

Front 28

Antihypertensive treatment is recommended for both prevention of recurrent stroke and prevention of other vascular events in persons who have ischemic stroke.

Back 28

True

Front 29

What is the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage

Back 29

Untreated hypertension

Front 30

The ischemic penumbra is the region between normally perfused tissue in the evolving infarction

Back 30

True

Front 31

What presents the highest risk for developing a stroke

Back 31

Atrial fibrillation

Front 32

Lumbar drains permit nurses to maintain cerebrospinal fluid pressure within normal limits without directly accessing the intracranial compartment

Back 32

True

Front 33

Clustered nursing care activities will result in increases in intracranial pressure

Back 33

True

Front 34

As it relates to the use of hyperventilation in managing ICP hyperventilation has no impact on intracranial pressure

Back 34

Faults

Front 35

When assessing a patient before suctioning you note that the ICP is 17 and the P2 wave is higher than the P1 wave.
you anticipate that suctioning this patient will produce which of the following results

Back 35

An increase in ICP from 17 to 27

Front 36

While caring for a patient with an intracranial pressure monitoring device in place, the waveform suddenly changes to A waves. The first action will be to:

Back 36

Assess the patient for neurological symptoms

Front 37

Cerebral autoregulation is best defined as the brains ability to:

Back 37

Maintain a constant bloodflow over a wide range of mean arterial pressures

Front 38

As arterial carbon dioxide levels rise the cerebral arteries constrict, increasing the volume of blood inside the skull, which can cause an increase in pressure.

Back 38

False

Front 39

Common external landmarks for the zero reference point (foramen of Munro) for intraventricular intracranial pressure monitor are the tragus of the ear and –.

Back 39

External auditory canal

Front 40

Alterations in pituitary function and utilization of osmotic diuretics can lead to inappropriate fluid losses. Which of the following laboratory studies should be monitored?

Back 40

Serum osmolality, serum potassium, serum sodium

Front 41

Other reflexes used on patients are performed by a nurse practitioner or MD.These test, doll eyes maneuvers and cold calories, test for Intact

Back 41

Midbrain and brainstem

Front 42

In ICUs, Death is sometimes confirmed by evaluating neurological functioning. This is done using:

Back 42

An EEG

Front 43

Cushing's triad is seen:

Back 43

Less than 40% of the time and it is a late finding

Front 44

The gag reflex, which is elicited when something is put near the Uvula and the back of the throat, especially with suctioning in the ICU, is a survival mechanism and prevents choking. The cranial nerves involved are:

Back 44

Cranial nerves IX and X

Front 45

What symptoms to patients having an acute subdural hematoma typically experience

Back 45

Headache, slow Cerebration, muscle weakness and decreased level of Consciousness

Front 46

What sign is exhibited by patient when during physical examination, you flexed the patient's neck, causing and involuntary flexion of both knees and hips

Back 46

Positive Brudzinski sign

Front 47

What is one of the signs of encephalitis

Back 47

Fever, headache, and stiff neck

Front 48

A central nervous system infection often causes edema within the cranial cavity

Back 48

True

Front 49

Partial seizures are categorized as simple, complex or evolving

Back 49

True

Front 50

What are presenting signs and symptoms of the patient with an intracerebral hemorrhage

Back 50

Unexplained dizziness unsteadiness or sudden falls and sudden severe headache and loss of consciousness. Severe weakness paralysis or numbness in the face arm and leg on one or both sides of the body. Altered speech or difficulty speaking or understanding speech

Front 51

An occlusion of the basilar artery results in which symptoms

Back 51

Dizziness or a feeling of lightheadedness

Front 52

– Has been found to be a safe and reliable method for monitoring cerebral oxygenation

Back 52

Pbt 02

Front 53

And uncal lateral herniation is:

Back 53

When the third cranial nerve is trapped below the tentorium

Front 54

What are the factors that influence compliance in the brain

Back 54

Amount and rates of volume increases

Front 55

Your patient has cerebral edema. The physician has ordered an osmotic diuretics to be administered. Patient should be monitored for signs of

Back 55

Hypovolemia

Front 56

When assessing spinal lesions, which muscle group evaluated C-5 and C-6

Back 56

Deltoids and biceps

Front 57

The variety of tumors that arise from the neural glial cells are categorized as

Back 57

Gliomas

Front 58

Cushing syndrome gigantism acromegaly or hormonal dysfunctions related to

Back 58

Pituitary adenoma

Front 59

The anterior cerebral artery supplies which parts of the brain

Back 59

Medial area of the Temporel, frontal, and parietal lobes

Front 60

The posterior cerebral artery supplies which part of the brain

Back 60

Occipital lobe, midbrain, thalamus and the inferior medial temporal low

Front 61

Where does the reticular activating system originate

Back 61

Medulla

Front 62

The temporal lobe is responsible for controlling:

Back 62

Speech memory and intellect

Front 63

The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for which following functions

Back 63

Touch, pain awareness, and spatial awareness of the body in its environment

Front 64

– the RAS from the medulla to the midbrain. it relates and controls a portion of respiratory function and is the original origins of cranial nerves V, VI, VII and VIII

Back 64

Pons channels

Front 65

The right and left cerebral hemispheres are connected by the –

Back 65

Corpus collosum

Front 66

Compliance is related to how well this structures inside the skull can accommodate the change in pressure

Back 66

True

Front 67

The brain takes up what percent of skull?

Back 67

80

Front 68

Which of the following are exclusion criteria for the administration of TPA except: witnessed seizure at stroke onset. Platelet count of 80,000. Blood pressure of 220/140. Cholecystectomy two months ago.

Back 68

Cholecystectomy two months ago

Front 69

An occlusion of the basilar artery results in which symptoms

Back 69

Dizziness or a feeling of lightheadedness

Front 70

And occlusion of the superior cerebellar artery results in:

Back 70

Cerebellar atasia, partial deafness, nausea, committing, and loss of pain and temperature sensation.

Front 71

Embolic strokes are frequently:

Back 71

Cardio embolic in origin

Front 72

a cingulated herniation is:

Back 72

Compression of brain structures

Front 73

The purpose of the transducer in any pressure monitoring system is to

Back 73

Convert the mechanical pressure wave into an electrical signal

Front 74

This reflex indicates upper motor neuron disease. It manifests with hyper reactive reflexes when the patient's ankle is passively pushed upward. The ankle flexes and dorsiflexes repetitively and rhythmically.

Back 74

Clonus reflex

Front 75

A head CT with angiography

Back 75

Evaluates vascular structures of the brain

Front 76

What is the term for the ability of the blood vessels to change diameter in order to maintain constant flow and pressure

Back 76

Autoregulation

Front 77

Contents of brain

Back 77

Brain matter 80%. CSF 10%. Blood 10%.

Front 78

Components of frontal lobe

Back 78

Reasoning, broca's area area ,memory, Eye movement

Front 79

Components of parietal lobe

Back 79

Sensory strip, interpretation of pain, temperature, light touch vibration.

Front 80

Components of temporal lobe

Back 80

Wernecke's area, auditory Association,

Front 81

components of cerebellum

Back 81

Controls find movement, maintains balance through feedback loops

Front 82

Components of Occipital obe

Back 82

Primary visual cortex, visual perception

Front 83

Cerebrospinal fluid

Back 83

10% of cranial vault content, secreted from choroid plexus in ventricles. Secreted at rate of 25 mL per hour.

Front 84

Brain uses

Back 84

20% of cardiac output. 20% of total body oxygen. Consumes 65% of total body glucose. The brain has no glucose stores. The brain can use glucose without insulin.

Front 85

You can get a withdrawal from pain from someone who is brain-dead

Back 85

True

Front 86

Is the response purposeful

Back 86

Considered purposeful if crosses midline

Front 87

Ischemic stroke blood pressure parameters

Back 87

Only treat if SBP greater than 220 or DBP greater than 120 in less candidate for thrombolytics

Front 88

Blood pressure parameter for administration of thrombolytic

Back 88

SBP less than 185 Or DBP less than 110

Front 89

ICH. Intraparenchymal stroke

Back 89

Bleeding into the brain tissue

Front 90

ICH. Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Back 90

Bleeding into subarachnoid space by aneurysm/AVM

Front 91

Management of ICH

Back 91

uvolemia BP control SBP 120 to 150.Labetalol or cardine administration. Nimitop:3 calcium channel blocker shown to enhance collateral bloodflow. Anticonvulsants. Stool softeners

Front 92

Management post coiling

Back 92

SBP greater than 180 for CPP, and prevention of vasospasm – Levophed. TCD daily – to monitor for vasospasm. EVD placement – for hydrocephalus

Front 93

Signs and symptoms of tumor

Back 93

Headache, nausea and vommiting, changes in LOC, seizures,

Front 94

Primary versus metastatic tumor

Back 94

Primary rarely metastasize; secondary are metastasis from lung, breast, melanomas

Front 95

Diagnosis tumor

Back 95

CT MRI

Front 96

Treatment tumor

Back 96

Corticosteroids, radiation, biopsy, resection, chemotherapy

Front 97

Partial simple seizure

Back 97

Consciousness not impaired

Front 98

Partial complex seizures

Back 98

Consciousness is impaired

Front 99

Evolving seizure

Back 99

Evolves into generalized

Front 100

Types of generalized seizure

Back 100

Absence. Myoclonic. Clonic. Tonic. Tonic – clonic. Atonic.

Front 101

Treatment of seizure

Back 101

Treatment of underlying condition. Avoidance of precipitating factor. Anti-epileptic drugs: Dilantin. Fosphenytoin, Carbamazepine, Valproic acid. Phenobarbital

Front 102

Encephalitis

Back 102

inflammation of the brain; caused by: viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasite; S/S: headache, fever, aching muscle or joint, fatigue or weakness, altered LOC, seizure

Front 103

Meningitis

Back 103

Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord; causes: bacterial most severe, virus, fungal, parasitic; symptoms: nausea vomiting, photophobia, altered mental status

Front 104

Brain death – triggers for translife

Back 104

GCS five or less, withdrawal of life support being considered by physician or family, absent two or more brainstem reflexes including pupillary response, cough, gag, response to stimuli; family mentions organ donation

Front 105

Brain death test

Back 105

Apnea test, nuclear perfusion scan, EEG, cranial angiography

Front 106

Target MAP

Back 106

Greater than or equal to 80 – 90

Front 107

Causes other than
Neuro problems that lead to a change in NEURO assessment

Back 107

Hypoxia/Hypercarbia ,; hyponatremia/hypernatremia; hypotension/hypertension; hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia

Front 108

Delirium

Back 108

Acute confusionaI state; clouding of consciousness; dulling of cognitive processes, and a general impairment of awareness; agitated or lethargic

Front 109

Dementia

Back 109

Progressive and irreversible general decline in global cognitive functions without a reduction in arousal

Front 110

GCS scale is based on best

Back 110

Eye-opening. Verbal responses. Motor responses. A change in score of two or more is significant and needs to be reported to dr

Front 111

GCS measures cognition and strength

Back 111

False

Front 112

Pupillary changes are a late finding

Back 112

True