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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Three objectives of first aid?
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1. Prevent further injury.
2. Prevent infection. 3. Prevent loss of life. |
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The four methods of controlling bleeding?
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1. Direct pressure.
2. Elevation. 3. Pressure points. 4. Use of a tourniquet. |
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What is a pressure point?
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- A point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone.
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How many principal pressure points are on each side of the body?
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- 11.
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Where are the 11 principal pressure points on each side of the body?
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1. Jaw (Superficial temproal artery).
2. Jaw (Facial artery). 3. Neck (Common carotid artery). 4. Collar Bone (Subclavian artery). 5. Inner Upper Arm (Brachial artery). 6. Inner Elbow (Brachial artery). 7. Wrist (Radial/Ulnar artery). 8. Upper Thigh (Femoral artery). 9. Groin (Iliac artery). 10. Knee (Popliteal artery). 11. Ankle (Anterior/Prosterior tibial artery). |
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What are the three types of burns and what classifies them as it?
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1. First degree - Redness, warmth, mild pain.
2. Second degree - Red, blistered, severe pain. 3. Third degree - Destroys tissue, skin, and bone. Sever pain may be absent due to nerve endings destroyed. |
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What are the two types of fractures and what classifies them as it?
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1. "Closed/simple" - broken bone without a break in the skin.
2. "Open/compound" - break in skin with possible bone protrusion. |
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What is electric shock?
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- Contact with electric energy. Ranges from little or no evidence of injury to severe trauma to cardiac arrest.
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What are indications of an obstructed airway?
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- Inability to talk, grasping and pointing to throat, exaggerated breathing efforts, skin turning bluish.
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Explain the two types of heat relation injuries.
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1. Heat exhaustion - Serious disturbance of blood flow to brain, heart, and lungs. Skin is cool, moist, and clammy, pupils are dilated. Temperature may be normal or high. Profuse sweating.
2. Heat stroke - Caused by a breakdown of the sweating mechanism. Unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup. Hot and/or dry skin, uneven pupil dilation, and a weak, rapid pulse. |
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Three types of cold weather injuries?
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1. Hypothermia.
2. Superficial Frostbite. 3. Deep Frostbite. |
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What is hypothermia and symptoms?
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- General cooling of the whole body caused by low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow or ice.
- May appear pale and unconscious, even taken for dead. Breathing is low and shallow, pulse faint or undetectable. Body tissues feel semi-rigid, arms and legs may feel stiff. |
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What is superficial frostbite?
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- Ice crystals are forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degress or lower.
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What is deep frostbite?
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- Ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.
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What is shock and how many types are there, what are they?
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- Life-threatening medical condition, body suffers from insufficient blood flow.
- 5 types are: 1. Septic Shock. 2. Anaphylactic Shock. 3. Cardiogenic Shock. 4. Hypovolemic Shock. 5. Neurogenic Shock. |
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What is septic shock?
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- Bacteria multiplying and releasing toxins. Causes are pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections (reputured appendix) and meningitis.
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What is anaphylactic shock?
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- Severe hypersensitivity or allergic reactions.
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What is cardiogenic shock?
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- Heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body. End result of a heart attack or congestive heart failure.
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What is hypovolemic shock?
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- Severe blood and fluid loss. Heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body.
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What is neurogenic shock?
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- Spinal cord injury.
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