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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State the three objectives of first aid.
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1. Save life
2. Prevent further injury 3. Prevent infection NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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State the four methods of controlling bleeding.
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1. Direct pressure
2. Elevation 3. Pressure points 4. Tourniquet NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is a pressure point?
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Pressure points are where arteries lie over bone close to the surface of the skin.
NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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How many pressure points are in the human body?
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22
(11 on each side.) NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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State where the 11 pressure points can be found.
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1. Temple (superficial temporal artery)
2. Jaw (facial artery) 3. Neck (common carotid artery) 4. Collar bone (subclavian artery) 5. Inner upper arm (brachial artery) 6. Inner elbow (brachial artery) 7. Wrist (radial/ulnar artery) 8. Groin (iliac artery) 9. Upper thigh (femoral artery) 10. Knee (popliteal artery) 11. Ankle (anterior/posterior tibial artery) NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is shock?
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A disruption of the circulatory system.
NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What are the symptoms of shock?
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1. Vacant or lackluster eyes
2. Shallow or irregular breathing 3. Cold, pale skin 4. Nausea 5. Weak or absent pulse NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is the treatment for shock?
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1. Lay the victim down
2. Elevate feet 6 to 12 inches 3. Cover to maintain body heat 4. Reassure the victim NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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Describe the three classifications of burns.
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FIRST DEGREE
(Mildest) Redness, increased warmth, tenderness, and mild pain SECOND DEGREE (Intermediate) Red and blistered skin, severe pain THIRD DEGREE (Severe) Destroyed tissue, skin, and bone. Pain may be absent due to nerve endings being destroyed. NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is heat exhaustion?
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Heat exhaustion is a serious disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart, and lungs.
NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What are the symptoms of heat exhaustion?
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1. Cool, moist, and clammy skin
2. Dilated pupils 3. Normal or subnormal body temperature 4. Profuse sweating NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is the treatment of heat exhaustion?
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1. Move victim to cool or air conditioned area
2. Loosen clothing 3. Apply cool, wet cloths to the head, groin, and ankles 4. Fan the victim 5. Transport to medical facility * Do not allow the victim to become chilled * If conscious, give the victim one teaspoon salt dissolved in 1L of cool water NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is heat stroke?
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A very serious condition caused by a breakdown of the sweating mechanism of the body. The victim is unable to eliminate excessive body heat build up.
NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What are the symptoms of heat stroke?
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1. Hot or dry skin
2. Uneven pupil dilation 3. Weak, rapid pulse NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is the treatment for heat stroke?
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1. Douse body with cold water
2. Apply wet, cold towels to body 3. Move victim to coolest place 4. Maintain open airway 5. Place victim on back with shoulders raised slightly 6. Place cold packs or towels around the victim's shoulders, neck, groin, and ankles. 7. Use fan (if available) * A cold water bath is especially helpful NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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State the difference between an open and closed fracture.
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CLOSED
"Simple" Internal broken bone, but no break in the skin. OPEN "Compound" An open wound in the tissue or skin and the bone may be protruding through the skin. NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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When speaking of electric shock, what is the process for personnel rescue?
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At no point should the rescuer touch the victim's body, wire, or any other object that may be conducting electricity.
Turn off the current immediately. If unable to turn the current off, remove the wire from the victim using a non-conducting object (dry broom handle, branch, pole, oar, board). NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is the treatment for a victim of electric shock?
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1. Administer artificial ventilation immediately
2. Check pulse (the electric shock may cause the heart to stop) 3. If no pulse, start CPR immediately 4. Get victim to medical facility NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What are some indications of a blocked airway?
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1. Inability to talk
2. Grasping or pointing to throat 3. Exaggerated breathing efforts 4. Skin turning bluish color NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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How do you perform the Heimlich Maneuver?
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1. Standing behind the victim, wrap your arms around the victim's waist
2. Grasp your wrist and place thumb side of fist against the victim's abdomen, above the navel and below the rib cage 3. Give 4 quick upward thrusts 4. Obstruction should clear 5. Repeat, if necessary NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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How do you administer Reclined Abdominal Thrusts?
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1. Position yourself by either straddling at the hips, straddling one leg, or kneeling at the hips of the victim
2. Place your hands on top of one another between victim's navel and base of the sternum 3. Give 4 quick upward thrusts into the abdomen NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is hypothermia?
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A general cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow, or ice.
NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What are some indications that someone is suffering from hypothermia?
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1. May be unconscious
2. May be pale and taken for dead 3. Breathing is slow and shallow 4. Pulse is faint, possibly undetectable 5. Body tissues are semi-rigid 6. Arms and legs may be stiff NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is the treatment for hypothermia?
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1. Victim should be wrapped in warm blankets in a warm room
2. Do not give hot drinks or other stimulants until full consciousness has been regained 3. Get medical attention immediately NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
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What is the difference between superficial and deep frostbite?
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SUPERFICIAL FROSTBITE
Ice crystals forming in the upper layers of the skin after exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees DEEP FROSTBITE Ice crystals forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees |
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What is the treatment for frostbite?
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1. Get victim indoors
2. Re-warm the area by placing them in warm water or with hot water bottles (alternatives: under the arm pits, against the abdomen, or between legs of a friend) 3. Never rub the frostbite area 4. Seek medical attention immediately NAVEDTRA 12043, Basic Military Requirements, Chapter 20 |
