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44 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Scientist who developed the theory for continental drift
WEGENER
Scientist who developed the theory for sea floor spreading
HESS
States that continents move from one place to another on Earth's surface
CONTINENTAL DRIFT
the rising of a warm substance that cools and then sinks
CONVECTION
location of convection within the Earth's layers
ASTHENOSPHERE and OUTER CORE
location of convection that causes magnetic field
OUTER CORE
location of convection that causes plate movement
ASTHENOSPHERE
densest layer
INNER CORE
least dense layer
CRUST (continental)
hottest layer
INNER CORE
coolest layer
CRUST
layer under most pressure
INNER CORE
why the inner core is solid
SO MUCH PRESSURE
composition of continental crust
GRANITE
composition of oceanic crust
BASALT
composition of mantle
PERIDIDODITE
composition of outer core
IRON and SULFUR
composition of inner core
IRON and NICKEL
thickest layer
MANTLE
thinnest layer
CRUST (oceanic)
makes up less than 1% of Earth's volume
CRUST
makes up 80% of Earth's volume
MANTLE
rocks by intense heat and pressure
METAMORPHIC
rocks formed on the surface
SEDIMENTARY and SOME IGENOUS
rocks formed below the surface
METAMORPHIC and SOME IGNEOUS
rocks formed when molten rock cools
IGNEOUS
means "melted rock"
MOLTEN
rocks formed with pieces of rock are weathered, eroded, compacted and cemented
SEDIMENTARY
squeezed together
COMPACTED
glued together
CEMENTED
process of breaking down rock
WEATHERING
process of moving broken pieces of rock
EROSION
can form an igneous rock
ANY KIND
can form a sedimentary rock
ANY KIND
can form a metamorphic rock
ANY KIND
the process of making rocks and then recycling them
ROCK CYCLE
molten rock above ground
LAVA
molten rock below ground
MAGMA
rocks formed when volcanoes erupt lava
IGNEOUS
inorganic elements or groups of elements that make up rocks
MINERALS
combinations of minerals
ROCKS
evidence of continental drift
1. GREENLAND HAS TROPICAL FOSSILS BUT IS NOW ICY
2. SAME FOSSILS FOUND ON DIFFERENT CONTINENTS
3. SAME ROCK FORMATIONS AND MOUNTAINS ON DIFFERENT CONTINENTS
4. CONTINENTS FIT LIKE PUZZLE PIECES
5. TROPICAL COAL BEDS ARE FOUND FAR FROM THE EQUATOR
polarity when "North" is really north
NORMAL POLARITY
evidence of sea floor spreading
1. OCEAN FLOOR IN MIRROR IMAGES
2. NEW ROCK IN CENTER
3. CHANGES IN POLARITY