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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Scientist who developed the theory for continental drift
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WEGENER
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Scientist who developed the theory for sea floor spreading
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HESS
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States that continents move from one place to another on Earth's surface
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CONTINENTAL DRIFT
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the rising of a warm substance that cools and then sinks
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CONVECTION
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location of convection within the Earth's layers
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ASTHENOSPHERE and OUTER CORE
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location of convection that causes magnetic field
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OUTER CORE
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location of convection that causes plate movement
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ASTHENOSPHERE
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densest layer
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INNER CORE
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least dense layer
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CRUST (continental)
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hottest layer
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INNER CORE
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coolest layer
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CRUST
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layer under most pressure
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INNER CORE
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why the inner core is solid
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SO MUCH PRESSURE
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composition of continental crust
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GRANITE
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composition of oceanic crust
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BASALT
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composition of mantle
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PERIDIDODITE
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composition of outer core
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IRON and SULFUR
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composition of inner core
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IRON and NICKEL
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thickest layer
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MANTLE
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thinnest layer
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CRUST (oceanic)
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makes up less than 1% of Earth's volume
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CRUST
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makes up 80% of Earth's volume
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MANTLE
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rocks by intense heat and pressure
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METAMORPHIC
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rocks formed on the surface
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SEDIMENTARY and SOME IGENOUS
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rocks formed below the surface
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METAMORPHIC and SOME IGNEOUS
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rocks formed when molten rock cools
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IGNEOUS
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means "melted rock"
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MOLTEN
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rocks formed with pieces of rock are weathered, eroded, compacted and cemented
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SEDIMENTARY
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squeezed together
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COMPACTED
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glued together
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CEMENTED
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process of breaking down rock
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WEATHERING
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process of moving broken pieces of rock
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EROSION
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can form an igneous rock
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ANY KIND
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can form a sedimentary rock
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ANY KIND
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can form a metamorphic rock
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ANY KIND
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the process of making rocks and then recycling them
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ROCK CYCLE
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molten rock above ground
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LAVA
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molten rock below ground
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MAGMA
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rocks formed when volcanoes erupt lava
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IGNEOUS
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inorganic elements or groups of elements that make up rocks
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MINERALS
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combinations of minerals
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ROCKS
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evidence of continental drift
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1. GREENLAND HAS TROPICAL FOSSILS BUT IS NOW ICY
2. SAME FOSSILS FOUND ON DIFFERENT CONTINENTS 3. SAME ROCK FORMATIONS AND MOUNTAINS ON DIFFERENT CONTINENTS 4. CONTINENTS FIT LIKE PUZZLE PIECES 5. TROPICAL COAL BEDS ARE FOUND FAR FROM THE EQUATOR |
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polarity when "North" is really north
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NORMAL POLARITY
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evidence of sea floor spreading
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1. OCEAN FLOOR IN MIRROR IMAGES
2. NEW ROCK IN CENTER 3. CHANGES IN POLARITY |